Kuenzanisa kwemagetsi emagetsi ekufambisa uye simba rekufambisa

Simba rekutungamirira uye EUR kugadzirisa dambudziko rimwe chete - vanobatsira mutyairi kushandura mavhiri emotokari.

Hydraulic power steering yakagadzirwa kwemakumi emakore akati wandei, asi pakange pasina shanduko yakakosha mukugadzira kwavo uye zvivakwa panguva ino.

Masisitimu emagetsi, nechitarisiko chavo, akakonzera kukakavara pamusoro pekuti "Ndeipi iri nani: hydraulics kana electrics?"

Ngatiedzei kutsigira nhaurirano iyi.

Magetsi emagetsi

MuEUR, iyo torque yakagadzirwa nemaoko emutyairi padhiraivha inokwidziridzwa nemota yemagetsi uye inopfuudzwa kumavhiri anofambiswa ne rack uye pinion gearbox.

Iyo mota yemagetsi inofambiswa nemotokari pa-board network uye inodzorwa nemagetsi.

Chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo electric power steering

Pane zvakawanda zvekugadzira sarudzo.

Funga nezveakakurumbira uye akajairika.

Manodhi ayo makuru uye zvinhu:

• Magetsi mota.
• The steering shaft ine zvikamu zviviri zvakabatanidzwa ne torsion bar.
• Actuating mechanism (deducer).
• Torque uye chidhiraivho chinzvimbo masensa.
• Electronic control unit (ECU).

Nheyo yekushanda:

Nekutenderera chidhiraivho, mutyairi anomonyorora torsion bar, nepo zvikamu zviviri zve torque sensor zvichifamba zvinoenderana kune mumwe nemumwe, ukuru uye kutungamirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi anopfuura nepakati sensor shanduko. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo chiratidzo kubva kune inotungamira angle sensor inochinjawo. Aya ma paramita anopihwa kuECU, pamwe nekuverenga kweABS kwekumhanya kwemotokari uye kumhanya kweinjini kubva kuECM. Iyo ECU processor inosarudza ukuru uye kutungamira kwesimba rinodiwa uye inopa mota yemagetsi ine voltage yeinodiwa polarity, ichichinja iyo armature kutenderera kumhanya uye torque nehukoshi hwazvino. Injini kuburikidza negiya bhokisi inotenderera shaft yekutungamirira kana kufambisa rack.

Mushanduro dzakareruka, iyo control unit haina kubatana neyemagetsi injini kutonga uye kumhanya kudzora masisitimu, maitiro ekushanda kwemagetsi dhiraivha anoenderana chete ne torque sensors uye chidhiraivho.

Pamotokari dzekirasi diki nepakati, uko simba repamusoro risingadiwe kubva kuEUR, mota yemagetsi ine giya bhokisi yakasungirirwa zvekuti inoiswa pasi pechitsiko chemubato wemota, pamwe nemasensor uye control unit. .

Kune masheji ekudzora anotyairwa nemagiya maviri, imwe yacho inotumira simba kubva kune inotungamira shaft, imwe kubva kuEUR yemagetsi mota.

Mune zvigadziriso zvemavan, makombi uye marori akareruka ekutengesa, EUR yeparallel-axial dhizaini ine "screw-ball nut" inoshandiswa. Iyo mota yemagetsi inotenderedza bhora nati uchishandisa bhandi rine mazino. Mabhora, achikunguruka achitevedza spiral grooves, fambisa chidhiraivho.

Dzimwe nguva mota yemagetsi inovakwa yakananga munjanji, shaft yayo inopfuura nepakati pe stator, uye armature iriwo bhora nut. Toyota, Lexus uye mamwe mhando dzeMazda dzakashongedzerwa nezvikamu zvakadaro.

Power steering

Power steering is hydraulic device umo simba rakawedzerwa kana uchitenderedza mavhiri rinogadzirwa neactuator yakabatana nepombi yepamusoro.

Chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwesimba rekutungamira

Rotary kana vane mhando pombi yakaiswa painjini block inofambiswa nebhandi kubva ku crankshaft pulley.

Mumotokari dzine rack rack, spool valve, zvichienderana nekutendeuka kwevhiri, inotungamirira kuyerera kwemvura inoshanda mune imwe kana imwe mhango ye silinda yekushanda, ichipa kufamba kwenguva refu kwepiston uye rack rack.

Mumagadzirirwo ane chidhiraivho trapezoid, iyo spool uye piston zvinosanganiswa muyakajairwa giya bhokisi reiyo screw-bhora nati mhando uye, kana shaft yekutenderera ichitenderera, vanoshandura bipod yeanotungamira trapezoid.

Simba rekushanda resimba rekutungamira harisi kuchinjika, kuyerera kwepombi kunoenderana nekumhanya kweinjini, iyo fluid pressure inogona kusvika 150 kg/cm.² nezvimwe.

Ivhavha inomisa kumanikidza inoiswa mudzimba dzepombi.

Izvo zvakakosha zve hydraulic booster:

• Tangi ine mvura inoshanda, ine sefa uye strainer.
• Rotary kana vane mhando pombi.
• Pressure yekumisa vharafu.
• Actuating mechanism (giya rekutungamirira kana hydraulic cylinder);
• Distributor (spool).
• Kubatanidza mapaipi, hoses, high pressure hoses.

Electro-hydraulic power steering

EGUR mutsauko weiyo classic hydraulic booster. Iyo inosiyana pakuti iyo yepamusoro-yekumanikidza pombi inotenderedzwa neyayo yemagetsi mota, uye kwete kubva ku crankshaft yeinjini yemotokari. Zvese zvimwe zvinhu - kugovera uye actuator nzira, hydraulic mitsetse - haina kuchinja zvakanyanya.

MuEGUR, mota yemagetsi ine control unit, pombi uye tangi yemafuta zvinosanganiswa kuita module imwechete.

Mazhinji Renault, Nissan uye GM modhi akashongedzerwa ne electro-hydraulic boosters.

Kuenzanisa kwekutungamira kwesimba kwemaitiro akasiyana.

Kureruka uye kuchengeteka kwehutungamiri

Mhando dzose dzesimba rekutungamirira "kuteerera" chete vhiri, maitiro emakumbo haaiti pavari kana kuita zvishoma.

Mumotokari dzine simba rekufambisa, kuitira kuti kuderedza kushanda uko mutyairi anoshandura vhiri, achibvisa motokari kubva pakutendeuka, uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwekufamba kwerectilinear, vagadziri vakawedzera kuwirirana kwemavhiri anofambisa, akawedzera. iyo castor uye mbiru yehelical grooves mu "screw - ball nut" kubatanidzwa.

Izvi zvinopa mutyairi pfungwa yemhinduro, "ruzivo" rwechidhiraivho uye pfungwa yekudzora zvakananga.

Zviri nyore kutarisa. Pane imwe nzvimbo yakafara pedyo nemotokari yakamira - ine hydraulic booster mu "steering" - shandura mavhiri, sunungura chidhiraivho uye tanga kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma. Verenga kuti mota ichaita madenderedzwa mangani kusvika mavhiri pachawo adzokera kunzvimbo yawo yekutanga.

Iyo yemagetsi kutonga kweEUR inopa kugona kuigadzirisa zvinoenderana nemamiriro uye nekukurumidza. Iyo yakakwira kumhanya, iyo yakaderera iyo EUR kuedza uye "inorema" chidhiraivho. Mumamiriro emumaguta, mutyairi anogona kubvisa iyo EUR kubva kune yekumhanyisa sensor, uye vhiri rinogara riri "chiedza".

Muchirongwa cheEUR control, unogona kupinda mabasa ekudzosa chidhiraivho ku "zero" uye kubata mavhiri ari pakati nepakati pane akasiyana tire.

Kuvimbika

Simba rekutungamira zvikamu zvemhando ipi neipi uye dhizaini inoiswa pasi pema mechanical kupfeka.

Mune hydraulic amplifiers, kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma mumidziyo yemvura inoshanda uye kupfeka kwemacuffs uye zvisimbiso zvinowedzerwa kune izvi.

Paunenge uchibata chidhiraivho munzvimbo yakanyanyisa, kutenderera kwemafuta kunomira, iyo yakanyanya kuwedzera kudzvanywa muhurongwa inogona kutyora yakakwira yekumanikidza hose.

Kudonha kwemazinga emafuta nekuda kwekudonha kunokonzeresa kuti pombi iome nekukasira kweiyo rotor nenzvimbo dzedzimba.

Mutyairi ndiye wekupedzisira kuziva nezvekutadza kwechidhiraivho chemagetsi, uye kana izvi zvikaitika nekumhanya kwakanyanya, emergency haidzivisiki.

Brushless, ine mukati memhepo inoyerera, EUR yemagetsi mota inodzivirirwa kubva pakuremerwa nezvipingamupinyi zvitatu - fuse mumagetsi edunhu, yemagetsi control unit uye general chirongwa che processor (mutongi) wemota.

Kana matambudziko akamuka, komputa inoderedza kuwanda kwekuchinja kwemota yemagetsi, chiratidzo chinoenderana chinovhenekera pane dashboard, mutyairi ane nguva yekupindura nekudzikisa kasi uye braking.

Kune akati wandei maonero ekuti mukana weimwe dhizaini kugona kudzora muchina kana simba rekufambisa ratadza.

Tinokuyeuchidza: maererano ne "Basic gadziriro yekubvumirwa kwemotokari ..." (mitemo yemigwagwa yeRussian Federation), kushanda kwemotokari ine simba risina simba rinorambidzwa.

Kushanda kwemafuta

Simba rekufambisa rinoshandisa chikamu chesimba rejinjini kutenderera pombi, izvo zvinogadzira kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya mu hydraulic system.

Chinhu chikuru chakashata che hydraulic amplifiers ndechekuti iyo yakakwira yekumanikidza pombi inoshanda kana injini crankshaft ichitenderera. Kunyangwe muchina uri kufamba kana kumira wakamira usingaite, pombi rotor iri kutenderera, ichishanda kunze kwayo.

Iyo EUR yemagetsi mota inobatidzwa nemagetsi chete panguva iyo chidhiraivho chatenderedzwa; kana yamiswa mune traffic jam kana kutyaira mumutsara wakatwasuka, haishande.

Pane thesis pamusoro pekuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta nemotokari dzine hydraulic steering. Izvi hazvifungi kuti kilowatts "yakadyiwa" nemotokari yemagetsi yeEUR uye inoramba ichipedzwa nehurongwa hwekutonga inogadzirwawo ne crankshaft inotenderera jenareta.

Hapana akaitisa miedzo yegungwa yemotokari imwechete ine injini dzakafanana, asi nemhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi ekufambisa, saka hapana data yakavimbika pa "voracity" yemotokari dzine simba rekufambisa.

Chikamu chekushandiswa

Hydraulic steering midziyo, mumakore achangopfuura, haisati yashandiswa pamberi-mavhiri motokari ine MacPherson-mhando yekumiswa uye rack-and-pinion steering. Kunze kweEGUR.

Mumotokari umo mavhiri anofambiswa nechaidzo chekubatanidza - mune yakazara-saizi SUVs, epakati uye anorema marori - mavhiri epamberi anotenderedzwa achishandisa simba rekutyaira.

Development tarisiro

Hydraulic zvimiro idanho rakafa rekupedzisira bazi rekufambira mberi kwemotokari.

Yemazuva ano emagetsi traffic traffic, braking, kudzivirira zvipingamupinyi uye kupaka kunoda zvemagetsi chidhiraivho.

Kuvandudzwa kweiyo hybrid drive, kubuda kwemotokari dzemagetsi nemichina ine zvinhu zvehungwaru hwekugadzira mukutonga zvakabvisa "hydraulics" yenzvimbo pasi pehodhi.

Pfupiso pfupi

Uye zvakadaro, ndeipi amplifier iri nani?

Mota yako haisi yekutanga uye une ruzivo rwakakwana rwekutyaira - tinoremekedza maonero ako nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi ekufambisa uye hatizozvipokane.

Wave kuda kutenga mota yako yekutanga? Mota ine classic hydraulic booster ikozvino inogona kuwanikwa chete mumusika wechipiri. Isu tinokurudzira kutenga isingadhure modhi neEGUR. Ichokwadi, inoda kutonga kwemafuta mutangi, asi kana pane kukanganisa, mari yekugadzirisa ichave yakagamuchirwa.

Avo vanosarudza kufamba vasina hanya kubva papoint A kuenda kunongedzo B vanofanirwa kusarudza mota ine EUR yakavakirwa muchikamu chinotungamira. Yakadaro amplifier inoda kushomeka kwekunetseka uye mutengo wemari.

Paunenge uchitenga mota ine mukurumbira ne "mabhero nemuridzo" mukuchengetedza uye kutonga masisitimu, kana kutove neimwe, chinhu chimwe chete chinofanira kuyeukwa - mota dzinodhura dzinodhura kuva nadzo.

Neshoko, zvifungire, zvisarudzire.