Nei mota dzemagetsi dzichienda kubva ku12 kusvika ku800 volts?

Anenge hapana munhu anofungidzira kuti mota dzemagetsi dzichakurumidza kuve huru mota. Uye chimwe chezviitiko zvakakosha ndechekuchinja kukuru kwemotokari kuenda ku800-volt system. Nei izvi zvichinyanya kukosha uye, muchokwadi, zvisingadzivisike?

Icho chikonzero chekushandisa yakakwira voltage

Vanhu vazhinji havasati vanzwisisa kuti sei vagadziri vemotokari vaifanira kushandura mota dzemagetsi kubva kune yakajairwa 12-volt dunhu kuenda, toti, 24 volts, uye mune dzimwe nguva zvakatonyanya, kune chikuva chemazana akati wandei volts. Kutaura zvazviri, pane tsananguro dzine musoro dzeizvi.

Yese yakazara-yakazara mota yemagetsi haifungidzike pasina yakakwira voltage. Motokari dzakawanda dzemagetsi dzakakwana dzine mabhatiri ane simba rekushanda re400 volts. Izvi zvinosanganisira mhando dzeiyo trendsetter mumafashoni emagetsi - iyo American brand Tesla.

Iyo yakakwira iyo voltage inoshandiswa ne mota, iyo inowedzera simba ichave iri. Pamwe chete nesimba, mari yekuchaja inowedzerawo. Denderedzwa rinotyisa rinomanikidza vagadziri kugadzira masystem emagetsi matsva.

Zvino, zvinogona kupikiswa kuti kambani yaElon Musk ichakurumidza kubviswa muOlympus yemotokari dzemagetsi. Uye chikonzero cheichi kuvandudzwa kwemaGerman mainjiniya. Asi zvese zviri mugwara.

Nei mota dzemagetsi dzichiri kusashandiswa zvakanyanya?

Kutanga, ngatipindurei mubvunzo, ndechipi chipingaidzo chikuru pakushandisa kukuru kwemotokari dzemagetsi kunze kwemutengo wavo wakakwira? Haisi ingori nharaunda isina kugadzikana yekuchaja zvivakwa. Vatengi vanonetsekana nezvezvinhu zviviri: ndeipi mileage yemotokari yemagetsi pane chaji imwechete uye zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kubhadharisa bhatiri. Zviri mune izvi parameter ndipo panokosha kiyi yemoyo yevatengi.

Iyo yese yemagetsi network yemotokari inochengetedza zvakatipoteredza yakabatana nebhatiri iro rinopa injini injini (imwe kana kupfuura). Ndiyo bhatiri inobhadharisa inosarudzira madimikira ekutanga emota. Simba remagetsi rinoyerwa mumawatts uye rinoverengerwa nekuwanza magetsi neazvino. Kuti uwedzere mutero webhatiri wemotokari yemagetsi, kana kubhadharisa kwainogona kutora, unofanirwa kuwedzera iwo magetsi kana amperage.

Ndezvipi zvakaipira yakakwirira voltage

Iko kuwedzera kwezvazvino kuri kunetsa: izvi zvinotungamira mukushandiswa kwetambo dzinorema uye dzinorema nekuvhara kwakakora Pamusoro pehuremu uye kukura, tambo dzakakwirira dzemagetsi dzinoburitsa yakawanda yekupisa.

Izvo zvinonzwisisika zvakanyanya kuwedzera iyo yekushandisa voltage yeiyo system. Izvi zvinopa chii mukuita? Nekuwedzera iwo magetsi kubva ku400 kusvika ku800 volts, iwe unogona kuita zvakapetwa simba rekushandisa kana kudzikisa hafu saizi yebhatiri uchichengetedza imwecheteyo mashandiro emota. Imwe bharanzi inogona kuwanikwa pakati pehunhu uhu.

Kutanga yakakwirira voltage modhi

Kambani yekutanga yekuchinjisa kune 800-volt chikuva yaive Porsche pamwe nekumisikidzwa kwemagetsi Taycan modhi. Iye zvino tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti mamwe mabhuru eprimiyamu achakurumidza kujoina iyo kambani yeGerman, uyezve mhando dzemhando. Kuchinjira kuma800 volts kunowedzera simba uku uchimhanyisa kuchaja panguva imwe chete.

Iyo yepamusoro yekushandisa voltage yeiyo Porsche Taycan bhatiri inobvumidza kushandiswa kwema 350 kW majaja. Ivo vakatogadzirwa neIonity uye vari kuiswa nesimba muEurope. Icho hunyengeri ndechekuti navo unogona kuchaja 800 volt bhatiri kuenda ku80% mumaminetsi gumi nemashanu chete. Izvi zvakakwana kutyaira anenge 15-20 km. Kuvandudza mabhatiri kunotungamira kuchokwadi chekuti mushure memakore mashanu nguva yekuchaja ichaderedzwa kuita isingakoshe maminetsi gumi, sekutaura kwenyanzvi.

Iyo 800-volt architecture inotarisirwa kuve chiyero chemotokari zhinji dzemagetsi, zvirinani muGran Turismo bhatiri chikamu. Lamborghini iri kutoshanda payo pachayo muenzaniso, Ford yakaratidzawo imwe - Mustang Lithium yakawana zvinopfuura 900 horsepower uye 1355 Nm torque. South Korean Kia iri kugadzirira motokari yemagetsi ine simba ine chivakwa chakafanana. Iyo kambani inotenda kuti modhi yakavakirwa paImagine pfungwa ichakwanisa kukwikwidza nePorsche Taycan maererano nekuita. Uye kubva ipapo kusvika kune misa chikamu hafu yenhanho.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Hupenyu hwebhatiri remotokari yemagetsi chii? Avhareji yehupenyu hwebhatiri yemotokari yemagetsi ndeye 1000-1500 kubhadharisa / kuburitsa mitsetse. Asi chiratidzo chakanyatsojeka chinoenderana nerudzi rwebhatiri.

Mangani mavolts ari mumotokari yemagetsi? Mumhando dzakawanda dzemotokari dzemazuva ano dzemagetsi, simba rekushanda reimwe nodes ye-on-board network ndeye 400-450 volts. Naizvozvo, chiyero chekuchaja bhatiri ndeye 500V.

Ndeapi mabhatiri anoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi? Motokari dzemazuva ano dzemagetsi dzinonyanya kushandisa mabhatiri e-lithium-ion. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuisa aluminium-ion, lithium-sarufa kana simbi-mhepo bhatiri.