Spark plug: kwete chete spark
Izvo zvakakosha zve spark plug muinjini yekudzima moto zvinoita sezviri pachena. Ichi chishandiso chiri nyore umo chikamu chakakosha zvikuru maelectrode maviri pakati peiyo spark yemoto inosvetuka. Vashoma vedu vanoziva kuti mumainjini emazuva ano, spark plug yakawana basa idzva.
Injini dzemazuva ano dzinodzorwa nemagetsi chete. Controller, 
inonyanya kuzivikanwa se "computer" inounganidza nhevedzano yedata pamusoro pekushanda kweyuniti (tinotaura pano, kutanga kune zvese, kumhanya kwe crankshaft, dhigirii re "kudzvanya" pa gas pedal, atmospheric air pressure uye mumhepo. kutora zvakawanda, tembiricha yeinotonhorera, mafuta uye mhepo, uye zvakare kuumbwa kwemagasi emhepo mumhepo yekuburitsa pamberi uye mushure mekucheneswa kwavo nevashanduri vecatalytic), uyezve, tichienzanisa ruzivo urwu neakachengetwa mundangariro, anoburitsa mirairo. kune masisitimu ekudzora kupisa uye jekiseni remafuta maitiro, pamwe nenzvimbo yemhepo damper. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti iyo flash point uye dhamu yemafuta kune ega ega ekushanda kutenderera kunofanirwa kuve kwakaringana maererano nekushanda, hupfumi uye hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza panguva yega yega injini yekushandisa.
VERENGA ZVIMWE
Kupenya plugs
Mutambo wakakosha kenduru
Pakati pe data inodiwa kudzora kushanda kwakaringana kweinjini, pane zvakare ruzivo nezve kuvapo (kana kusavapo) kwekupisa kwe detonation. Musanganiswa wemafuta emhepo wagara uri mukamuri rinopfuta pamusoro pepiston unofanira kutsva nekukasira asi zvishoma nezvishoma, kubva pa spark plug kusvika kunzvimbo dziri kure dzekamuri yekupisa. Kana musanganiswa ukapisa zvachose, kureva "kuputika", kushanda kweinjini (kureva, kukwanisa kushandisa simba riri mumafuta) inodonha zvakanyanya, uye panguva imwe chete, mutoro wezvikamu zvinokosha zvejini unowedzera, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kukukundikana. Nokudaro, chiitiko chekugara chinoputika hachifaniri kubvumirwa, asi, kune rumwe rutivi, kugadzika kwemoto pakarepo uye kuumbwa kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa inofanira kuva yakadaro zvokuti kupisa kwemoto kunenge kuri pedyo neizvi detonations.
Nokudaro, kwemakore anoverengeka ikozvino, injini dzemazuva ano dzakagadzirirwa izvo zvinonzi. kugogodza sensor. Mune yechinyakare vhezheni, iyi inonyatso maikorofoni yakasarudzika iyo, yakakwenenzverwa muinjini block, inopindura chete kune vibrations ine frequency inoenderana neyakajairwa detonation combustion. Iyo sensor inotumira ruzivo nezve inogona kugogodza kune injini komputa, iyo inopindirana nekushandura nzvimbo yekudzima kuitira kuti kugogodza kurege kuitika.
Zvisinei, kuonekwa kwekupisa kwe detonation kunogona kuitwa neimwe nzira. Kare muna 1988, kambani yeSweden Saab yakatanga kugadzirwa kweiyo distributorless ignition unit inonzi Saab Direct Ignition (SDI) mumuenzaniso we 9000. Mumhinduro iyi, spark plug imwe neimwe ine coil yayo yekudzima yakavakwa mumusoro wecylinder, uye "kombiyuta ” inopa masaini ekudzora chete. Naizvozvo, mune ino sisitimu, nzvimbo yekubatidza inogona kuve yakasiyana (yakakwana) kune yega silinda.
Nekudaro, chinonyanya kukosha muhurongwa hwakadaro ndechekuti imwe neimwe spark plug inoshandiswa sei kana isiri kuburitsa spark (nguva yespark inongori makumi emakumi emamicroseconds pamhepo yekushanda, uye, semuenzaniso, pa6000 rpm, injini imwe chete. oparesheni cycle ndeye mazana maviri masekonzi). Zvakazoitika kuti ma electrode akafanana anogona kushandiswa kuyera iyo ion ikozvino inoyerera pakati pavo. Pano, chiitiko che self-ionization yemafuta uye mamolekemu emhepo panguva yekupisa kwemhosva pamusoro pepiston yakashandiswa. Ioni dzakaparadzana (maerekitironi emahara ane chaji isina kunaka) uye zvidimbu zvine chaji yakanaka zvinobvumira ikozvino kuyerera pakati pema electrode akaiswa mukamuri yekupisa, uye ikozvino inogona kuyerwa.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti dhigirii yeakaratidzwa gasi ionization mukamuri 
kupisa kunoenderana nemagetsi ekupisa, i.e. kunyanya pakumanikidzwa kwazvino uye tembiricha. Nokudaro, kukosha kweiyo ion ikozvino ine ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pekugadzirisa kupisa.
Iyo yakakosha data yakawanikwa neiyo Saab SDI system yakapa ruzivo rwekugogodza uye inogona kukanganisa moto, uye zvakare yakabvumira inodiwa yekudzima nguva kuti itemerwe. Mukuita, iyo sisitimu yakapa yakavimbika data pane yakajairwa yekubatidza system ine yechinyakare kugogodza sensor, uye zvakare yaive yakachipa.
Parizvino, iyo inonzi Distributionless system ine makoiri ega ega ega silinda inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, uye makambani mazhinji atoshandisa ion ikozvino kuyerwa kuunganidza ruzivo nezve muitiro wekupisa muinjini. Ignition masisitimu akachinjirwa kune izvi anopihwa nevanonyanya kukosha einjini. Zvinoitika zvakare kuti kuongorora maitiro ekupisa muinjini nekuyera iyo ion ikozvino inogona kuve yakakosha nzira yekudzidza kuita kweinjini munguva chaiyo. Inokubvumira kuti uone zvakananga kwete kungopisa kusina kunaka chete, asiwo sarudza ukuru uye nzvimbo (yakaverengwa mumadhigirii ekutenderera kwe crankshaft) yeiyo chaiyo yakanyanya kudzvinyirira pamusoro pepiston. Kusvikira ikozvino, kuyerwa kwakadaro kwakanga kusingakwanisi mumajini e-serial. Uchishandisa iyo yakakodzera software, nekuda kweiyo data, zvinokwanisika kudzora nemazvo kudzima uye jekiseni mune yakafara yakawanda yeinjini mitoro uye tembiricha, pamwe nekugadzirisa iyo unit inoshanda paramita kune chaiyo mafuta emafuta.
