Mabhureki chinhambwe pakumhanya kwe60 km/h: asphalt yakaoma uye yakanyorova
Chero mutyairi wemotokari anoziva kuti kazhinji tinoparadzaniswa netsaona muchidimbu chesekondi. Mota inofamba nespeed yakati haigoni kumira yakafa munjanji dzayo kana uchinge watsika brake pedal, kunyangwe uine tsika dzepamusoro dzeContinental matayi uye high brake pressure pads.
Mushure mekudzvanya bhureki, mota ichiri kukunda imwe chinhambwe, icho chinonzi kubhureki kana kumira chinhambwe. Saka, chinhambwe chekumira ndicho chinhambwe chinofambwa nemotokari kubva panguva yaiswa mabhureki kusvika pakumira. Mutyairi anofanira kunge achikwanisa kuverenga chinhambwe chekumira, zvikasadaro imwe yemitemo yekutanga yekufamba kwakachengeteka haizocherechedzwe:
- chinhambwe chekumisa chinofanira kunge chiri chishoma pane chinhambwe chekupinganidza.
Zvakanaka, pano kugona kwakadai sekumhanya kwemutyairi kunouya - kana angoona chipingamupinyi uye odzvanya pedal, nekukurumidza mota ichamira.
Hurefu hwemabhureki chinhambwe zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakadaro:
- kukurumidza kufamba;
- kunaka uye rudzi rwepamusoro pemugwagwa - mvura kana yakaoma asphalt, ice, chando;
- mamiriro ematairi uye braking system yemotokari.
Ndapota cherechedza kuti parameter yakadaro sehuremu hwemotokari haina kukanganisa kureba kwechinhambwe chebhureki.
Iyo braking nzira zvakare yakakosha zvikuru:
- kudzvanya kwakapinza kunomira kunotungamirira kusingadzoreki skidding;
- kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mukumanikidza - inoshandiswa munzvimbo yakadzikama uye nekuonekwa kwakanaka, kwete kushandiswa mumamiriro ekukurumidzira;
- kudzvanya kwepakati - mutyairi anodzvanya pedal kakawanda kuti amire, mota inogona kurasikirwa nekudzora, asi inomira nekukurumidza zvakakwana;
- nhanho kudzvanya - iyo ABS sisitimu inoshanda zvinoenderana neiyo musimboti, mutyairi anovhara zvachose uye anoburitsa mavhiri pasina kurasikirwa nekusangana neanotsika.
Kune akati wandei mafomula anotaridza kureba kwechinhambwe chekumira, uye isu tichaashandisa kune akasiyana mamiriro.
asphalt yakaoma
Iyo nhambwe yebhureki inotarwa neinyore fomula:
Kubva pakufamba kwefizikisi, tinorangarira kuti μ ndiyo coefficient of friction, g ndiko kukurumidza kwekudonha kwemahara, uye v ndiko kumhanya kwemota mumamita pasekondi.
Fungidzira mamiriro acho ezvinhu: tiri kutyaira VAZ-2101 pamwero we60 km / h. Pamamita 60-70 tinoona mudyandigere uyo, achikanganwa nezve chero mitemo yekuchengetedza, akamhanya achiyambuka mugwagwa mushure mekombi.
Isu tinotsiva iyo data mune formula:
- 60 km / h = 16,7 m / sec;
- iyo coefficient of friction yeasphalt yakaoma uye rubber ndeye 0,5-0,8 (kazhinji 0,7 inotorwa);
- g = 9,8 m/s.
Tinowana chigumisiro - 20,25 mamita.
Zviri pachena kuti kukosha kwakadaro kunogona kungova kwemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka: rubber yakanaka uye zvinhu zvose zvakanaka nemabhureki, iwe wakabhureka nemuchina wakapinza uye mavhiri ese, asi usingapinde mu skid uye usingarasikirwe nekutonga.
Unogona kutarisa kaviri mhedzisiro uchishandisa imwe fomula:
S \u254d Ke * V * V / (0,7 * Fc) (Ke ndiyo braking coefficient, yemotokari dzevatakuri yakaenzana neimwe; Fs ndiyo coefficient yekunamira neiyo coating - XNUMX yeasphalt).
Tsiva kumhanya mumakiromita paawa mune iyi fomula.
Tinowana:
- (1*60*60)/(254*0,7) = 20,25 mamita.
Saka, kureba kwechinhambwe chebhureki pane yakaoma asphalt yemotokari dzevafambi dzinofamba nekumhanya kwe60 km / h, pasi pemamiriro akanaka, ingangoita 20 metres. Uye izvo zvine hard braking.
Mvura yeasphalt, ice, chando chakakunguruka
Kuziva iyo coefficients yekunamatira kumugwagwa wepamusoro, unogona kuona zviri nyore kureba kwechinhambwe chebhureki pasi pemamiriro akasiyana.
Odds:
- 0,7 - asphalt yakaoma;
- 0,4 - asphalt yakanyorova;
- 0,2 - chando chakazara;
- 0,1 - ice.
Kuisa iyi data mumafomula, tinowana anotevera kukosha kwehurefu hwechinhambwe chekumira kana uchibhureki pa60 km/h:
- 35,4 mamita pamugwagwa wakanyorova;
- 70,8 - pachando chakazara;
- 141,6 - pachando.
Kureva, pachando, kureba kwebhureki kureba kunowedzera ne7 nguva. Nenzira, pane yedu webhusaiti Vodi.su pane zvinyorwa zvekuti ungatyaira sei mota uye mabhureki muchando. Uyezve, kuchengeteka panguva ino kunoenderana nesarudzo yakarurama yematairi echando.
Kana iwe usiri fan wemafomula, saka pamambure unogona kuwana akareruka ekumisa kureba macalculator, iwo algorithms ayo akavakirwa pane aya mafomula.
Kumira kure neABS
Basa guru reABS nderokudzivirira motokari kuti irege kupinda mune isingadzoreki skid. Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo system yakafanana nemusimboti wekutsika braking - mavhiri haana kuvharika zvachose uye nekudaro mutyairi anochengeta kugona kudzora mota.
Miedzo yakawanda inoratidza kuti mabhureki madaro mapfupi neABS ne:
- asphalt yakaoma;
- wet asphalt;
- matombo akakungurutswa;
- papepa repurasitiki.
Pachando, chando, kana ivhu rine madhaka nevhu, kuita braking neABS kunoti dererei. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, mutyairi anokwanisa kuchengetedza kutonga. Izvo zvakakoshawo kucherechedza kuti kureba kwechinhambwe chebhureki zvakanyanya kunoenderana nezvigadziro zveABS uye kuvapo kweEBD - iyo brake simba rekugovera system).
Muchidimbu, chokwadi chekuti une ABS hachikupe mukana munguva yechando. Kureba kwechinhambwe chebhureki kunogona kureba 15-30 metres, asi ipapo hausi kurasikirwa nekutonga kwemota uye haina kutsauka kubva munzira yayo. Uye pamusoro pechando, chokwadi ichi chinoreva zvakawanda.
Mudhudhudhu unomira kure
Kudzidza kubhureki zvakanaka kana kudzikamisa pamudhudhudhu harisi basa riri nyore. Iwe unogona kubhureka kumberi, kumashure kana ese mavhiri panguva imwe chete, injini braking kana skidding inoshandiswa zvakare. Kana iwe ukanonoka zvisizvo pakumhanya kukuru, unogona kurasikirwa nechiyero nyore nyore.
Iyo nhambwe yebhureki yemudhudhudhu inoverengerwawo uchishandisa mafomula ari pamusoro uye ndeye 60 km / h:
- asphalt yakaoma - 23-32 mamita;
- kunyorova - 35-47;
- chando, matope - 70-94;
- dema chando - 94-128 mamita.
Yechipiri digit ndiyo skid braking distance.
Chero mutyairi kana mutyairi wemudhudhudhu anofanirwa kuziva chinhambwe chekumira chemotokari yake nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Pakunyoresa tsaona, mapurisa emumigwagwa anogona kuona kumhanya kwaifamba nemota pakureba kweskid.
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