Zvakanakira uye zvakaipira kumisa mhepo yemotokari
Zviri mukati
Basa rezvinhu elastic rinoitwa nepneumatic cylinders yakagadzirwa nemultilayer dense rubber. Vanoiswa imwe pavhiri. Chimiro chemasilinda chakafanana ne "mapiritsi", anosanganisira zvikamu zvakawanda. Basa guru rezvinhu izvi nderokuchengetedza motokari pakukwirira kwayo pamusoro pemugwagwa.
Kumiswa kwemhepo kwemotokari kunovimbisa kuchengeteka uye kunyaradza paunenge uchityaira. Nekushanda kwakakodzera, inotora nguva yakareba uye inobhadhara zvakakwana mari. Kune akati wandei marudzi ekumisa mhepo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekugadzira uye kutonga maficha.
Chii chinonzi "pneumatics"
Kushanda kweiyo pneumatic system mumotokari kunobva pane zvenyama zvemweya wakamanikidzwa. Muindasitiri yemotokari, izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka uye kunyaradza, pamwe nekupa mimwe michina.
Iyi nheyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukumiswa, mabhureki uye clutch system.
Izvo zvakakosha zve "pneumatics":
- Iyo tekinoroji yakareruka yemayuniti uye iyo chaiyo musimboti weiyo system.
- Hapana zvakakosha zvinhu zvinodiwa pakushanda - mhepo yemuchadenga "inoita" mabasa ese.
- Economic purofiti yekuisa.
- Chengetedzo.
Pneumatic suspensions mukutakura haina kuwanda kupfuura iyo hydraulic. Ivo vanonyanya kuiswa pamarori ekutengesa uye mota dzekutanga.
Mhando dzekumiswa kwemhepo
Kumiswa kwemhepo kwemotokari kune marudzi matatu - single-circuit, double-circuit uye ina-circuit.
Rudzi rwekutanga rwekumiswa inoiswa pamberi kana kumashure ekisero yemota. Yakanyatsokodzera mapikicha nemarori. Kureba kwechigaro uye elasticity yekumiswa kunogona kugadziriswa. Mamwe masisitimu anouya neyakavakirwa-mukati inogamuchira. Mhepo inopinda mumasilinda kusvika padanho rinodiwa rekumanikidza rasvika. Kana pasina mugamuchiri mumhepo kumiswa, mhepo kubva compressor inoenda zvakananga kune pneumatic elements. Iwe unogona kuderedza chiyero chekumanikidza nevhavha.
Mhando dzekumiswa kwemhepo
Dual-circuit masisitimu akaiswa pa1 kana 2 axles. Iwo pluses anosanganisira:
- yakakwirira mutoro simba;
- kuderedza njodzi yekuwira parutivi rwako paunenge uchityaira panzira dzakapinza;
- kunyange kugoverwa kwehuremu hwemuchina.
Mukuwedzera kune jeep uye marori, rudzi rwakafanana rwekumiswa runoiswa pakugadzirisa motokari dzeVAZ.
Iyo yakanakisa kumisa mhepo nzira inoonekwa seina-dunhu. Iyo yakaiswa pamaaxle ese emuchina uye inofanirwa kunge iine inogamuchira. Electronic pressure level control inoshandiswa.
Zvakanakira zve4-loop kumiswa:
- kusununguka kwekuchinja kubviswa kwevhu;
- kudzvinyirira kugadzirisa zvichienderana nemugwagwa wepamusoro.
Kukanganisa kwerudzi urwu ndiko kuwanda kwemaitiro.
Kuturika kwemhepo kunoshanda sei
Mhepo yekumisa mudziyo iri nyore. Mechanichan ine zvikamu zvakati wandei:
- Pneumopillows (elastic elements).
- Receiver.
- Compressor.
- Kudzora system.
Iyo compressor inozadza pneumatic cylinders nemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Uyezve, node iyi ine zvikamu zvakawanda:
- mota yemagetsi;
- electromagnetic valves - vanogovera gasi rakamanikidzwa pamwe chete nedunhu;
- air dryer.
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemavharuvhu ari mumhepo kuturika, compressor inflates elastic elements imwe neimwe kana maviri maviri. Mhepo haisvike ipapo zvakananga, asi kuburikidza nemugamuchiri. Ichi chikamu chinoita senge tangi yesimbi ine huwandu hwematatu kusvika gumi malita. Mhepo inoputirwa pano, iyo inobva yapinda mumasilinda kuburikidza nemagetsi e-solenoid. Basa guru remugamuchiri nderokugadzirisa kudzvinyirira mukusimwa pasina kushandisa compressor.
Kushanda kweiyo kumiswa kwemhepo kunodzorwa nea control system ine akati wandei ma sensors:
- kuwedzera kwemotokari;
- kudzvinyirira mupneumatic system;
- pombi tembiricha;
- nzvimbo yemotokari pamusoro pemugwagwa.
Iyo data kubva kuma sensors inogadziriswa neiyo control unit uye inotumira masaini kumatare makuru ehurongwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira compressor relays uye pressure control valves.
Manual uye otomatiki mhepo kuturika modes
Kukwirira kureba kunogona kudzorwa nemaoko kana otomatiki. Muchiitiko chekutanga, kucheneswa kunogadziriswa nemagetsi ekudzora system. Mune yechipiri, mutyairi anoisa clearance manually.
Manual uye otomatiki mhepo kuturika modes
Automatic control mode yakagadzirirwa kudzora:
- ground clearance;
- kumhanya kwemotokari;
- kukurumidza kwemotokari paunenge uchityaira;
- mwero wekurerekera paunenge uchityaira uchikwira kana pasi;
- nhanho yemupumburu pakutendeuka kwakapinza;
- kumiswa kuoma.
Iko kushanda kweiyo otomatiki system kunokanganisa zvakananga nekumhanya kwekutyaira. Kana motokari ichienda nokukurumidza, kubviswa kwevhu kunoderera, asi kunonoka, kunowedzera.
Manual control inokubvumira kuti uchinje kuoma kwekumiswa uye kubviswa.
Zvakanakira nekuipira kumiswa kwemhepo
Kumiswa kwemhepo kwemotokari kuri kuwedzera kukurumbira. Iye zvino vanoiswa kwete chete pamarori anorema, asiwo pamotokari dzepamusoro. Zvakanakira iyo system zvinosanganisira:
- Yakakura clearance gadziriso renji uye yakagadziridzwa mota patency.
- Tsigiro yekubvumidzwa kwevhu, zvisinei nemutoro uri pamotokari.
- Minimal roll yemota painokona.
- Kubata kwakanaka pazvikamu zvakaoma zvemugwagwa.
- Yakaderedzwa kupfeka pazvitubu zvekuvhunduka.
Kunewo zvishoma pasi pasi. Kusimwa kwemhepo kunofanira kucheneswa nguva dzose kudzivirira kukanganisa kune zvikamu zvikuru. Mukuwedzera, ma cushion erabha anogona kubuda mweya uye kubvaruka. Kune vamwe varidzi, kusakosha kwakanyanya kudhura kugadzirisa.
