Dhizaini maficha uye kugadzirisa kweiyo VAZ 2101 injini

Zviri mukati

Ndeapi injini dzaive dzakashongedzerwa neVAZ yekutanga
- Tafura: chikuru unhu VAZ 2101 uye VAZ 21011 injini
Ndeipi mota inogona kuiswa pa "penny" pane yenguva dzose
Vaz 2101 injini malfunctions uye zviratidzo zvavo
Kugadziriswa kweinjini yeVAZ 2101

VAZ 2101 injini dzinosiyaniswa kwete chete neyakapfava, inonzwisisika dhizaini, asiwo nekugara kwayo. Zvinotoshamisa ndezvokuti vagadziri veSoviet vakakwanisa kugadzira injini dzinogona kupa kusawirirana kune "mamirioni" ekunze evanonyanya kufarirwa automakers. Nekuda kwekuvimbika uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvidyarwa zvemagetsi izvi, "penny" uye nhasi unotenderera mumigwagwa yedu, uye nekukurumidza.

Ndeapi injini dzaive dzakashongedzerwa neVAZ yekutanga

"Kopecks" yakanga yakagadzirwa nemhando mbiri dzemasimba emagetsi: 2101 uye 21011. Chigadzirwa chekutanga chakakweretwa kubva kuItaly Fiat-124. Asi yakanga isiri kopi, asi shanduro chaiyo yakagadziridzwa, kunyange zvazvo camshaft yakagadziridzwa. Kusiyana neFiat, iyo yaiva pasi pemusoro wehumburumbira, muVAZ 2101 shaft yakagamuchira nzvimbo yepamusoro. Kushanda vhoriyamu injini iyi yaiva 1,2 malita. Akakwanisa kugadzira simba rakaenzana ne64 hp. s., iyo panguva iyoyo yakanga yakakwana.

Dhizaini maficha uye kugadzirisa kweiyo VAZ 2101 injini

Dhizaini yeinjini ye "penny" yakakweretwawo neFiat

Injini yeVAZ 2101 yakasiyana kubva kune yakatangira muhuwandu, iyo yakawedzera kusvika 1,3 litita, uye, maererano naizvozvo, muhukuru hwemasilinda. Izvi hazvina kutungamira kune imwe gadziriso yesimba hunhu, zvisinei, yaive iyi unit yakazova prototype yekuzogadziridza yakazotevera, iyo 2103 uye 2105.

Injini yeVAZ 2101 ine masilinda mana akarongwa mumutsara mumwe

Tafura: chikuru unhu VAZ 2101 uye VAZ 21011 injini

Positions	Zviratidzo
VAZ 2101	VAZ 21011
Mhando yemafuta	Gasoline A-76, AI-92	Gasoline AI-93
jekiseni mudziyo	Carburetor
Cylinder block zvinhu	Cast iron
Cylinder musoro zvinhu	Aluminium chiwanikwa
Weight kg	114
Urongwa hwesilinda	Mutsara
Nhamba yemasilinda, pcs	4
Pisitoni dhayamita, mm	76	79
Piston kufamba amplitude, mm	66
Cylinder dhayamita, mm	76	79
Kushanda vhoriyamu, cm³	1198	1294
Simba guru, l. With.	64	69
Torque, Nm	87,3	94
Kukanganiswa kwehuwandu	8,5	8,8
Yakasanganiswa mafuta ekushandisa, l	9,2	9,5
Yakaziviswa injini sosi, chiuru km.	200000	125000
Inoshanda sosi, zviuru zvemakiromita.	500000	200000
Camshaft
расположение	pamusoro
gasi kugovera chikamu upamhi, ⁰	232
exhaust valve advance angle, ⁰	42
kunonoka vharafu ⁰	40
dhayamita yegondo, mm	56 uye 40
upamhi hwegondo, mm	7
Crankshaft
Mutsipa dhayamita, mm	50,795
Nhamba yemabhengi, pcs	5
Flywheel
dhayamita rekunze, mm	277,5
dhayamita yekumhara, mm	256,795
nhamba yemazino ekorona, pcs	129
uremu, g	620
Yakakurudzirwa injini mafuta	5W30, 15W40	5W30, 5W40, 10W40, 15W40
Injini yemafuta vhoriyamu, l	3,75
Inokurudzirwa inotonhorera	Antifreeze
Huwandu hwekutonhodza, l	9,75
Nguva yekufambisa	Chain, kaviri mutsara
Kurongeka kwema cylinders	1–3–4–2

Ndeipi mota inogona kuiswa pa "penny" pane yenguva dzose

Imwe yemhando huru dzekugadzirisa mota ndeye kuvandudzwa kweinjini yemotokari. Vaz 2101 injini - munda usina kurimwa mupfungwa iyi. Vamwe mhizha vanoisa maturbine pavari kuti vawedzere simba uye maitiro ekudhonza, vamwe vanochinja crankshaft uye vakabereka masilinda, uye vamwewo vanongochinja injini kuita imwe ine simba. Asi pano zvakakosha kuti urege kudarika, nokuti muviri wemotokari wakagadzirirwa mamwe mitoro, kupfuura iyo inogona kukuvadza zvakanyanya motokari yose.

Pakati pezvisarudzo zvakakurumbira zvekutsiviwa, zvakakodzera kufunga chete masimba emagetsi ari padyo mukugadzira uye kuita. Pane "peni" pasina matambudziko, unogona kuisa injini yepeturu ine vhoriyamu ye1,6 kana 2,0 litita kubva kune imwechete Fiat-Argent kana Polonaise.

Iyo injini kubva kuFiat-Argenta inogona kuiswa pane chero yekare VAZ pasina chero yakakosha shanduko

Unogona kuedza injini imwe chete kubva kuRenault Logan kana Mitsubishi Galant kana ukadziisa pamwe chete negiya bhokisi. Asi yakanakisa sarudzo isimba remagetsi kubva kunotevera kugadziridzwa kweVAZs. Izvi zvinogona kuva VAZ 2106, 2107, 2112 uye kunyange 2170. Injini kubva kumichina iyi inokodzera zvose muhukuru uye mukubatanidza kubhokisi regiya.

Zvimwe nezveVAZ 2101 gearbox: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/kpp/korobka-peredach-vaz-2101.html

Vaz 2101 injini malfunctions uye zviratidzo zvavo

Hazvina mhosva kuti iyo "penny" yemagetsi yakavimbika sei, inogona zvakare dzimwe nguva kuve isingaite. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekusashanda kwayo ndezvi:

kusakwanisa kutanga;
kusagadzikana idling, katatu;
kuderedzwa kwemaitiro ekudhonza uye simba;
kupisa;
ruzha rwekunze (kugogodza, clatter);
kuonekwa kwechichena (grey) kupera.

Nomuzvarirwo, chero chezviratidzo zvakanyorwa hazvigone kuratidza zvakajeka kusashanda chaiko, saka ngatizvitarisei zvakadzama mumamiriro ekuputsika kunobvira.

Injini haisati yatanga zvachose

Kana, kana moto ukadzingirwa uye kiyi yakatendeudzirwa kunzvimbo iyo tangi inobatidzwa, iyo yekupedzisira inoshanda, uye simba remagetsi hariratidzi chero zviratidzo zvehupenyu zvachose, izvi zvinogona kunge zviri humbowo hwekutadza:

kuvesa coils;
distributor;
interrupter;
ignition circuits;
pombi yemafuta;
carburetor.

Kana chiratidzo chakadaro chikawanikwa, usakurumidza kuchinja chero ipi zvayo yemagetsi emagetsi, kana kuparadzanisa carburetor. Kutanga, ita shuwa kuti iyo voltage kubva kubhatiri inopihwa kune coil, distributor, distributor, spark plugs. Mushure maizvozvi, unogona kutotanga kuongorora pombi yemafuta uye carburetor.

Kusagadzikana kusina basa

Muchiitiko ichi, kusashanda kunogonawo kukonzerwa nezvinetso mumagadzirirwo maviri: simba uye kupisa. Kuputsika kwakajairika kunoperekedzwa nechiratidzo ichi kunosanganisira:

kukundikana kwe carburetor solenoid valve;
kuvhara kwesefa yemafuta painopinza kune carburetor;
kuvhara kwemafuta kana jets dzemhepo;
kutyorwa kwekutonga kwehutano uye huwandu hwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa;
kukundikana kweimwe kana kupfuura spark plugs;
kupisa kwemabatirwo eiyo ignition distributor, distributor cover, slider;
kuputsika kweiyo-inotakura core (insulation breakdown) yeimwe kana kupfuura yakakwirira-voltage waya.

Pano, sezvakaitika kare, zviri nani kutanga kutsvaga dambudziko nekutarisa iyo ignition system.

Yakaderedzwa injini simba

Iyo magetsi unit inogona kurasikirwa nemaitiro ayo emagetsi nekuda kwe:

kusashanda kwepombi yemafuta;
kuvharwa kwesefa yemafuta kana mutsara wemafuta;
kutyorwa kwekutonga kwehutano hwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa;
kuwedzera mukaha pakati pevanobatana neanopwanya;
kugadziriswa kusina kunaka kwevhavha nguva kana nguva yekudzima;
kupfeka kwezvinhu zveboka repiston.

Kana kuderera kwesimba uye hunhu hwekuita kwesimba remagetsi ukaonekwa, chekutanga chekutarisa kana mamaki egasi rekugovera dhiraivha rinoenderana, uye zvakare kana nguva yekubatidza yakarongedzwa nemazvo. Tevere, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti gap riri pakati pevanobatika nemugovera rakanyatsogadziriswa. Mushure maizvozvi, unogona kutotanga kutarisa pombi yemafuta, sefa uye carburetor. Kana kudonha kwesimba reinjini kunoperekedzwa nehutsi chena hwakakora kubva papombi yekuburitsa, kutaridzika kwemafuta emulsion mumhepo sefa imba, ichi chiratidzo chakajeka chekupfeka kana kukuvadzwa kune zvikamu zveboka repiston.

Overheating

Kutyora kweyakajairwa tembiricha hutongi hunogona kuwonekwa nekutarisa maitiro emuseve pane tembiricha geji iri pane chiridzwa chemotokari. Kana yakanyanyisa, inoenda kune chikamu chitsvuku chechiyero. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakaoma, iyo inotonhorera inongofashaira. Pasina mamiriro ezvinhu iwe unofanirwa kuramba uchityaira nekusashanda kwakadaro. Izvi zvinozotungamira kune, zvishoma, kupisa silinda musoro gasket.

Kupisa kweinjini kunogona kukonzerwa ne:

thermostat malfunction (kuvhara kufamba kwemvura kuburikidza neradiator inotonhora);
kuparara kwepombi yemvura (pombi);
yakaderera mwero wekutonhora muhurongwa (depressurization, inotonhorera kuvuza);
kusashanda zvakanaka kweiyo radiator (kuvhara machubhu, kunze lamellas);
rakaputsika radiator fan drive bhandi.

Waona kuti injini yemotokari yatanga kupisa, danho rekutanga nderekutarisa inotonhorera mutangi rekuwedzera. Tevere, iwe unofanirwa kuona kana iyo thermostat yakavhurika kune yakakura denderedzwa. Kuti uite izvi, ingobata mapaipi e radiator. Neinjini inodziya, ivo vese vanofanirwa kunge vachipisa. Kana kumusoro kuchipisa uye pasi kuchitonhora, thermostat haina kukwana uye inoda kutsiviwa.

Zvinenge zvisingabviri kuona kusashanda kwepombi pasina kuibvisa, saka iyi sarudzo ndiyo yakasara yekupedzisira. Asi kuita kwefani kuri nyore kuziva. Pa "penny" ine motokari yekusingaperi. Iyo impeller yayo inofambiswa neV-bhandi kubva ku crankshaft pulley. Nenzira, bhanhire iri rinovimbisawo kushanda kwepombi yemvura, saka kana ikaputsika, nodes mbiri dzegadziriro yekutonhora dzichakundikana kamwechete.

Extraneous ruzha muinjini

Injini yemotokari pachayo inzira yakaoma yakaoma inoita ruzha rwakasiyana-siyana panguva yekushanda. Hazvibviri kuti munhu asina ruzivo aone nenzeve kusashanda kwesimba remagetsi, asi nyanzvi, kunyange pasina mimwe michina, inogona kukuudza kuti rudzii rweruzha rwakanyanya uye kuti rinoratidza rudzii rwekuparara. Kune VAZ 2101, zvinotevera zvinonzwika zvinonzwika zvinogona kusiyaniswa:

kugogodza kwemavharuvhu;
kugogodza huru kana kubatanidza tsvimbo;
kurira kwepiston piston;
kurira kukuru kweketani yenguva.

Kugogodza kwevhavha kunogona kuitika nekuda kwekuwedzera kubvumidzwa mumagetsi evharuvhu, zvitubu zvevharuvhu zvakasakara, makamera akapfekwa ecamshaft. Dambudziko rakafanana rinogadziriswa nekugadzirisa mavhavha, kutsiva zvitubu, kudzorera kana kutsiva camshaft.

Iyo crankshaft huru uye yekubatanidza tsvimbo mabhengi anogona zvakare kuita ruzha rwekugogodza. Kusashanda kwakadaro kunogona kuratidza kuderera kwemafuta muhurongwa, kuwedzera kwemvumo pakati pemabheji uye mapepanhau ekubatanidza tsvimbo, uye kupera kwakanyanya kwemabheri pachavo.

Piston mapini anowanzo kugogodza nechikonzero chimwe - iyo isiriyo yakasetwa yekudzima kona. Kugogodza kwavo kunoratidza kuti musanganiswa wemafuta emhepo unobatidza nekukurumidza, izvo zvinoita kuti detonation process mumakamuri ekupisa. Zvakakwana "kunonoka" kupisa zvishoma nekutendeutsa muparidzi wachi, uye dambudziko rinopera.

Iyo ketani yenguva haigone asi kurira paunenge uchityaira, asi ruzha rwakanyanya chiratidzo chekutambanudza kana kuparara kwedamper. Kuputsika kwakadaro kunobviswa nekutsiva damper kana tensioner shoe.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve VAZ 2101 ignition system: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/elektrooborudovanie/zazhiganie/kak-vystavit-zazhiganie-na-vaz-2101.html

Mucheno wakakora

Injini inoshanda mumamiriro ekunze akaoma haiputi. Muchando kana kunaya, kupera kunove kwakaoma zvakanyanya nekuda kwe condensate. Izvi zvakajairika. Asi kana gobvu jena (mune dzimwe nguva bluish) utsi huchibuda mupombi yekuburitsa, zvisinei nemamiriro ekunze, kazhinji pane kupfeka pamapistoni mhete, uye pamwe mapistoni pachawo ane humburumbira madziro. Muchiitiko ichi, mafuta anopinda mumasilinda uye anopisa kunze, uye iyo isingapisi inodzingwa kuburikidza ne carburetor mumhepo filter housing. Ndiwo girizi yakatsva inoumba chiutsi chichena chimwechete. Uye zvakare, kana zvikamu zveboka repiston zvapfekwa, gasi rekupedza simba rinogona kupinda murubrication system, richigadzira kudzvanya kwakawanda ipapo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, oiri inogona kutobuda nepaburi re dipstick. Pane nzira imwe chete yekubuda - kugadzirisa injini.

Asi handizvo zvoga. Kupera kwakachena zvakare chiratidzo chehumburumbira musoro gasket kukuvadzwa, umo inotonhorera inotenderera mujasi inotonhorera inopinda mumakamuri ekupisa. Kusashanda uku kunogara kuchiperekedzwa nemagasi emhepo anopinda mutangi rekuwedzera. Saka, kana iwe ukaona utsi huchena, usanyanya kuva neusimbe kutarisa mutangi. Kunhuwa kwekuneta uye mabhuru emhepo anonongedza iwe munzira chaiyo mukutsvaga kuparara.

Kugadziriswa kweinjini yeVAZ 2101

Kugadziriswa kwe "penny" simba unit, inobatanidza nekutsiviwa kwezvinhu zveboka repiston, pamwe chete nezvikamu zve crankshaft, inoitwa mushure mokunge yabviswa mumotokari. Kana iri gearbox, haigoni kubviswa. Funga nezve nzira iri nyore yekubvisa mota isina giya bhokisi.

Kubvisa VAZ 2101 injini

Kuti ubvise injini yeVAZ 2101, iwe uchada:

garaji rine gomba rekuona uye hoist (kusimudza mudziyo);
seti yezvipanera uye screwdrivers;
mudziyo wekuunganidzira chinotonhorera nehuwandu hunosvika 5 litres;
chiratidzo kana chidimbu chechoko;
magumbeze maviri ekare (zvivharo) kudzivirira mafenda emberi emotokari pakubvisa injini kubva mukamuri reinjini.

Kurongeka kwebasa kunotevera:

Tinotyaira motokari kune gomba rekuongorora.
Isu tinobvisa hood kubva kumutumbi wemotokari nekusunungura nzungu dzekusunga kwayo kune canopies. Kuti urege kutambura gare gare nekuisa mapeji evhavha, tisati tabvisa, tinotenderedza canopies pamwe chete necontour nemucherechedzo. Aya mamakisi achakubatsira iwe kuisa hood munzvimbo yayaive kare.
Isu tinovhara mafenda emberi emota negumbeze.
Isu tinodonhedza inotonhorera kubva muvhavhavha yevhavha nekusunungura plug yekudonhedza uye kutsiva gaba rakagadzirirwa rakagadzirirwa rakaoma pasi payo.
Usati wabvisa injini, iva nechokwadi chekubvisa chinotonhorera
Isu tinosunungura zvisungo pamapombi anoenda kune radiator kumativi ose. Isu tinobvisa mhuno, tibvise parutivi.
Kuti ubvise mapaipi, iwe unofanirwa kusunungura zvisungo zvekutsanya kwavo.
Isu tinobvisa waya kubva kune spark plugs, muparadzi, mafuta anomanikidza sensor, abvise.
Sunungura zvisungo pamitsara yemafuta. Isu tinobvisa mahosi kubva kumugwagwa mukuru kuenda kune pombi yemafuta, sefa uye carburetor.
Mitsara yemafuta inodzivirirwa nemagetsi
Isu tinobvisa pombi yekupinda kubva kune yakawanda yekuburitsa nekusunungura makungu maviri pamatanda.
Kuti ubvise pombi yekupinda, bvisa nzungu mbiri
Bvisa materminals kubva mubhatiri uye woibvisa.
Sunungura nzungu nhatu kuchengetedza chinotangisa. Isu tinobvisa mutangi, bvisa.
Iyo yekutanga inosungirirwa nenzungu nhatu.
Isu tinosunungura mabhaudhi maviri epamusoro kuchengetedza giya bhokisi kunjini.
Chikamu chepamusoro chebhokisi chegiya chinogadziriswa nemabhoti maviri
Sunungura zvisungo zvepombi dzehiyata. Bvisa mapaipi.
Mapombi echitofu akasungirirwawo nezvisungo.
Isu tinobvisa iyo throttle uye air damper inotyaira pane carburetor.
Isu tinodzika mugomba rekuongorora uye tinobvisa clutch muranda silinda. Kuti uite izvi, bvisa chitubu chekubatanidza uye usunungure mabhoti maviri ekusunga kwayo. Isa silinda parutivi.
Bvisa mabhaudhi egiya repasi maviri epasi.
Iyo gearbox yakabatanidzwa zvakare kuzasi nemabhaudhi maviri.
Isu tinosunungura zviputi zvina kuchengetedza chivharo chekudzivirira.
Chivharo chinobatwa nemabhaudhi mana.
Isu tinokurura nzungu tichichengetedza injini kune zvese zvinotsigira.
Injini inoiswa pazvitsigiro zviviri
Tinokanda mabhanhire (ngetani) ehoist pane simba remagetsi. Isu tinotarisa kuvimbika kwekutora.
Isu tinobatidza giya rekutanga uye tinyatso tanga kusimudza mota ne hoist, tichiedza kuizunungusa zvishoma, tichiibvisa kubva kuvatungamiriri.
Nzira iri nyore yekusimudza injini ndeyemagetsi.
Nyatsosimudza injini uye kuidzikisa pasi. Kuti zvive nyore, inogona kuiswa patafura, workbench kana imwe nzvimbo.

Vhidhiyo: sei kubvisa VAZ 2101 injini

Kubvisa injini yeVAZ-2101.

Ona vhidhiyo iyi paYouTube

Kutsiva maearbuds

Kuti utsive mabhanhire, iwe uchada seti ye wrenches uye screwdrivers, pamwe chete ne torque wrench.

Kutsiva zvindori, unofanira:

Chenesa injini kubva kune tsvina, mafuta anodonha.
Bvisa mafuta kubva pani yemafuta nekusunungura plug yekudhonza ne 12 hex wrench.
Kuti ubvise mafuta kubva kune sump, unofanirwa kusunungura plug ne 12 hex wrench.
Bvisa pani nekusunungura mabhaudhi ese gumi nemaviri akatenderedza perimeter yayo nechipanera gumi.
Bvisa iyo carburetor uye ignition distributor kubva injini.
Uchishandisa 10mm socket wrench, sunungura nzungu dzese sere kuchengetedza humburumbira yemusoro kavha.
Chivharo chinosungirirwa nemabhoti masere.
Bvisa chivharo kubva pamapini.
Bvisa chivharo gasket.
A gasket yakaiswa pakati pemusoro uye chivharo
Uchishandisa hombe yakatsvetwa screwdriver kana chisel, bhenda washer yekukiya yecamshaft sprocket bolt.
Nyeredzi inogadziriswa nebhaudhi ine washer inopeta
Vhura bhaudhi nechipanera 17 wochibvisa nemawachi.
Bhaudhi rekusungirira harina kuvharwa nekiyi ye17
Bvisa time chain tensioner nekusunungura nzungu mbiri ne 10 wrench.
Iyo tensioner inobatwa nenzungu mbiri.
Bvisa nyeredzi pamwe chete neketani.
Uchishandisa 13 socket wrench, sunungura nzungu kuchengetedza camshaft inotakura imba (9 pcs).
Imba inotakura inochengetedzwa nemabhoti mapfumbamwe.
Bvisa imba kubva kune studs pamwe chete necamshaft.
Uchishandisa 14 wrench, sunungura tsvimbo yekubatanidza tsvimbo.
Kavha imwe neimwe inobatwa nenzungu mbiri.
Bvisa zvivharo nekuisa.
Mabhushi anowanikwa pasi pezvivharo zvekubatanidza tsvimbo.
Bvisa matanda ese ekubatanidza kubva ku crankshaft, bvisa ese ma liner.
Uchishandisa 17 wrench, sunungura mabhaudhi emakapu makuru anotakura.
Bvisa zvivharo zvinotakura uye bvisa zvindori zvekukanda (iyo yepamberi inogadzirwa nesimbi yesimbi nealuminium, uye yekumashure inogadzirwa nesimbi yakasvibiswa).
A - simbi-aluminium, B - cermet
Bvisa magomba makuru anotakura kubva kumavharo uye cylinder block.
Iwo makuru anotakura magomba anowanikwa mucylinder block
Bvisa crankshaft kubva pamucheka, usuke muparafini, uipukuta nemucheka wakaoma, wakachena.
Isa mabearings matsva uye thrust washers.
A - chikuru, B - tsvimbo yekubatanidza
Zora iyo huru uye yekubatanidza tsvimbo majenari e crankshaft nemafuta einjini, isa crankshaft mucylinder block.
Isa zvivharo zvinotakura zvivharo, simbisa mabhaudhi avo ne torque wrench, uchitarisa kuomesa torque pa 68,4-84,3 Nm.
Isa matanda ekubatanidza ane liner pane crankshaft. Nyora uye simbisa nzungu kusvika 43,4 - 53,4 Nm.
Unganidzazve injini mune reverse order.

Zvimwe nezveVAZ 2101 carburetor: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/toplivnaya-sistema/karbyurator-vaz-2101.html

Kutsiva mhete dzepiston

Kuti utsive zvindori, iwe uchada maturusi akafanana, vise ine workbench, uyewo mandrel anokosha ekumanikidza pistons panguva yekuisa.