Hondo Yenyika II michina yepasi pemvura
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Hondo Yenyika II michina yepasi pemvura

28.07.2022 /

U 67 muSouth Atlantic. Vacherechedzi vanotarisa kumatenga, akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina, mumamiriro ekunze akanaka mukupera kwa1941.

Kugona kuitisa mauto epasi pemvura - kurwa nevavengi pamusoro pezvikepe nevatakuri - kwaienderana nehukuru hukuru pakugona kuona chinangwa. Rakanga risiri basa riri nyore, kunyanya mumvura dzisingaperi, dzisingaperi dzeAtlantic, kuvarindi vaibva mukiosk yengarava yakaderera pamberi pemeso avo vamene. MaGermany kwenguva yakareba akanga asingazivi nezvekutanga kwehondo yekambani nevabatanidzwa. Vakuru vakuru vezvikepe zveU-boat pavakagutsikana muna 1942 kuti vakanga vari kudzingirirwa nomuvengi asingaoneki, masayendisiti okuGermany akatanga nhamburiko huru yokugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Asi panguva iyo zvikepe zveU-zvichangobva kuvakwa zvakanga zvava kufa pakufamba kwavo kwekutanga, vasingazivi nezveAllied radio targeting system, Enigma decryption, uye kuvapo kwemapoka achivavhima, hapana chaigona kudzivirira kukundwa kweGerman U-boats.

Midziyo yekutarisa maziso.

Pakutanga kweGreat Patriotic War, nzira huru yekucherechedza uye kucherechedzwa nevashandi vepasi pemvura yaienderera mberi yekutarisa kwekutarisa, yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina, inoitwa zvisinei nemamiriro ekunze, nguva yegore uye zuva nevacherechedzi vana pamusangano. Tower platform. Pavanhu ava, vakasarudzwa zvakanyanya nemaziso akanakisa, vakatakura wachi yemaawa mana, mukana wekubudirira waienderana nekuburitswa kwechikepe chepasi pemvura ine hupenyu. Binoculars Carl Zeiss 7x50 (1943x magnification) ane akanakisa optical properties akaita kuti zvikwanise kuona mumvuri kubva pamusoro pemasti pamheziro nekukasika. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu ane dutu, mukunaya kwemvura kana chando, dambudziko guru rakanga riri kukanganisa kwemabinoculars kune magirazi akanyorova ane splashes yemvura, pamwe nekukuvara kwemagetsi. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kiosk inofanira kugara iine spares, yakaoma, yakagadzirira kushandiswa pakarepo, inofanira kupiwa kune vanocherechedza kana ikatsiviwa; pasina mabhainokura ekushanda, vacherechedzi vaiva "mapofu". Kubva muchirimo che'8, U-Butwaff yakagamuchira nhamba diki yemabhainokura matsva, akagadziridzwa 60 × XNUMX, aine muviri wealuminium (girinhi kana jecha), ane zvivharo zverabha uye zvinotsiva hunyoro-huputi hwekuisa. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwawo hudiki, mabhainokura aya akazozivikanwa se "submarine commander's binoculars", uye nekuda kwekuita kwavo kwepamusoro, vakakurumidza kuve mukombe waishuviwa zvikuru wevakuru vezvikwata zvekuvhima zvepasi pemvura.

periscopes

Muna 1920, maGermany akavamba NEDINSCO (Nederlandsche Instrumenten Compagnie) muNetherlands, iyo yaitova yakavharidzirwa inotumira kunze mauto optical midziyo yeGerman kambani Carl Zeiss weJena. Kubva pakutanga kwe30s. Kambani yeNEDINSCO yakagadzira periscopes paVenlo chirimwa (nechinangwa ichi, shongwe yepuraneti yakamiswawo). Kubva kuU-1935, yakavakwa muna 1, kusvika 1945, ngarava dzese dzepasi pemvura dzakange dzakashongedzerwa nekambani periscopes: madiki madiki emahombekombe emhando II ane imwe yekurwa imwe, uye yakakura Atlantic zvikamu zvemhando VII, IX uye XXI ine maviri:

- chikamu chekucherechedza (kumberi), chinoshanda kubva kudzimbahwe reLuftziel-Seror (LSR) kana Nacht-Luftziel-Seror (NLSR);

- kurwa (kumashure), kunodzorwa kubva kuAngriff-Sehrohr (ASR) kiosk.

Ose maperiscopes aive nemaitiro maviri ekukudza: x1,5 (kukura kwechifananidzo chakaonekwa neziso "rakashama") uye x6 (kakapetwa kana saizi yemufananidzo unoonekwa neziso "rakashama"). Pakudzika kwe periscope, mupendero wepamusoro wekonikoni waive anenge 6 m pazasi pemvura.

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