Alignment - tarisa zvigadziriso zvekumiswa mushure mekuchinja matai

Kana mota ichikwevera kuruboshwe kana kurudyi kana uchityaira yakananga panzvimbo yakati sandara, kana kutonyanya kuipa - matai anopuruzira achichinjana, saka unofanirwa kutarisa kurongeka.

Wheel geometry inobata zvakananga kuchengetedza. Chinangwa chekugadzirisa ndechekuita kuti mota ibate zvakanyanya uye matayi uye kumiswa kusimba. Izvo zvinokanganisawo kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kutyaira kunyaradza. Pakugadzirisa vhiri geometry, chinangwa ndechekuisa iyo chaiyo camber angle uye vhiri parallelism. Makona mana makuru anochinjika: camber angle, toe angle, steering knuckle angle uye steering knuckle angle.

Onawo: Matairi ezhizha - nguva yekuchinja uye rudzii rwekutsika kwekusarudza? Guide

Camber angle

Tilt angle ndiyo yaw angle yevhiri sekutaridzirwa kumberi kwemota. Yakawandisa camber inokonzera kusaenzana kwematayi.

Positive camber ndeye apo kumusoro kwevhiri kwakazembera kure nemotokari. Yakawandisa yakanaka kona inopfeka nzvimbo yekunze yekutsika kwevhiri. Negative camber kana kumusoro kwevhiri kwakazembera kumota. Yakawandisa yakaipa angle ichapfeka mukati mekutsika kwevhiri.

Kona chaiyo yekurenda inogadzikwa kuitira kuti mavhiri emotokari arare pasi paanenge achitendeuka. Kana mutsauko uripo pakati pemakona ecamber paaxle yekumberi wakakura, mota inogara ichidhonzera padivi.

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Kurongeka kwevhiri

Chigunwe (Toe) ndiwo musiyano uri pakati pemavhiri emberi neekumashure paekisero. Chigunwe chekona chinokanganisa maitiro emotokari kana ichikona. Toe-in kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pemavhiri paekisero chiri chidiki pamberi pane chekumashure. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoita kuti motokari iite pasi kana ichipinda mukona, kureva kuti inowanzokanda kumberi kwemuviri kunze kwekona.

Onawo: Makumi akajairika emotokari yechando malfunctions - maitiro ekuita nawo? 

Zvigunwe zvezvigunwe zvakawandisa zvinoratidzika sezvipfeko zvekutsika, kutanga kumacheto ekunze. Kusiyana kunoitika kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pemavhiri paekisero kumashure chiri chidiki pane chekumberi. Divergence inokonzera oversteer mumakona, zvichireva kuti kumashure kwemota kunowanzo mhanya kunze kwekona uye kutsvedza kumberi mukona.

Kana mavhiri anosiyana, kupera kwekutsika kunotanga kubva mukati. Mhando iyi yekupfeka inonzi kupfeka uye iwe unogona kunyatsoinzwa nekumhanyisa ruoko rwako pamusoro pekutsika.

Kufambisa kona

Iyi ikona inoumbwa negumbo rekutungamirira rine mutsara wakatwasuka wakanangana nepasi, wakayerwa uchitevedza akisi yakachinjika yemotokari. Panyaya yemotokari dzine bhora remakumbo (hinges), iyi mutsara wakatwasuka unopfuura nepakati peaxis yekutenderera kwezviputi izvi kana uchitendeuka.

Chinhambwe chezvibodzwa zvakaumbwa nechikamu kuburikidza nendege yenzira yeaxis: pini yekutungamirira uye camber, inonzi inotenderera radius. The turning radius yakanaka kana mharadzano yematemo aya iri pazasi penzira. Ukuwo, isu tinodzikira sei kana vakarara kumusoro.

Kugadziriswa kweparameter iyi kunokwanisika chete panguva imwe chete nekugadziriswa kwekona yekutenderera kwevhiri. Motokari dzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa radius inoshandura isina kunaka, iyo inokubvumira kuti utyaire wakananga kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge wakuvadzwa..

Onawo: Kumiswa kwemotokari - ongororo mushure mechando nhanho nhanho. Guide 

Kufambisa kona

Kuwedzerwa kwepini yepini kunokonzera nguva yakagadzikana kubva kune lateral reactions yepasi, iyo inobatsira kudzikamisa mavhiri anotungamirirwa, kunyanya pakumhanya kukuru uye nehombe yekutendeuka.

Kona iyi inotsanangurwa ichinzi positive (steering knuckle in) kana poindi yemharadzano yepivot axis nemugwagwa iri pamberi pepanosangana vhiri nemugwagwa. Nekune rimwe divi, stall (knuckle braking angle) inoitika kana poindi yemharadzano yeakisi yedhiraivha nemugwagwa inoitika mushure mekusangana kwevhiri nemugwagwa.

Kunyatso kuseta vhiri rekumberi kunobvumira mavhiri emota kuti adzoke otomatiki panzvimbo yakatwasuka mushure mekutendeuka kwaitwa.

Dzvanya kuti uone mapikicha ekugadzirisa camber

Kurasika kwekugadzirisa mavhiri

Shanduko yejometri yemavhiri emota, kunyangwe zvisingaite, inogona kukonzerwa nekurova muvharo kana kurovera gomba munzira nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Uyezve, kushanda kwemotokari pamakomba, kushata kwemugwagwa kunoreva kuti matambudziko nekugadzirisa mavhiri achawedzera nekufamba kwenguva. Wheel alignment yakatyokawo nekuda kwetsaona iyi.

Asi kurongeka kwevhiri kunogona kuchinja panguva yekushandiswa kwakajairika. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekupfeka kwakajairwa kwezvinhu zvakamiswa senge mavhiri mavhiri, rocker pini uye tayi tsvimbo.

Wheel alignment inogadziriswa nekutarisa kurongeka kwevhiri uye nekuienzanisa nezvakatsanangurwa zvinopihwa nemugadziri wemotokari.

Onawo: Kusarudza inotonhorera - nyanzvi inopa zano 

Kuisa iyo camber chaiyo iri nyore kushanda, asi haigone kuitwa kumba kana mugaraji. Izvi zvinoda data yakakodzera yefekitori uye maturusi akakosha. Kugadziriswa kwese kwekumiswa kunotora anenge maminitsi makumi matatu. Mutengo wayo - zvichienderana nemotokari - inenge kubva PLN 30 kusvika 80.

Maererano nenyanzvi

Mariusz Staniuk, muridzi weAMS Toyota motokari yekutengesa uye sevhisi muSłupsk:

- Kurongeka kunofanirwa kugadziridzwa mushure menguva yekuchinja matayi. Uye izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa kunyanya ikozvino, pakuchinja matairi echando kune ezhizha. Mushure menguva yechando, kana mamiriro ekutyaira akanyanya kuomarara kupfuura mamwe mwaka, kumiswa uye kutungamirira zvikamu zvinowanzotadza. Mukuwedzera, geometry inofanira kuongororwa paunenge uchiisa matai matsva pamavhiri. Uye zvinonyatsodiwa kuti tiende kune kugadziriswa patinoona kuti tambo yetai inopera zvisina kunaka, i.e. rimwe divi rinosakara nekukurumidza, kana kuti pakatsikwa-tsika. Chimwe chiratidzo chine ngozi chekumisikidza kusiri iko kukwenya kana uchikona kana kudhonzera mota padivi paunenge uchityaira wakananga. Geometry inodawo kutariswa kana mota ikaita shanduko huru, senge kumiswa tuning. Uye zvakare kana uchitsiva munhu akamiswa zvinhu - semuenzaniso, bushings kana rocker zvigunwe, rocker maoko pachavo kana tie tsvimbo inoguma.

Wojciech Frölichowski 

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