Airbus uye Boeing kugadzira makwikwi muna 2018

Iyo inotevera-chizvarwa Boeing 777-9X prototype yakaunganidzwa paEverett chirimwa. Mifananidzo ye Boeing

Gore rakapera, vaviri vagadziri vakuru, Airbus neBoeing, vakaendesa rekodhi 1606 ndege dzekutengesa kune ndege uye vakagamuchira 1640 net mirairo. Pamberi peBoeing mukutakura kwepagore uye kutengesa, asi Airbus ine hombe bhuku reodha. Nhamba yezvibvumirano zvendege yakawedzera kusvika ku13,45 zviuru zvezvikamu, izvo, pamwero wezvino wekugadzirwa, unoupa kwemakore masere. Anonyanya kufarirwa ndeaya A320neo uye Boeing 737 MAX akatevedzana, ayo akawana zita reiyo ndege inotengeswa zvakanyanya munhoroondo.

Kutakura nendege iindasitiri inosimudzira yekufambisa, asi inoda mari hombe yemari uye vashandi vane hunyanzvi. Zvifambiso zvepasi rose zvinoitwa nendege dzinopfuura zviuru zviviri nendege yendege ye29,3 zviuru zvevanhu. ndege. Huwandu hwekufamba nechikepe huri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye huwandu hwevafambi huri kuwedzera zvakapetwa makore mashoma ega ega. Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekusimudzira, ngarava dzinofanirwa kuwedzera nhamba. Pamusoro pezvo, mitemo iri kuramba ichiomesera yezvakatipoteredza uye mitengo yemafuta ejeti iri kumanikidza vatakuri kuti vabvise ndege dzinodhura. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mukati memakumi maviri emakore vachatenga ndege huru 37,4 5,8 chete. zvidimbu, muhuwandu hwe $ 1870 trillion. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vagadziri vachafanirwa kuendesa ndege XNUMX kumakambani endege pagore.

Kwemakumi emakore, musika wekugadzira waitongwa neAmerican neSoviet label, uye Airbus yakapinda mumakwikwi makore makumi mana nemanomwe apfuura. Mugadziri weEurope agara achiunza ndege dzemazuva ano dzakabudirira mune zvekutengesa uye dzave dzichisimbisa nzvimbo dzadzo mumusika wepasi rose gore negore. Makwikwi uye kubatanidzwa muindasitiri yezvendege kwasiya vaviri chete vagadziri vendege huru yekutaurirana: American Boeing uye European Airbus. Kukwikwidzana kwavo inyaya inonakidza yekunetsana kwehupfumi uye tekinoroji kwave chiratidzo chemakwikwi ehupfumi pakati peUnited States neEuropean Union.

Zviitwa zvevagadziri muna 2018

Airbus neBoeing vakavaka 1606 ndege dzekutengesa gore rapfuura, kusanganisira Boeing 806 (50,2% musika mugove) uye Airbus 800, yepamusorosoro zvachose. Zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, 125 dzimwe ndege dzakagadzirwa (kuwedzera kwe8,4%), iyo: Airbus ne82, Boeing ne43. Chikamu chikuru chinoverengerwa nendege yakamanikana yeAirbus A320 uye Boeing 737 series, ayo anokwana 1206 akavakwa, ayo anoita 75% yekutakura. Idzi dzakanga dziri motokari dzemazuva ano, dzinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza, dzaisvika 340 230 motokari. zvigaro zvevafambi. Kukosha kwavo kwekatalogi kwaive madhora mazana maviri nemakumi matatu emadhora.

Vose vanogadzira vakagamuchira mirairo ye 1921 ndege, kusanganisira: Boeing - 1090, uye Airbus - 831. Zvisinei, tichifunga nezvekuregererwa kwe281 kubva kune zvibvumirano zvakapedzwa kare, kutengesa kwemumbure kwakasvika kuzvikamu zve 1640, izvo: Boeing - 893 uye Airbus - 747. zvimwe zviitiko, vatakuri vakashandura zvibvumirano zvekare kubva kumhando duku kusvika kune yakakura kana kupfuura yemazuva ano. Kukosha kwekatalogi yemirairo yenet yakagamuchirwa yaive $240,2 bhiriyoni, kusanganisira: Boeing - $143,7 bhiriyoni, Airbus - $96,5 bhiriyoni.

Nechinyakare, nhamba yakakosha yezvibvumirano zvakapedzwa mumitambo mikuru yemhepo. Semuenzaniso, paFarnborough show yegore rapfuura, Boeing yakagamuchira mirairo kana zvisungo zvendege 673 (kusanganisira 564 B737 MAX uye 52 B787), nepo Airbus yakatengesa 431 ndege, 93 dzadzo dzakasimbiswa mirairo uye 338 zvisungo. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti nhamba yakakosha yezvibvumirano inopedzwa pakupera kwegore. Panyaya yeAirbus chete, zvibvumirano zvinosungirwa zvakasainwa kune 323 ndege muvhiki yekupedzisira yegore, zvichienzaniswa ne66 chete mukota yese yekutanga. $2018M).

Pakupera kwegore ra2018, mapotifolio emirairo yakasarudzika pamakambani ese ari maviri aive ne13 zvinzvimbo, izvo, padanho razvino rekugadzira, zvinovapa anopfuura makore masere. Uyu ndiwo nhamba yepamusoro-soro munhoroondo yeindasitiri yezvendege pasi rose. Kukosha kwekatalogi yendege yakabatirwa inofungidzirwa kudarika $450 trillion. Kuenzanisa, zvakakodzera kutaura pano kuti izvi zvakapetwa katatu kupfuura, semuenzaniso, GDP yePoland. Airbus ine hombe odha bhuku - 2,0 7577 (56% share). Pakati pe ndege dzakamirira kutengeswa, nhamba huru yendege dzakatetepa-muviri ndeye 11,2. pcs (84% yemusika). Kune rumwe rutivi, makirasi makuru eVLA (anopfuura zvigaro zve400 kana ane kutakura zvakaenzana) anongova 111 chete, uye izvi zvakanyanya Airbus A380.

Mhedzisiro yekugadzira Airbus

Pasinei nematambudziko makuru ekushanda, Airbus yakakwanisa kuchengetedza maitiro aya nekusimudzira kugadzirwa zvakare uye nekupa nhamba yerekodhi yendege kune vatengi muna 2018. Ndinoda kuratidza kuyemura neruremekedzo rwangu kuzvikwata zvedu pasi rose. Tine chikwereti ichi chekuedza kwavo uye kushanda nesimba kusvika pamazuva ekupedzisira egore. Isu hatisi kufara zvishoma nehuwandu hwakasimba hwemirairo mitsva, sezvo izvi zvichiratidza mamiriro akanaka emusika wendege wevanhu uye kuvimba kunoiswa matiri makondirakiti. Ndinoda kuvatenda noushamwari nokuramba vachinditsigira. "Mukutsvaga mhinduro dzinozotigonesa kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemafekitori edu, tinoramba tichiisa pamberi pedigitization yebhizinesi redu," akadaro Guillaume Faury, Mutungamiriri weAirbus Commercial Aircraft, achizivisa mhedzisiro yegore rapfuura.

Gore rakapera raive rimwe gore rakanaka kune Airbus. Mugadziri weEurope akaendesa ndege dze93 kune 800 vanoshanda, inomiririra 49,8% yemusika wepasi rose wevagadziri vendege vane huwandu hwezvigaro zana kana kupfuura. Ichi ndicho chigumisiro chakanakisisa munhoroondo ye consortium, pamwe chete nekuwedzera kwegumi nematanhatu kwakatevedzana mukugadzirwa. Zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, dzimwe ndege 100 dzakavakwa. Nekudaro, kana uchiongorora mhedzisiro yekushanda, inofanirwa kuverengerwa kuti muhafu yechipiri yegore Airbus yakawana migove mukambani yeCanada inogadzira uye inotengesa Bombardier CSeries.

Muchikamu chendege-yakatetepa, Airbus yakaisa rekodhi yenyika itsva yekutakura: 646, kubva pa558 gore rapfuura. Kuendeswa kwemotokari yakafara-muviri kwakasvika 142 uye kwaiva 18 zvikamu zvakaderera, nhamba yeA350s yakavakwa yakawedzera ne15, kubva pa78 kusvika ku93 units, uye A330 yakaderera kubva ku67 kusvika ku49 units, kubva ku380 kusvika ku15 units.

Kukosha kwekatalogi yendege yakavakwa inofungidzirwa kunge inosvika US$110 bhiriyoni, asi kukosha chaiko kwakawanikwa mushure mekutaurirana uye kuderedzwa kwakajairwa kunosvika US$60-70 bhiriyoni. Nekuda kwezvinetso neinjini dzeA320neo/A321neo uye kutakura kwavo kusinganzwisisike, pamwe nematambudziko emidziyo yebhodhi, nhamba dzepamwedzi dzekutapurirana dzakasiyana zvakanyanya. Airbus yakapa ndege makumi maviri nenomwe muna Ndira, makumi matatu nemasere muna Kukadzi, makumi mashanu neshanu munaKurume, uye 27 muna Zvita.

Ndege yakaunzwa kune vanoishandisa (800 mayunitsi) aive mune zvinotevera kugadziridzwa: A220-100 - 4 mayuniti, A220-300 - 16, A319ceo - 8, A320ceo - 133, A320neo - 284, A321ceo - 99, A321 - 102, A330 -- . 200 - 14, A330-300 - 32, A330-900 - 3, A350-900 - 79, A350-1000 - 14 uye A380 - 12. Vatengi vakuru vakagamuchira ndege itsva zvakananga kubva kumugadziri vaiva ndege kubva kumatunhu: Asia uye zvitsuwa Pacific Ocean - 270, Europe - 135 uye North uye South America. - 110. Mukuwedzera, 250 ndege (31% share) yakagamuchirwa nemakambani ekurenda, ayo akavagovera kune vanenge gumi nevaviri vanoita pasi rose.

The European mugadziri akagamuchira mirairo kubva 32 vanoshandisa 831 ndege, kusanganisira: 712 nhete-muviri ndege (135 A220-300, 5 A319ceo, 22 A319neo, 19 A320ceo, 393 A320neo, 2 A321ceo uye 136ceo uye 321 A37 uyewo 330 A6 330) 200 A3 -330, 300 A8-330, 800 A20-330 uye 900 A62-350), 61 A350 (900 A1-350 uye 1000 A20-380) uye 117,2 A84. Pamatengo emitengo, kukosha kwemirairo yakawanikwa yaive $20,7 bhiriyoni. Nekudaro, Airbus yakarekodha makumi masere nemana kubviswa kwendege dzakambotengwa ine mutengo wekatalogi wemadhora 36 bhiriyoni. Nyaya yekusiya basa yaive: 320 A10 ndege, 330 A22 ndege, 350 A16 ndege uye 380 A747 dzakatevedzana ndege. Tichifunga nezve kugadziridzwa kwakaitwa, mambure ekutengesa akasvika 45,5 zvikamu (96,5% musika mugove). Izvi zvakare mhedzisiro yakanaka uye imwe yeakanakisa munhoroondo yeindasitiri yendege. Iyo catalogue yakakosha yeodha yakawanikwa imadhora mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu emadhora. Mambure egore rapfuura akadzikira ne25% pane yegore rapfuura (1109). IA320neo series inoramba iine mukurumbira mukuru, ine hurongwa hwemambure endege 531. Uyu muenzaniso unosimbisa musoro we "ndege inotengeswa zvakanyanya munhoroondo", nepo iyo yakafara-muviri A330 uye A350 yaifarira zvishoma kufarira kubva kune vatakuri.