Zvombo zvemauto

Kusimbisa iyo yekumabvazuva flank yeNATO

28.07.2022 /

F-15C Eagle ye 493rd Fighter Squadron paLakenheath inogara paMercy. Iyo ndege yakapenda pamusoro pechiratidzo chechiratidzo pane inodzikamisa; Kukadzi 2022

Zviito zvemauto eRussia zvinopesana nekuvimbika kweUkraine zvakachinja zvakanyanya mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika muCentral neEastern Europe mumakore achangopfuura. Paive nechido chekuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwenhengo itsva dzeNATO, kureva. yakagamuchirwa muNorth Atlantic Alliance mushure me1999, kunyanya munzvimbo yekumabvazuva kweNATO (kunyanya Poland, Estonia, Latvia neLithuania, pamwe neRomania neBulgaria).

Nekuda kwesarudzo dzakatorwa pamusangano weNATO muWarsaw muna 2016, nyika dzenhengo dzeNATO dzakatanga kuendesa mauto eNATO pasi pemhando mbiri dzekuvapo mberi:

  • Enhanced Forward Presence (eFP), Enhanced Forward Presence - inosimudzira dziviriro nekudzivirira masimba kuburikidza nekugadzwa kwezvikwata zvehondo zvemabattalion muPoland, Lithuania, Latvia neEstonia, zvinosanganisira nhengo dzeNyika;
  • Yakagadziridzwa Mberi Huvepo (tFP), Yakagadziridzwa Mberi Huvepo - inosimudzira kuchengetedzeka kweRomania neBulgaria kuburikidza nerutsigiro rwemauto eMultinational Southeast Division yakamira muRomania uye iri pasi payo Multinational Southeast Brigade.

Yakasimbiswa NATO Air Mapurisa muBaltic States

Basa reNATO Baltic Air Policing, iro rinosanganisira kutarisa nzvimbo yemhepo yenyika nhatu dzeBaltic: Lithuania, Latvia neEstonia, yakaitwa kubva muna March 2003, i.e. kubva pakugadzwa kwenyika idzi dzeBaltic kuNATO. Sezvo mauto emhepo enyika idzi asina kukwana kuchengetedza nzvimbo yavo yemhepo (uye nekudaro iyo airspace yeNorth Atlantic Alliance), basa iri rakapihwa kumayuniti kubva kune dzakatevedzana nyika dzeNATO, dzichichinja mwedzi mina yega yega (mumakore maviri ekutanga - ese. mwedzi mitatu). . Nzvimbo yekusingaperi yeNATO air police mission muBaltic States ndiyo Yekutanga Lithuanian Air Base, iri panhandare yendege yepasi rose muSiauliai. Kazhinji, boka rine varwi vana uye vanenge 100 vashandi vepasi. Sechiyereso, varwi vaviri vari pasi vakagadzirira kusimuka ipapo (maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo), asi mamwe ese achishandiswa sezvipo.

Mamiriro acho akawedzera zvakanyanya muchirimo cha2014, apo hutsinye hwekutanga hweRussia Federation kurwisa Ukraine kwakaitika. Muna Kurume 2014, Russia yakatora Crimea, uye kurwa kwakaenderera mberi muDonbas kubva munaKurume kusvika Chikumi 2014, izvo zvakakonzera kusikwa kwemarepublic maviri evanhu vakaparadzaniswa (PRs): Lugansk RL kuchamhembe uye Donetsk RL kumaodzanyemba, pedyo nekumabvazuva kweUkraine. muganhu neRussian Federation. Chinangwa chekuwana nyika yekubatana neCrimea peninsula chakazovigwa munaGunyana 2014, panguva yehondo yechipiri yeMariupol, iyo kusvika 2022 yakaramba iri munzvimbo dzinodzorwa nevakuru veUkraine.

Maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu matsva, kutya kuwedzera kweRussia (Russian-Belarusian) hutsinye uye kurwisa nyika dzeBaltic (Lithuania, Latvia neEstonia), North Atlantic Alliance yakasarudza kuwedzera basa reNATO rekutarisa nzvimbo yemhepo yenyika dzeBaltic. ku "Improved version". Izvi zvino zvatora nzira yekudzivirira kutumirwa kwemauto, anozivikanwa mukati meNATO se "preemptive deployment". Izvi hazvifanirwe kuvhiringika neakabatana anosimbisa, anozivikanwa se "Allied Reinforcements". Zviito zverudzi rwekutanga hazvirevi kuwedzera kwakakwana kuchengetedza nyika inotyisidzirwa. Preemptive Deployment - The deployment of token forces and assets kuratidza angangoita aggressor kuti kurwisa nyika yakatyisidzirwa kungareva kurwiswa kwevabatsiri vayo vane simba. Icho chinowanzo dzivirira, chezvematongerwo enyika kupfuura chishandiso chemauto. Zvisinei, chimwe chinhu chiito pasi peAllied Reinforcements, apo masimba uye nzira dzinotamiswa dzinonyatsokwanisa kudzivirira nyika inofa kubva pakurwiswa, asi zviito zvakadaro zvinoshandiswa chete mumamiriro ezvinhu ehondo isingadzivisiki kana kunyange mushure mokunge yatanga.

Mushanduro itsva ye "Enhanced", yakatangwa muna Chivabvu 1, 2014, NATO's Baltic Air Policing aerial reconnaissance mission yakawedzerwa kuti ibatanidze chikamu chechipiri chendege ina kuSiauliai (vose varwi ve8), chetatu chechikamu chimwe chete chiri kuÄmari. . muEstonia, kumaodzanyemba kweTallinn, uye wechina muMalbork, Poland. Panguva ino, vana veBritish Eurofighter Typhoon uye varwi vana vePolish MiG-29 vakaonekwa muSiauliai, ina Danish F-16s muEmari, uye ina French Rafales muMalbork. Kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 2015, nekuda kwekugadzikana kwemamiriro ezvinhu, basa rakaderedzwa zvakare kuita varwi vana muSiauliai uye varwi vana muÄmari.

Kubva muna Chivabvu 2019, pakaonekwa zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekunetsana mudunhu redu, panguva ino zvine chekuita nekurwiswa kwecyber nyika dzeBaltic, twumisikidzo twainongedzera kuRussian Federation, mhirizhonga muSiauliai yakawedzera zvakare kusvika varwi vasere. Muzhizha ra2021, varwi vana veTurkey F-16 vakaonekwa muMalbork, asi kubva mumatsutso nhamba yevarwi pazvigadziko muEstonia neLithuania yakawedzera kusvika 14-16 (kiyi yechipiri yakatanga kuva muÄmari). Kutanga muna Ndira 2022, apo hungwaru hweNATO hwakaratidza kuti hondo muUkraine yakanga yatove yakanyanya kuitika, NATO yakawedzera kutenderera kwemhepo mishoni muBaltic States yanga ichiitisa dzimwe nguva kufamba kwemhepo. Mamwe mavhisi akarongwa, nepo mamwe akatangwa pane imwe nyaya-ne-kesi apo ruzivo rwavo rwemagetsi rwakarekodha kusimuka kwendege yeRussia yekucherekedza, iyo yaive yakajairika kupinda mukati kana kuita "zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha", zvakare apo huchenjeri hwemagetsi hwaive. inoitwa pamwe nemiganhu yegungwa yenyika dzeNATO dziri munzvimbo yepasirese airspace.

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