Kuenderana kweG11 G12 uye G13 Antifreezes - zvinoita here kuvasanganisa
Zviri mukati
Antifreeze imvura yakakosha inoshanda iyo basa guru nderekutonhodza nekudzivirira injini. Mvura iyi haina kuomesa nechando pa tembiricha yakaderera uye ine yakakwirira kufashaira uye nechando chikumbaridzo, izvo zvinodzivirira mukati combustion injini kubva overheating uye kukuvara nokuda vhoriyamu kuchinja panguva kufashaira. Izvo zvinowedzera zvinoumba antifreeze zvine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinodzivirira zvikamu zvegadziriro yekutonhora kubva mukuora uye kuderedza kupfeka kwavo.
Chii chinonzi antifreeze mukugadzirwa
Hwaro hwemhando ipi neipi yekutonhora ndeye glycol base (propylene glycol kana ethylene glycol), chikamu chayo chehukuru chiri paavhareji 90%. 3-5% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemvura yakanyungudutswa yakasvibiswa mvura, 5-7% - zvakakosha zvinowedzera.
Nyika yega yega inogadzira yekutonhodza masisitimu emvura ine kupatsanurwa kwayo, asi zvinotevera kupatsanurwa kunowanzo shandiswa kudzivirira nyonganiso:
- G11, G12, G13;
- nemavara (girinhi, bhuruu, yero, yepepuru, tsvuku).
Zvikwata G11, G12 neG13
Iyo yakajairika kupatsanurwa kwemakomisheni ekutonhodza yaive kupatsanurwa kwakagadzirwa neVAG kunetseka.
Composition gradation yakagadzirwa neVolkswagen:
G11 - zvinotonhorera zvakagadzirwa zvinoenderana netsika, asi zvechinyakare panguva ino, tekinoroji. Iko kuumbwa kwe anti-corrosion additives zvinosanganisira zvakasiyana-siyana zveinorganic compounds mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana (silicates, nitrate, borates, phosphates, nitrites, amines).
Silicate additives inoumba yakakosha yekudzivirira layer pamusoro pemukati weiyo inotonhorera system, inofananidzwa muhupamhi kune chiyero paketero. Ukobvu hwechigadziko hunoderedza kupisa kwekushisa, kuderedza kutonhora.
Pasi pesimba rinoramba riripo rekuchinja kukuru kwetembiricha, kuzunguzika uye nguva, iyo yekuwedzera layer inoparadzwa uye inotanga kuparara, zvichikonzera kudzikira mukutenderera kweinotonhorera uye kukonzera kumwe kukuvadza. Kuti udzivise kukanganisa, silicate antifreeze inofanira kuchinjwa makore maviri ega ega.
G12 - antifreeze, iyo inosanganisira organic additives (carboxylic acids). Chinhu checarboxylate additives ndechekuti chidziviriro hachina kuumbwa panzvimbo yesystem, uye izvo zvinowedzera zvinoumba iyo thinnest inodzivirira layer isingasviki micron gobvu munzvimbo dzakakuvadzwa chete, kusanganisira ngura.
Zvazvakanakira:
- kukwirira kwekushisa kwekushisa;
- kusavapo kwechigadziko pamusoro pemukati, iyo inobvisa kuvhara uye kumwe kuparadzwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvikamu zvemotokari;
- yakawedzerwa hupenyu hwebasa (3-5 makore), uye kusvika kumakore mashanu unogona kushandisa mvura yakadaro nekuchenesa kwakakwana kwegadziriro usati waizadza uye uchishandisa yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa antifreeze solution.
Kuti abvise kukanganisa uku, G12 + hybrid antifreeze yakagadzirwa, iyo yakabatanidza maitiro akanaka e silicate uye carboxylate musanganiswa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwe organic uye inorganic additives.
Muna 2008, kirasi itsva yakaonekwa - 12G ++ (lobrid antifreezes), iyo organic nheyo iyo inosanganisira nhamba shoma yezvinowedzera zvisingasviki.
G13 - zvinotonhorera zvakatipoteredza zvakavakirwa papropylene glycol, iyo, kusiyana nehuturu ethylene glycol, haina ngozi kuvanhu uye zvakatipoteredza. Musiyano wayo chete kubva kuG12 ++ kushamwaridzana kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza, iwo tekinoroji paramita akafanana.
Зеленый
Green coolants ine inorganic additives. Antifreeze yakadaro ndeyekirasi G11. Hupenyu hwesevhisi yezvigadziriso zvekutonhora zvakadaro hazvisi kupfuura makore maviri. Ane mutengo wakaderera.
Yakakurudzirwa kuti ishandiswe pamotokari dzekare, nekuda kwehupamhi hwechidziviriro chekudzivirira, iyo inodzivirira kuumbwa kwe microcracks uye kudonha, mumagetsi ekutonhora ane aluminium kana aluminium alloy radiators.
Dzvuku
Red antifreeze ndeyekirasi yeG12, kusanganisira G12+ uye G12++. Iine hupenyu hwebasa hunosvika makore matatu, zvichienderana nekuumbwa uye kugadzirira kwegadziriro isati yazadza. Zviri nani kushandisa mune masisitimu ayo ma radiator ari mhangura kana ndarira.
Bhuruu
Blue coolants ndeyekirasi yeG11, inowanzonzi Antifreeze. Inonyanya kushandiswa mukutonhodza masisitimu emota dzekare dzeRussia.
Фиолетовый
Purple antifreeze, sepingi, ndeyekirasi G12 ++ kana G13. Iine nhamba shoma ye inorganic (mineral) additives. Vane kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro kwezvakatipoteredza.
Pakudira lobrid yepepuru antifreeze muinjini nyowani, ine hupenyu husina muganhu. Inoshandiswa pamotokari dzemazuva ano.
Zvinoita here kusanganisa girini, tsvuku uye bhuruu antifreeze pamwe chete
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, ruvara rwemukati wekupisa injini yekutonhora mhinduro inoratidza kuumbwa kwayo uye zvimiro. Iwe unogona kusanganisa antifreezes emhando dzakasiyana chete kana dziri dzekirasi imwechete. Kana zvisina kudaro, maitiro emakemikari anogona kuitika, izvo zvichakurumidza kana kuti gare gare zvinokanganisa mamiriro emotokari.
Antifreeze inorambidzwa zvachose kusanganiswa nemamwe marudzi ezvinotonhorera.
Chii chinoitika kana ukasanganisa boka G11 neG12
Kusanganisa marudzi akasiyana eantifreeze anogona kukonzera matambudziko nekufamba kwenguva.
Mhedzisiro mikuru yekusanganisa silicate uye carboxylate makirasi:
- kuora kwemukati mukati megadziriro yekutonhora;
- kupupuma kwemvura inoshanda;
- injini kupisa;
- kuwedzera kwemafuta ekushandisa kusvika ku5%;
- kuvharira mukati memagetsi emagetsi ekupisa;
- kuvhara kwema radiator uye zvimwe zvikamu zvegadziriro yekutonhora;
- pombi kutsiva;
- kuderedzwa kwehupenyu hwebasa remafuta einjini;
- mamwe malfunctions.
Chete kana paine emergency, unogona kuwedzera marudzi akasiyana.
Mukuita izvi, zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa:
- zvakakosha kusanganisa zvigadziriso zvinotonhora nenheyo imwechete (ethylene glycol chete ne ethylene glycol);
- silicate-isina musanganiswa inorambidzwa zvachose kusanganiswa nevamwe;
- zvakakosha kuti uwane antifreeze yakakodzera kumotokari uye uishandise chete kana uchikwira kumusoro uye uchitsiva mvura inoshandiswa mumhepo inotonhora.
Kana zvichidikanwa kuwedzera zvishoma zvinotonhorera uye pasina yakakodzera, zviri nani kuwedzera mvura yakasvibiswa, iyo inoderedza zvishoma kutonhora nekudzivirira zvinhu, asi haizokonzeri maitiro emakemikari ane ngozi kumotokari, sezvo muchiitiko chekusanganisa silicate uye carboxylate makomisheni.
Maitiro ekutarisa kuenderana kweantifreeze
Kuti utarise kuenderana kweantifreezes, zvinodikanwa kuti unyatso kudzidza kuumbwa, nekuti havasi vese vanogadzira vanoomerera kune mavara kana kirasi kupatsanurwa (G11, G12, G13), mune dzimwe nguva vangasatomboratidza.
Tafura 1. Kuenderana kana topping up.
Topping fluid mhando | Rudzi rwe antifreeze mune inotonhorera system | ||||
G11 | G12 | G12 + | G12 ++ | G13 | |
G11 | + | Kusanganisa kunorambidzwa | + | + | + |
G12 | Kusanganisa kunorambidzwa | + | + | + | + |
G12 + | + | + | + | + | + |
G12 ++ | + | + | + | + | + |
G13 | + | + | + | + | + |
Kuisa zvinwiwa zvemakirasi akasiyana-siyana kunobvumirwa chete kushanda kwenguva pfupi, mushure mezvo zvakakosha kuita kutsiva kwakakwana nekutsvaira kwegadziriro yekutonhora.
Yakanyatsosarudzwa antifreeze zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekutonhora system, kuumbwa kweiyo radiator uye mamiriro emota, kutsiva kwayo panguva yakakodzera kunovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kweiyo inotonhora system, kudzivirira injini kubva pakupisa uye kubatsira kudzivirira mamwe akawanda asingafadzi mamiriro.
