Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pecrossover, SUV uye SUV
Migwagwa yakanaka yakagara ichivakwa, asi kubudirira chaiko muindasitiri iyi kwakaitika pakupera kwehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechi20 kuburikidza neUnited States. Iyo gigantic road network yakagadzirwa uye yakarongeka, iyo yakakonzerawo dhizaini yemotokari zhinji. Aive emhando dzevatyairi sedans ane yakaderera pasi clearance, hombe base uye yakakosha overhangs yemuviri. Vagari vemo vakatsetseka asphalt kongiri nzvimbo.
Asi nhoroondo yemotokari haina kuguma ipapo, uye zvisingatarisirwi, kukura kwekombiki yemotokari nekutanga kwezana remakore rechi21 kwakashandura kune rimwe divi.
Pasinei nekumwe kuvandudzwa kwemigwagwa, motokari dzakagadzirirwa kufamba mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu dzakatanga kuuya mumafashoni. MaSUV aivepo kare, asi ipapo aidiwa chaizvo.
Iye zvino watova mutambo, mumutauro wechirungu chekare chezwi, ndiko kuti, basa revarume vasina chimwe chekuita.
Ko SUV inoita sei?
Mota yakajairwa yekushandisa, chinangwa chikuru chekufamba nemitoro uye vafambi vakati wandei pane chero nzvimbo isina kushata ine mitsetse yemotokari dzinodhonzwa nemabhiza, yachinja.
Zvakadaro, hapana akada kushandura kutyaira mota kuita senge shasha.
Nokudaro, chete zvinhu zvikuru zveSUV zvakachengetedzwa uye zvakasimbiswa, izvo zvinogona kunyatsozivikanwa:
Yekutanga. Kunze, yakakura uye ine kamuri chiteshi chengoro muviri, yakanyatso kuenderana nekutenga nzendo uye nzendo refu.
Hunhu angularity uye maitiro akajeka akananga kuhupamhi hwemukati vhoriyamu, kazhinji inosimbiswa nehofori expeditionary padenga rack, yakakonzera tsika yekureva miviri yakadai sezita rakazvimirira rekuti "SUV" kana kunyange "Jeep".
Yechipiri. Chimiro chesimba chemuviri muchimiro chechimiro chakati sandara chemigero ine simba ine maviri longitudinal spars kwehurefu hwese hwemota uye akawanda machinjiro. Inonzi ladder type.
Chinangwa chayo chikuru, zvisinganzwisisike, ndechekupa kuchinjika kumuviri, pasina izvo hapana chekuita mukugara kunze kwenzira. Chimiro chakaomarara chingave chakakurisa kana kudonha kubva pakuremerwa nguva dzose.
Hongu, uye kuronda pamusoro nemavhiri mana ose kunoda kuchinjika. Asi motokari dzemazuva ano dzinoda furemu zvakanyanya kunyaradza. Iyo inonyatso kuparadzanisa mukati kubva kune ese mavicissitudes anowanikwa nechassis.
Chetatu. Geometrically, mota iri nani kuchinjirwa kune yakaoma nzira mbiri pane yakajairika mota.
Iyo yepasi clearance (clearance) yakawedzerwa, iyo inonzi ramp angle yakakosha, iyo inobvumidza iwe kukungurukira pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi pasina chirango, kumberi uye kumashure kwepamusoro kudiki, iyo inosarudza iyo yakakura angles yekupinda uye yekubuda kune ledge uye curbs. .
Chechina. Masimba emagetsi anoreva kuvapo kweinjini ine simba, iri nani pane injini yedhiziri, ine mari yakawanda uye yakasimba, yakaomesesa off-road yekufambisa ine mavhiri ese uye hunyanzvi hwekuwedzera torque.
Pakati pezvese inyaya yekuchinjisa, uko iyo modhi yekutonga iripo uye iyo demultiplier yakaiswa, iyi inowedzera downshift.
Cheshanu. Kumiswa kwakanaka kwekunze kwemugwagwa kunofanirwa kusanganisa zvivakwa zvakawanda, kazhinji zvakapesana.
Kutyaira paasphalt, uye zhinji dzemota idzi dzinopedza hupenyu hwavo hwese ipapo, inofanirwa kupa kubata kwakanaka, zvikasadaro mota inozoshoropodzwa mumapepanhau uye haizotengwe.
Ehe, uye hapana akadzima chengetedzo, asi mumigwagwa iwe unofanirwa kuve uine risingaperi simba rekushandisa, mavhiri makuru ekufamba, kuchengetedza uye kusimba kwekuchengetedza. Wedzera izvi nechishuwo chakazara chehupfumi uye zvichabuda pachena kuti ibasa ripi rakaoma ratinofanira kugadzirisa.
Kunyangwe nemutengo wakakwira unouya nazvo zvese, maSUV ari kudiwa zvakanyanya, ane mukurumbira, uye akatoburitsa mamwe makirasi emotokari.
Chii chinonzi parquet pasi
Izwi rakaonekwa sechitarisiko chemotokari kunze dzakafanana neSUVs, asi dzisina kukodzera zvachose kutyaira mumigwagwa yakaipa. Ndokureva kuti, kuwirirana kwese pakati pehunhu hwemota dzemumugwagwa nemota dzese-dzinofambiswa zvakanyanya kuenda kune yekutanga.
Nokudaro chirevo muzita, icho chinotaura nezvemhando yakanyatsokodzera yekupfekedza yemotokari dzakadaro.
Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvose zvekunze uye chikamu chemukati chiripo. Muviri wakadzikama, une hutsinye, kunyangwe wakapfava munzira yekutaridzika kweaerodynamic, mavhiri mana-mavhiri anowanzo kuchengetwa, kunyangwe mushanduro yakapfava. Iwo off-road mabasa ekutapurirana akabviswa kana kupera simba uye otomatiki.
Simba reinjini rinodiwa pano zvakanyanya kumhanya uye simba pane yakadzika madhaka, jecha nechando. Iyo geometry iri nani zvishoma pane iyo sedans uye hatchbacks, asi iri kure nenzvimbo yese. Mavhiri makuru anoramba ari chinhu chekugadzira, nepo matai akaderera akaiswa asina kukodzera kumigwagwa yakaputsika.
Kune rimwe divi, maSUV ane kubata kwakanaka, kunogara kuri nyore kune vatyairi, muviri wakaomarara unotakura uye kunyaradza kwakanyanya mukati mekabhini. Mutengo, hongu, uriwo pamwero wepamusoro.
Mota dziri nyore mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, zvakanyanya hupfumi kupfuura mota dzemumigwagwa, dzinokutendera kuti ukunde matambudziko madiki emamiriro ekunze uye makiromita ekupedzisira emusuwo weimba yenyika.
Hazvishamisi kuti vakakurumidza kuve vane fashoni uye vakakunda mukwikwidzi kubva kune yakajairika mota yevafambi. Ikozvino ndiyo kirasi yakakura kwazvo pamusika.
Crossover Features
Izwi iro pacharo rinoreva kusanganiswa mune imwe kirasi yemotokari uye maficha emamwe maviri kana anopfuura mamwe makirasi. Yakasarudzika mahybrids, kunyangwe izwi iri rakagarwa nemimwe michina.
Yakajairwa crossover ndeye symbiosis yeSUV uye yevatyairi chiteshi ngoro, kunyangwe paine macrossovers akavakirwa pamasedan, coupes, hatchbacks uye kunyange anotendeuka.
Yakajairwa seti yezvivakwa yakaumbwa zvakare, iyo isingasanganisire mamwe maitirwo:
- muviri kazhinji kazhinji une mikova mishanu, kusanganisira imwe yenzvimbo yekutakura mikwende;
- injini iri mhiri pamberi pemotokari;
- mota dziri mudhatabhesi dziri pamberi-mavhiri, asi ivo zvakare vane mavhiri ese-mavhiri vhezheni yemubhadharo;
- kudhiraivha kumavhiri ekumashure kunoitwa kuburikidza neyakapfava yekuchinjisa kesi muchimiro cheangular gearbox;
- iyo yekumashure axle inobatanidzwa otomatiki kuburikidza ne friction yemagetsi kana hydraulic clutch yakaiswa mu block ine yekumashure axle gearbox;
- pasi pemvumo ndeye 15-20 centimita, overhangs inoderedzwa.
Crossovers akavakirwa pamapuratifomu emota dzevatyairi uye anenge asingatombo shandisa SUV zvikamu zvinogadzirwa nekambani imwechete. Hapana furemu inoshandiswa, kunyangwe ma subframes akaiswa kuti avandudze kunyaradza uye kubata.
Chishuvo chekuzvimisikidza muchikamu chakakurumbira chinotungamira kune mamiriro ekuda kuziva apo hatchback yakasimudzwa zvishoma, ndiko kuti, nekuwedzera kubvumidzwa kwevhu, inonzi crossover, uyezve iyo yakaparadzana-vhezheni inoburitswa.
Saka, semuenzaniso, zvakaitika kune vepamba Lada X-ray. Hazvina kusekesa kutaridzika kwemacrossovers kubva kuLamborghini, Bentley, Rolls-Royce uye kunyange Ferrari. Mafashoni uye kukosha kwekutevera maitiro ayo zvakakosha pakubudirira kwemakambani emotokari.
