Yakaputirwa matairi echando - chivimbiso chekubata mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu?

Kwemakore anopfuura 70, vagari venzvimbo yeScandinavia vanga vachirarama nezvinetso zvechando mumugwagwa, vachishandisa matai akagadzirwa chaizvo ane nzvimbo yesimbi. Iwo akagadziridzwa zvishoma "matayi echando" asi kubata uye kutyaira chivimbo panzvimbo yechando haina kufananidzwa. Nekudaro, munyika yedu haigone kushandiswa zviri pamutemo nguva dzose, uye kushandiswa kwavo pane dzimwe nzvimbo kunogona kuderedza kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa.

The studded tyre chinhu chakagadzirwa kubva kuNorthern Europe.

Kunyangwe matai akanakisa akagadzirwa kubva kune yakakosha komisheni yerabha anongotarisana nezvinetso zvakaita seaizi kana sinou yakarongedzwa zvishoma. Kunyange zvazvo kutsika kwacho kwakanyatsogadzirirwa kupa "kunamira" kwakanakisisa muchando (kuburikidza neanonzi sipes), inenge isina simba pamberi pechiso chechando. Saka hazvishamisi kuti munyika umo kunaya nesinou uye kunaya kwemvura ndizvo zvagara zvichiitwa, matai akatsikirirwa anozivikanwa zvikuru. Miedzo yakaitwa makore apfuura nehuwandu uye hurefu hwemaspikes, asi nhasi iwo anowanzo 60 kusvika 120 uye anosiyana muhukuru kubva pa10 kusvika 15 mm.

Matai akazara - anogadzirwa sei?

Kunyange zvazvo akafanana nemhando dzematayi akajairwa, matai akatsikirirwa ane sipes shoma. Kazhinji, vanorema anenge 2 magiramu uye anosvika 15 mm kureba, kunyange mumarori vanosvika 30 mm. Zvishongo zvinoiswa muvhiri mushure mevulcanization, izvo zvinovabvumira kuti vafukidzwe kakawanda, sezvo panguva yekushanda vanogona kurasikirwa kana kukuvara. Pamusoro pazvo, magadzirirwo adzo akagadziridzwa kuitira kuti vhiri risakurumidza kupera nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze. Chii chimwe chakasiyana ne "chando"?

Tayi rakavharwa - mamwe magadzirirwo

Imwe misiyano inoita kuti matairi echando ane matanda agare kwenguva refu, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kutsika kwakasimba, izvo zvinobvumira kuparadzaniswa kuri nani kwesimbi kubva mumuviri wesimbi. Kana rubber layer panguva ino yakanyanyisa kuonda, yaizoputsika nokukurumidza, semugumisiro wekumanikidzwa kunotamirwa, pamwe chete nekuita kwemunyu unoshandiswa kuchengetedza migwagwa yakanaka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mabhandi esimbi achaita ngura nekukurumidza, izvo zvichaderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwetai. Pamusoro pezvo, masimba ane simba anopfuudzwa zvakananga kumabhandi kana uchityaira paasphalt zvaizotungamira mukukuvadzwa kwemichina.

Iyo spike inorongwa sei?

Zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvematairi akadaro, apo maitiro avo akanaka mumugwagwa anoenderana, ndezvipikisi zvesimbi kubva pa60 kusvika ku120 zvidimbu. Iyo inowanzo umbwa nealuminium, simbi, kana muviri wepurasitiki wakatenderedza spike chaiyo yakagadzirwa neyakaomesesa tungsten carbide. Nepo muviri wacho pachawo wakada kubatanidzwa zvachose muvhiri, ndiyo tungsten tipi inobuda kubva mairi neinenge 1,5mm. Finnish tire giant Nokian yakafumura mutsauko une zvitubu zvinofambiswa zvinobvumira kutyaira kwakachengeteka pane yakaoma pavement.

Mashandire anoita matai akatsikirirwa

Kunyange zvazvo machira anoshandiswa kuvandudza kubata kwemotokari pachando nechando achigona kusiyana-siyana, mashandire aanoita anenge akafanana nguva dzose. Pese panotsvedza asphalt, masimbi esimbi anopa kukweva kuri nani kwekubata kusingachinji. Nekudaro, izvo zvakanakira mutyairi hazvina hazvo kunaka kune mamiriro epamusoro - kunyanya kana uchityaira mumigwagwa ine tsvina, iyo inoshatisa nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kana zvitubu zvichishandiswa. Nokudaro, kushandiswa kwavo hakubvumirwi munyika dzose, uye munyika dzakawanda zvinorambidzwa.

Norway, Finland - kupi kumwe kwaunogona kukwira pamatairi akazara?

Munyika zhinji dzeEurope, zvinotsanangurwa zvakadzama pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anobvumirwa matai akaiswa. Mune dzimwe nyika, matayi aya ari pasi pemubhadharo wekusangana kweguta, angangoda macherechedzo chaiwo, uye anogona kungogara achingoshandiswa mumwaka wechando. Pakati penyika dzinobvumirwa spikes iItaly, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Austria, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia neSpain. Muzhinji dzenzvimbo idzi, nzira chena ndiyo inotenderwa migwagwa ine chando mukati memwaka wechando. Poland haisi pakati pavo.

Mavhiri akazara munyika yedu - anotaridzika sei?

Poland ndiyo imwe yenyika dzine inonzi yakajairika migwagwa mitema, i.e. idzo uko manejimendi emigwagwa anosungirwa kuvachengeta vatema kwenguva zhinji yechando. Nokudaro, migwagwa munyika yedu inogara ichicheneswa nechando uye yakasaswa nemunyu nejecha, iyo - kunyange isingadhuri - inovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro kune vashandisi vemugwagwa. Nechikonzero ichi, hapana chikonzero chekushandisa akasarudzika mhinduro mumigwagwa yedu, kunze kweakajairika matai echando, uye kushandiswa kwezvitubu kunogara kuchirambidzwa.

Mitemo inoti kudini pamusoro pematayi akaturikidzana?

Kutasva matayi akaiswa mumigwagwa yeruzhinji kunorambidzwa munyika yedu. Mutemo unotaura nezvekushandiswa kwe "zvakagara zvakaiswa anti-slip elements" uye kutyora kwayo kunorangwa nefaindi ye10 euros uye kuchengetwa kwenguva pfupi kwechitupa chekunyoresa. Iyo chete yepamutemo mukana wekushandisa zvidhori mumigwagwa yeruzhinji kutora chikamu mujaho rally kana nhangemutange yechando nemvumo yepamberi yemutungamiriri wemugwagwa yakawanikwa nemurongi.

Matai akaputirwa imhinduro yakanaka, kunyange isiri yakanaka

Mushure mekuyemura kwekutanga kwematairi akaputirwa, nhasi kushandiswa kwavo kwakanyanya kudzorwa uye kwakaganhurirwa. Zviremera zvenyika dzakawanda zvakasvika kumhedziso yokuti zviri nani kubvisa migwagwa yechando pane kuunza mari yekugadzirisa nguva dzose kune asphalt pavement. Nokudaro, matai akadaro anogona kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye mukati memiganhu inonzwisisika. Izvo hazvina kukwana, asi zvinopa kuchengeteka mumigwagwa ine chando.