Kugoverwa kwe4-stroke injini
Zviri mukati
camshaft yekudzora vharafu
Inoumbwa nemavharuvhu uye imwe kana anopfuura camshafts, kugovera ndiyo moyo we4-stroke injini. Zviri pairi kuti kushanda kwemudhudhudhu kunobva.
Kudzora kuvhurika kwakawiriraniswa nekuvhara mavharuvhu, camshaft inoshandiswa, ndiko kuti, axle inotenderera iyo iyo eccentrics yakaiswa, iyo inosundira mavharuvhu kuti anyure uye avhure kana nguva yasvika. Ivhavha haisi nguva dzose inotungamirirwa zvakananga ne camshaft (fuses). Zvechokwadi, zvose zvinoenderana nechinzvimbo chavo chine mwero. Pamajini ekutanga e4-stroke, mavharuvhu akaiswa kubva parutivi, kumusoro kumusoro, padivi pehumburumbira. Ipapo ivo vaishandiswa zvakananga necamshaft, iyo pachayo yaive pedyo neakisi ye crankshaft.
Gasi rine simba, rakaunzwa muMilan muna 2007, prototype mudhudhudhu ine padivi pevharuvhu yekuyedza injini. Yakanyanya kupusa uye compact mhinduro inoyeuchidza yakapfuura iyo yanga iri diki kana pasina pamudhudhudhu kubvira Harley Flathead yakamira muna 1951.
Kubva pamaflaps kusvika kumusoro ...
Iyo sisitimu, iyo iri nyore kwazvo, yaive neyakashata yekamuri yekupisa "yakapoteredzwa", sezvo mavharuvhu akasvika pedyo necylinder. Izvi zvakakanganiswa nekushanda kweinjini uye mavharuvhu ekutungamirira akakurumidza kuiswa. Izwi iri rinobva mukushandurwa, sezvo musoro wehumburumbira unonzi "musoro" mumitauro yakawanda yekune dzimwe nyika: semuenzaniso, Chirungu, chiGerman, chiItaly. Mune zvakatemwa, uye dzimwe nguva zvakananga pa crankcases, unogona kuona chidimbu cheChirungu "OHV", zvinoreva "Header Valves", mavharuvhu mumusoro. Iyo acronym ikozvino haichashandi, iyo inongowanikwa pamicheka yelawn sepoindi yekutengesa ...
Inogona kuita zvirinani ...
Naizvozvo, kuita kuti kamuri yekupisa iwedzere kusimba, mavharuvhu akarereka kuti aadzorere kune yakatwasuka yecylinder nepiston. Ipapo takataura nezve "fuck" injini. Kupisa kwakawedzera kushanda zvakanaka. Zvisinei, sezvo camshaft yakaramba iri panzvimbo imwe chete, matanda marefu aifanira kuiswa kuti adzore mavharuvhu, uye ipapo ma<em>rocker ( scalmers ) aifanira kuisirwa kudzoreredza kukwira kumusoro kwemakamera nekusundidzira kunodzikisa mavharuvhu.
Munguva yakapfuura, rudzi urwu rwekupararira rwakanga rwuchiri kushandiswa kunyanya paChirungu (60s-70s) uye Italian (Moto Guzzi) midhudhudhu.
OHV uye OHC
Iyo imwechete ACT (musoro camshaft) mhinduro ichiri yakanyatsokodzera masilinda ega asingamhanye zvakanyanya kumhanya, senge 650 XR pano.
Zvisinei, uremu uye nhamba yezvikamu zvinofamba zvakapetwa kaviri kukuvadza kwekutsvaga kwesimba. Chokwadi, iyo inokurumidza mavharuvhu kuvhurika uye kuvhara, iyo yakareba inogona kuramba yakavhurika, iyo inobatsira pakuzadza injini, saka torque yayo uye simba. Saizvozvowo, iyo inokurumidza injini inomhanya, iyo yakawanda "kuputika" inopa uye, naizvozvo, iyo inowedzera simba. Asi misa, kuve muvengi wekumhanyisa, aya anorema uye akaoma masisitimu akange asingagone kushanda kumashure nekudzoka. Kutaura zvazviri, takanga tine pfungwa yekusimudza camshaft mumusoro we cylinder (mumusoro seizvi ...) kubvisa marefu uye anorema rocker stems. MuChirungu tiri kutaura nezve "Inverted camshaft", iyo inopereterwa neOHC munguva pfupi. Iyo tekinoroji pakupedzisira ichiri kusvika parizvino sezvo Honda (uye Aprilia) vachiri kuishandisa nguva dzose, pamwe nezvimwe zvinogadziriswa zvinonzi "Unicam".
Unik
Iyo Unicam Honda ine ACT imwechete inodzora zvakananga mavharuvhu ekutora, nepo madiki, saka mavharuvhu emhepo akareruka anoshandisa materu.
Svondo rinouya isu tichanyatso tarisisa iyo yakapetwa ACT ...
Bhokisi: Chii chinonzi Valve Panic?
Chiitiko ichi chinofananidzwa nezvinoitika kana uto richifamba richiyambuka zambuko. Iyo cadence inofadza chimiro chebhiriji nekumhanya kunoenderana neyayo resonant modhi. Izvi zvinotungamirira kukufamba kwakakura kwazvo kwebhiriji uye, pakupedzisira, kuparadzwa kwayo. Zvakafanana nekugovera. Kana iyo yekuwedzeredza frequency yecamshaft inosvika kuwanda kwevhavha yekuvhura nekuvhara nzira, iyo system inowana mhinduro. Izvi zvinobva zvatungamira kune kusingadzoreki kufamba kwevharuvhu iyo isingachateveri camshaft profile. Muchokwadi, ivo havachavhara kana piston yasimuka ... uye bing, inorova, ichikonzera injini kudonha. Iyo yakadzikira kuwanda kwekugovera, kunowedzera iyo frequency resonant uye nekudaro inosimuka kubva painjini yekumhanyisa (kureva kumhanya kwainogona kutenderera). CQFD.
