Sulphated ash content yemafuta. Izvi zvinokanganisa chii?
Zviri mukati
Iyo pfungwa ye sulfate ash yemukati uye gradation yemafuta zvinoenderana neiyi parameter
Sulphated ash ndiyo chikamu chehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemafuta emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasimba organic uye inorganic komisheni inoumbwa mushure mekupiswa kwemafuta. Ndiyo parameter iyi inonyanya kutariswa nhasi, kunyangwe paine mamwe marudzi emadota anotariswa mukudzidza kwemafuta.
Sulfate is, netsanangudzo, munyu we sulfuric acid, kemikari yemakemikari ine mukugadzirwa kwayo anion -SO.4. Ichi chikamu chezita chinobva panzira yekuverenga madota mumafuta emota.
Giresi akaongororwa madota anopiswa pasi pemamiriro emurabhoritari pakupisa kwakanyanya (anenge 775 ° C) kusvikira yakasimba homogeneous misa yaumbwa, yozobatwa nesarufa. Iyo inokonzeresa multicomponent zvinhu inoverengerwa zvakare kusvika huwandu hwayo hwarega kuderera. Izvi zvakasara zvichave madota asingabatike uye anozogara muinjini kana exhaust system. Huremu hwayo hunoenderana nehuremu hwekutanga hweiyo prototype uye chikamu chinoverengerwa, chinova chikamu chekuyera chesarufate ash content.
Sulphated ash yemukati yeoiri kazhinji chiratidzo chehuwandu hweantiwear, yakanyanya kudzvanywa uye zvimwe zvinowedzera. Pakutanga, madota echigadziko chemafuta akachena, zvichienderana nemhando yekwakabva, kazhinji haapfuuri 0,005%. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, litre imwe yemafuta inongotora 1 mg yemadota chete.
Mushure mekugadzirisa nekuwedzera kune calcium, zinc, phosphorus, magnesium, molybdenum uye mamwe makemikari emakemikari, iyo sulfate ash yemafuta inowedzera zvakanyanya. Kugona kwayo kuumba madota akasimba, asingabatike panguva yekupisa kunowedzera.
Nhasi, iyo ACEA classification inopa mapoka matatu emafuta emafuta maererano nemadota emukati:
- Full Saps (full-ash lubricants) - zviri mukati me sulfated ash ndeye 1-1,1% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemafuta.
- Mid Saps (medium ash oils) - kune zvigadzirwa zvine chimiro ichi, chikamu chedota chiri pakati pe0,6 ne0,9%.
- Low Saps (low ash lubricant) - madota ari pasi pe0,5%.
Pane chibvumirano chepasi rose maererano nekuti madota ari mumafuta emazuva ano haafanire kudarika 2%.
Chii chinokanganisa sulfate ash?
Yakakwira sulfate ash yemukati inoratidza hupfumi pasuru yezvinowedzera. Pazvishoma, maoiri ane yakakwira madota akakwira mune detergent (calcium), antiwear uye yakanyanya kudzvanywa (zinc-phosphorus) additives. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mafuta akawedzerwa ane zvinowedzera, zvimwe zvinhu zvose zvakaenzana (iyo imwe nheyo, mamiriro ekushanda akafanana, kuenzana kwekutsiva nguva), ichadzivirira zvakavimbika injini pamitoro yakakwirira pairi.
Sulphated ash inogadzirisa zvakananga huwandu hweasingabatiki, akasimba madota akaumbwa muinjini. Kwete kuti ivhiringidzwe ne soot deposits. Soot, kusiyana nemadota, inogona kupisa kunze kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Ash - kwete.
Madota emukati ane simba rakakura pane inodzivirira uye detergent-dispersant zvimiro zveoiri injini. Hunhu uhwu hune hukama husina kunanga kune imwe yakakosha yekuongorora yemafuta emota: base nhamba.
Ndeapi madota emafuta akanakira injini?
Sulphated ash chimiro chisina kujeka chemafuta einjini. Uye kuti uzvione sezvakanaka chete kana kuti zvisina kunaka hazvibviri.
Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe sulfate ash kunotungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa inotevera.
- Kuwedzera kubuda kwedota rakasimba, risingabatike mukati memhepo yakawanda, izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwesefa kana catalyst. Iyo particulate sefa inokwanisa kupisa kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwekabhoni oxides, mvura uye zvimwe zvikamu chete kabhoni soot. Solid organic ash inowanzogara pamadziro e particulate sefa uye yakanyatsogadziriswa ipapo. Iyo inobatsira nzvimbo yesefa base yakaderedzwa. Uye rimwe zuva zvinongokundikana kana mafuta ane madota akawandisa akadururwa mujini zvine hurongwa. Mamiriro akafanana anoonekwa necatalyst. Nekudaro, mwero wekuvhara kwayo uchave wakaderera pane we particulate sefa.
- Yakawedzera kabhoni deposits pamapiston, mhete uye spark plugs. Kubika zvindori uye piston kwakabatana zvakananga nehuwandu hwemadota mumafuta. Mafuta ane madota mashoma anosiya dota rakaderera kakawanda mushure mekuneta. Kuumbwa kwemadota akasimba anoisa pamakenduru kunotungamirira kumoto unopenya (kupisa kusingatarisirwi kwemafuta mumasilinda kwete kubva pamoto wekenduru, asi kubva kumadota anopisa).
- Yakakurumidza kupfeka injini. Ash ine abrasive effect. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, izvi hazvikanganisi injini yekushandisa nenzira ipi zvayo: inobhururuka zvachose mupombi yepombi pasina kukanganisa kweboka repiston. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo injini inotora mafuta emarara, uye panguva imwechete iyo USR system iri kushanda, madota anopisa anotenderera pakati pemakamuri ekupisa. Zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvechokwadi kubvisa simbi kubva mumasilinda uye piston mhete.
Mukupfupisa, tinogona kutaura izvi: yakawedzera madota emafuta einjini iri nyore, isina catalysts uye particulate mafirita, yakanyanya kunaka pane yakaipa. Asi kumainjini emazuvano eEURO-5 uye EURO-6 makirasi, akashongedzerwa nemafirita emukati uye zvinokonzeresa, yakakwira madota inotungamira mukupfeka kweaya anodhura emotokari mayunitsi. Kune ecology, maitiro ndeaya anotevera: iyo yakaderera madota, zvishoma nharaunda yakasvibiswa.
