Iyo particulate sefa kamudziyo kadiki, ine chekuita nekuchena kwemhepo

Chii chinonzi aerosol particles? 

Mumaguta panguva yepamusoro-soro yemotokari, zvakawanda zvinosvibisa, kusanganisira zvinhu, zviri mumhepo. Kunobva kwavo kukuru injini dzedhiziri. Chete hachisi chimwe chinhu asi chitobvu chine chepfu. Haikwanise kuonekwa neziso rakashama, asi inokurumidza kupinda mumhepo yekufema kwevanhu, kubva kwaanogona kupinda mumhepo inotenderera. Kunyanya kuratidzwa kune tunhu tudiki kunowedzera njodzi yegomarara.

Diesel Particulate Sefa uye Exhaust Emissions

Kuti uderedze huwandu hwezvinhu zvemukati mumhepo, zviyero zvekubuda kwemhepo zvakaunzwa, izvo zvakaderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwezvimedu zvesoot mumhepo. Kuti vasangane navo, vagadziri vemotokari vaifanira kubata nekusefeta gasi. Muma90s, maFrench akatanga kushandisa zvakanyanya mafirita. Pakaunzwa chiyero cheEuro 2005 muna 4, chakamanikidza kushandiswa kwemasefa munenge mota dzese nyowani. Iyo Euro 5 standard, iyo yakatanga kushanda muna 2009, yakasiya kushandiswa kwemhinduro dzakadaro.

Iyo yazvino Euro 6d-temp standard inoreva kuti dhiziri particulate sefa (DPF kana GPF sefa) inoiswa zvakanyanya uye kwete muinjini dzedhiziri chete, asiwo muinjini dzepeturu - kunyanya idzo dzakashongedzerwa jekiseni rakananga mafuta.

Chii chinonzi particulate sefa?

Iyo particulate sefa inodaidzwa zvakare kuti FAP - kubva kuFrench expression filtre à particles kana DPF, kubva kuChirungu - particulate sefa. Parizvino, chidimbu cheGPF chinoshandiswawo, i.e. dhiziri particulate sefa.

Ichi chidiki chidiki icho chikamu cheiyo exhaust system yemotokari. Yakaiswa kuseri kwecatalytic converter uye ine fomu yegaba rine particulate sefa pachayo. Muviri wakagadzirwa nesimbi yemhando yepamusoro. Iyo ine ceramic sefa imba inoumbwa nematanho akavharidzirwa akarongwa akaenzana kune mumwe nemumwe. Iwo machani anoumba gobvu grid uye anovharwa kune rimwe divi, achichinjana kubva kune yekupinza kana yekubuda divi.

MuDPF mafirita, madziro echiteshi akagadzirwa nesilicon carbide, iyo yakavharwa nealuminium uye cerium oxide, uye zvimedu zveplatinamu, simbi inodhura inodhura, inoiswa pavari. Ndiye anoita kuti kutenga chidimbu chesefa kudhure. Mutengo wesefa unodzika kana platinamu iyi ishoma.

Sefa inoshanda sei?

Muinjini dzedhiziri, zvimedu zvakasimba zvinoumbwa muhuwandu panguva yekutanga injini uye kana injini inoshandiswa pakudziya kwakaderera, semuchando. Iwo musanganiswa we soot, yakanyungudika organics uye isina kupiswa hydrocarbons. Nekuda kwekuti mota ine DPF particulate sefa, zvidimbu zvakadaro zvinotorwa uye zvinochengetwa nazvo. Basa rake rechipiri nderekupisa mukati mesefa.

Exhaust magasi anopinda mu particulate sefa anofanira kubaya madziro enzira dzekupinza kuitira kuti apinde mumigero yekuburitsa. Munguva yekuyerera, soot particles inogadzika pamadziro efirita.

Kuti dhiziri particulate sefa ishande nemazvo, inofanirwa kunge iine injini yekudzora unit inoidzora. Iyo yakavakirwa pane tembiricha sensors pamberi uye mushure mesefa uye pane zviratidzi zvebroadband lambda probe, iyo inozivisa nezve kunaka kwemagasi emhepo anobva kuchikamu ichi chemota. Pakarepo kuseri kwesefa kune yekumanikidza sensor inotungamira kusaina dhigirii rekuzadza kwayo nesoot.

DPF sefa - zviratidzo zvekuvhara

Iwe unogona kufungidzira kuti dhiziri particulate sefa haisi kushanda nemazvo uye yakavharika kana ukaona kudonha kwesimba reinjini kana dhiraivha inopinda mune emergency mode. Iwe unozonyanya kuona mwenje wechiratidzo pane dashboard unoratidza kuti dhiziri particulate sefa izere ne soot. Zviratidzo zvinogonawo kunge zvakasiyana zvachose.

Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuti yakavharika dizeli particulate sefa ichakonzera kuwedzera kusingadzoreki mukumhanya kweinjini uye nekukurumidza kubata. Aya ndiwo mamiriro akanyanya, asi anogona zvakare kuitika kana pasina mamiriro akakodzera ekupisa soot particles mukati mesefa. Izvi zvinoitika kana motokari ichishandiswa nzendo pfupi. Kana iyo nzira yekupisa yezvimedu zvakasimba inokanganiswa, mafuta asina kupiswa anopinda mumafuta, ayo anowedzera huwandu hwayo uye anorasikirwa neayo epakutanga. Izvi zvinomhanyisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwezvikamu zveinjini. Kana pane mafuta akawandisa, achapinda mukamuri inopisa kuburikidza nepneumothorax, iyo inogona kutungamirira kukukuvadza kwakanyanya.

Chii chekuita kana iyo particulate sefa yakavharwa?

Kana iwe ukaona kuti particulate sefa yakavharwa, une sarudzo mbiri:

• kushanyira mechanical workshop kudzorera chikamu ichi. Izvo zvinofanirwa kurangarirwa kuti sevhisi haizove yakachipa - sefa inodhura inosvika mazana akati wandei zlotys, uye kukwidziridzwa kwakadaro hakubatsiri kwenguva refu;
• tsiva iyo isiri-kushanda particulate sefa neitsva. Zvinosuruvarisa, mutengo wechinhu ichi chemotokari hausi pasi uye unobva pa3 kusvika ku10 zviuru. zloty.

Vamwe vatyairi, vachida kuchengetedza mari, vanosarudza kubvisa diesel particulate filter kubva mumotokari yavo, asi yeuka kuti izvi zvinopesana nemutemo. Izvo zvinopesana nemutemo kubvisa particulate sefa kubva mumotokari. Kana chiitiko chakadaro chikaonekwa panguva yekuongororwa kwemotokari, unogona kurasikirwa nechitupa chako chekunyoresa uye kugamuchira coupon. Pamusoro pezvo, kutyaira usina sefa kunobatsira kuwedzera kusvibiswa kwesoot mumhepo yaunofema. Saka, unofumura munhu wese akakukomberedza kuzvirwere zvekufema.