Mazano ekutarisa uye kutsiva iyo CV yakabatana uye anther yayo

Vatyairi vazhinji vanoziva kuti mota yavo ine chikamu chinonzi CV joint, asi havasi vese vanoziva kuti chii uye kuti ndechei. Chidimburiso chine hungwaru chinomirira hinge yeakona yemavelocities. Asi kune vanhu vazhinji, decoding inotsanangura zvishoma. Muchikamu chino, tichaedza kufunga chinangwa uye mudziyo wejoint yeCV, tsvaga maitiro ekutarisa nekutsiva chikamu ichi.

Chii uye chinoshandira chii

Mumazuva ekutanga eindastiri yemotokari, mainjiniya akatarisana nematambudziko makukutu paaiyedza kuita dhiraivha yekumberi. Pakutanga, majoini epasi rose akashandiswa kutamisa kutenderera kubva pakusiyana kuenda kumavhiri. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo gumbo panguva yekufamba rinoshandurwa vertically uye panguva imwe chete inotendeukawo, hinge yekunze inomanikidzwa kushanda pakona yehurongwa hwe30 ° kana kupfuura. Muchikadhi chekadhi, kukanganiswa kuduku kwezvimedu zvekusangana kunotungamirira kune kusaenzana kweangular velocity yekutenderera kwechifambiso chinotyairwa (munyaya yedu, shaft inofambiswa ndiyo simbi yekumisa). Mhedzisiro ndeyekurasikirwa kukuru kwesimba, jerks uye kukurumidza kupera kwemahinji, matairi, pamwe chete neshafts uye magiya ekutapurirana.

Dambudziko rakagadziriswa nekuuya kwemajoini akaenzana angular velocity. CV yakabatana (mumabhuku iwe unogona dzimwe nguva kuwana izwi rekuti "homokinetic joint") chinhu chemotokari, nekuda kwekuti kusimba kweangular velocity yeaxle shaft yega yega inovimbiswa, zvisinei nekona yekutenderera kwemavhiri uye. nzvimbo yehukama yedhiraivha uye inofambiswa shafts. Nekuda kweizvozvo, torque inofambiswa pasina kurasikirwa kwesimba, pasina jerk kana vibration. Uye zvakare, majoini eCV anotendera iwe kutsiva sitiroko uye vibration yemota uchityaira.

Muchimiro, iyo CV inobatana yakafanana neanozivikanwa zvombo, ndosaka yakawana zita rayo rakajairika - "grenade". Zvisinei, vamwe vanoda kuidana kuti "pear".

Majoini maviri eCV akaiswa pane yega axle shaft - yemukati nekunze. Iyo yemukati ine kona yekushanda mukati me20 ° uye inoendesa torque kubva kune giya bhokisi musiyano kune axle shaft. Iyo yekunze inogona kushanda paakona kusvika ku40 °, inosungirirwa pamagumo e-axle shaft kubva parutivi rwegumbo uye inovimbisa kutenderera kwayo uye kutenderera. Saka, mu-front-wheel drive version pane 4 chete, uye motokari yemotokari ine 8 "grenade".

Sezvo kurudyi nekuruboshwe axle shafts ine misiyano yemaitiro, ipapo majoini eCV ari kurudyi uye kuruboshwe. Uye zvechokwadi, mahinji emukati nekunze anosiyana kubva kune mumwe. Izvi zvinofanirwa kurangarirwa kana uchitenga zvikamu zvitsva zvinotsiva. Usakanganwa zvakare nezve kuenderana kwezviyero zvekuisa. Anthers inodawo kusarudzwa maererano nemuenzaniso uye kugadziriswa kwemuchina.

Zvimiro zvakasiyana-siyana zveCV majoini

Iyo yakaenzana yeangular velocity joint haisi itsva yakagadzirwa, masampuli ekutanga akagadzirwa anenge makore zana apfuura.

kaviri gimbal

Kutanga, vakatanga kushandisa kaviri cardan CV joint, inosanganisira maviri cardan joints kushanda vaviri vaviri. Inokwanisa kumira mitoro yakakosha uye kushanda pamakona makuru. Kutenderera kusina kuenzana kwemahinji kunobhadharwa. Iyo dhizaini yakanyanya kuwanda, saka munguva yedu yakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya pamarori uye mana-mavhiri drive SUVs.

cam

Muna 1926, makanika weFrance Jean-Albert Gregoire akagadzira uye akapa patent chigadzirwa chinonzi Trakta. Iyo ine maforogo maviri, imwe yacho yakabatana nedhiraivha shaft, imwe kune inofambiswa shaft, uye makamera maviri akabatanidzwa pamwechete. Nekuda kwenzvimbo huru yekubatana yezvikamu zvekukwesha, kurasikirwa kwakave kwakanyanya, uye kushanda kwacho kwaive kwakadzikira. Nechikonzero ichi, cam CV majoini haashandiswe zvakanyanya.

Cam disk

Kugadziriswa kwavo, cam-disc majoini, akagadzirwa muSoviet Union, zvakare aive nekushomeka kwekuita, asi akatsungirira mitoro yakakosha. Parizvino, kushandiswa kwavo kunogumira kunyanya kumotokari dzekutengesa, uko kukwirisa shaft kusingadiwi, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Weiss bhora rakabatana

Yekutanga yekugara velocity bhora yakabatana yaive patented muna 1923 naKarl Weiss. Mariri, torque yaifambiswa uchishandisa mabhora mana - imwe peya yakashanda ichienda kumberi, imwe ichidzokera kumashure. Kureruka kwekugadzira uye mutengo wakaderera wekugadzira zvakaita kuti mudziyo uyu uzivikanwe. Iyo yakanyanya kona iyo hinge inoshanda ndeye 32 °, asi sosi haipfuure zviuru makumi matatu zvemakiromita. Saka, mushure me30s yezana remakore rapfuura, kushandiswa kwayo kwakanyangarika.

Alfred Zeppa's bhora rakabatana

Rakatoita rombo rakanaka raive rimwe mubatanidzwa webhora, iro risina kubudirira chete kusvika nhasi, asi rinoshandiswawo mune dzinenge dzese dzemazuva ano dhiraivha yepamberi uye mota zhinji dzemavhiri ane yakazvimirira yakamiswa. Iyo dhizaini yemabhora matanhatu yakagadzirwa muna 1927 nainjiniya wekuAmerica akaberekerwa kuPoland Alfred Hans Rzeppa, aishandira kambani yemotokari yeFord. Mukufamba, tinocherechedza kuti paInternet-mutauro weRussia zita remugadziri rakanyorwa kwose kwose seRceppa, izvo zvisiri izvo zvachose.

Iyo yemukati clip yeZheppa's CV yakabatana inoiswa padhiraivha shaft, uye muviri uri muchimiro chembiya unobatanidzwa kune inofambiswa shaft. Pakati pemujaho wemukati nedzimba pane chinoparadzanisa chine maburi akabata mabhora. Kune matanhatu semi-cylindrical grooves kumagumo kwekeji yemukati uye padivi remukati remuviri, pamwe chete nemabhora anogona kufamba. Iyi dhizaini yakavimbika uye yakasimba. Uye iyo yakakura kona pakati pemasanhu e shafts inosvika 40 °.

CV majoini "Birfield", "Lebro", GKN inovandudzwa shanduro dzeZheppa joint.

"Tripod"

Iyo hinge inonzi "Tripod" inobvawo ku "Zheppa", kunyange zvazvo yakasiyana nayo zvakanyanya. Forogo ine matanda matatu inowanikwa pakona ye120 ° maererano kune imwe neimwe inoiswa mukati memuviri. Danda rimwe nerimwe rine roller inotenderera pane tsono inotakura. Ma rollers anogona kufamba achitevedza grooves mukati meimba. Iyo matatu-beam forogo yakasungirirwa pane splines yeinotyairwa shaft, uye imba yacho yakabatana nekusiyana mubhokisi regiya. Huwandu hwemakona ekushanda e "Tripods" idiki - mukati me25 °. Kune rimwe divi, iwo akavimbika uye akachipa, saka anowanzo kuisirwa mota dzine kumashure-vhiri dhiraivha kana kushandiswa semukati maCV majoini pane kumberi-vhiri dhiraivha.

Nei chikamu chakavimbika chakadaro dzimwe nguva chichikundikana

Vatyairi vakangwarira havawanzoyeuka majoini eCV, nguva nenguva vanotsiva anthers avo. Nekushanda kwakakodzera, chikamu ichi chinokwanisa kushanda kunze kwe100 ... 200 zviuru zvemakiromita pasina matambudziko. Vamwe vanogadzira mota vanoti iyo CV yakabatana sosi inofananidzwa nehupenyu hwemota pachayo. Izvi zvimwe zviri padyo nechokwadi, zvisinei, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuderedza hupenyu hweiyo nguva dzose velocity joint.

• Kuperera kweanther ndiko kwakakosha zvikuru. Nekuda kwekukuvara kwayo, tsvina nejecha zvinogona kupinda mukati, izvo zvinozoita seabrasive inogona kudzima "grenade" mumakiromita mashoma kana nekukurumidza. Mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukwidziridzwa nemvura pamwe chete neokisijeni kana vakapinda mumakemikari reaction nekuwedzera kuri murubricant muchimiro chemolybdenum disulfide. Somugumisiro, chinhu chinoputika chinoumbwa, icho chichakurumidza kuparadzwa kwehinge. Ivhareji yehupenyu hwehupenyu hweanthers ndeye 1 ... makore matatu, asi mamiriro avo anofanira kuongororwa makiromita 3 zviuru zvemakiromita.
• Icho chokwadi chekuti nzira yekutyaira yakapinza inogona kuparadza mota munguva yekurekodha inogona kuzivikanwa kune wese munhu. Zvisinei, nhamba yevatambi vemitambo yakanyanyisa haisi kuderera. Kutanga kwakapinza nemavhiri akabuda, kukurumidza kubva-mumugwagwa kutyaira uye mamwe mitoro yakawandisa pakumiswa kuchaparadza majoini eCV kare kupfuura nguva yavo yavakagoverwa.
• Boka renjodzi rinosanganisirawo mota dzine injini yakawedzera. CV majoini uye madhiraivha zvakajairika anogona kusakwanisa kumirisana nemutoro wekuwedzera unokonzerwa nekuwedzera torque.

• Kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune lubrication. Nokufamba kwenguva, inorasikirwa nezvinhu zvayo, saka inofanira kuchinjwa nguva nenguva. Imwe chete yakanyatsogadzirirwa CV majoini inofanira kushandiswa. Chero zvazvingava, usaisa girasi ye graphite mu "grenade". Kuzora kusina kunaka kana kusakwana kwemafuta kunopfupisa hupenyu hwemubatanidzwa weCV.
• Chimwe chikonzero chekufa kusati kwasvika kwe "grenade" kukanganisa kwegungano. Kana kuti pamwe wanga wangove nerombo rakashata, uye chikamu chakazove chakaremara pakutanga.

Maitiro ekutarisa mamiriro ekubatanidzwa kweCV

Danho rokutanga nderokuongorora uye kuona kuti anther haina kukuvara. Kunyangwe kutsemuka kudiki ndiyo hwaro hwekutsiviwa kwayo nekukurumidza, pamwe nekutsvaira uye kuongorora iyo "grenade" pachayo. Kana maitiro aya akaitwa nenguva, zvinogoneka kuti hinge inogona kuponeswa.

Iyo yakanganisa CV joint inoita hunhu hwesimbi crunch. Kuti utarise, edza kutendeuka pakona huru. Kana ikakwenya kana kugogodza panguva yekurudyi, ipapo dambudziko riri kuruboshwe rwekunze hinge. Kana izvi zvikaitika paunotsaukira kuruboshwe, "grenade" yekunze yekunze inoda kutsiviwa.

Kuongororwa kwemukati meCV majoini kuri nyore kuita pakusimudza. Mushure mekutanga injini, shandisa 1st kana 2nd gear. Chidhiraivho chinofanira kunge chiri pakati nepakati. Teerera kune basa remukati CV majoini. Kana kurira kwekurira kwakanzwika, ipapo hinge haina kurongeka.

Kana crunch ikanzwika paunenge uchityaira mumutsara wakatwasuka, uye kukurumidza kunoperekedzwa nekudedera, iyo yakaremara yejoini inofanira kutsiviwa nekukurumidza. Zvikasadaro, inogona kubva yadonha zvachose. Mhedzisiro ingangove yekujairira kwevhiri nemhedzisiro yese inotevera.

Nzira yekutsiva

A yakanganisa CV joint haigoni kugadziriswa. Chikamu chichafanira kuchinjwa zvachose. Izvo zvinosara ndezvi anthers uye zvisungo zvadzo, pamwe nekukanda nekuchengetedza zvindori. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti kutsiva anther kunosanganisira iyo inosungirwa kubviswa, kugeza uye kugadzirisa iyo hinge pachayo.

Kutsiva ibasa rinorema, asi rinogoneka kune avo vane ruzivo mukugadzirisa auto uye vanoda kuchengetedza mari. Iyo nzira inogona kuve neyayo nuances zvichienderana neiyo chaiyo mota modhi, saka zviri nani kutungamirwa nebhuku rekugadzirisa remota yako.

Kuti uite basa, muchina unofanirwa kuisirwa pagomba rekusimudza kana rekuongorora uye kudonhedza mafuta kubva mubhokisi regiya (1,5 ... 2 l). Pakati pezvishandiso, nyundo, chisel, pliers, screwdriver, wrenches, pamwe chete negomo uye vise zvichauya zvakanaka. Consumables - zvisungo, mafuta anokosha, hub nut - kazhinji inouya ne "grenade" itsva. Mukuwedzera, WD-40 kana mumwe mumiririri akafanana anogona kubatsira.

Usambofa wakabvisa ese mashafts kubva mugiya bhokisi panguva imwe chete. Pedzisa ekisero imwe kutanga, wozoenda kune imwe. Zvikasadaro, magiya ekusiyanisa achachinja, uye matambudziko makuru achamuka negungano.

Kazhinji, nzira yacho ndeyotevera.

1. Gumbo rinobviswa padivi panochinja hinge.
2. Hub nut skirt inorohwa nesando uye chisel.
3. Hub nut haina kuvharwa. Kuti uite izvi, zviri nani kushandisa pneumatic wrench. Kana chishandiso chakadaro chisipo, ipapo iwe uchafanirwa kushanda nemhete wrench kana musoro. Ipapo iwe unozofanirwa kudzvanya nekuvhara iyo brake pedal kuti isafambe vhiri.

4. Sunungura mabhaudhi anochengetedza bhora rezasi rakabatana pagumbo rekutungamirira. inodzoserwa pasi, uye gumbo rekutungamirira rinoendeswa padivi.

5. Iyo yekunze CV yakabatana inoburitswa kunze kwehubhu. Kana zvichidikanwa, shandisa simbi yakapfava. Dzimwe nguva zvikamu zvinonamatira kune mumwe nekuda kwengura, saka unoda WD-40 uye kushivirira zvishomanana.

6. Iyo drive inoburitswa kubva mugearbox. Zvingangodaro, hazvizoshande nemaoko nekuda kwemhete yekuchengetedza pamagumo emukati "grenade" shaft. Lever ichabatsira - semuenzaniso, gomo.
7. Iyo shaft yakasungirirwa mune vice uye iyo CV yakabatana inobviswa pairi. Iwe unofanirwa kurova nekanyoro dhift pane inotakura (yemukati nhangemutange), uye kwete pamuviri.
8. Iyo "grenade" yakabviswa inoshambidzwa zvakakwana nepeturu kana dizeli. Kana zvichidikanwa, chikamu chacho chinofanira kuparadzaniswa uye kugadzirisa dambudziko, uye chozora nemafuta anokosha uye kudzorerwa zvakare. Kana iyo CV yakabatana ichichinja zvachose, ipapo iyo nyowani nyowani inofanirawo kugezwa uye kuzadzwa negirizi. Inenge 80 g inodiwa mune yekunze, 100 ... 120 g mune imwe yemukati.
9. Imwe anther itsva inodhonzwa pamugodhi, mushure meiyo "grenade" inokwidziridzwa kumashure.
10. Zvisungo zvakasimbiswa. Chinhu chakakosha chinodiwa kuti usimbise bhandi bhandi. Kana zvisina kudaro, zviri nani kushandisa screw (worm) clamp kana tie yepurasitiki. Tanga wasimbisa chibatiso chikuru, uye usati waisa diki, shandisa screwdriver kudhonza mupendero webhutsu kuenzana kudzvanywa mukati mayo.

Mushure mekusimbisa hub nut, inofanira kurohwa kuitira kuti irege kuzosunungura.

Uye usakanganwa kudzorera girisi mugiya bhokisi.