Hydrogen uye yakaderera kabhoni hydrogen
Zviri mukati
Green kana Decarbonated Hydrogen: Chii Chinochinja Kuenzaniswa neGrey Hydrogen
Yakarongedzerwa sesimba rinodzokororwa maringe nemafuta efossil
Kunyange zvazvo nyika dzepasi rose dzichiedza kuderedza kusvibiswa kwadzo, kushandiswa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emagetsi ari kuongororwa, kunyanya kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi ekugadzirisa (hydraulic, wind uye solar), asi kwete chete.
Saka, haidhirojeni inowanzoratidzwa sesimba rinodzokororwa rine ramangwana rakajeka nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati: kushanda kwemafuta kune peturu, zviwanikwa zvakawanda, uye kushomeka kwekusvibisa. Inoonekwawo semhinduro yekuchengetedza simba sezvo network yemapombi anotakurwa nawo anotanga kukura (4500 km yemapaipi akazvitsaurira pasi rese). Ndicho chikonzero nei ichiwanzoonekwa sehuni yemangwana. Mukuwedzera, Europe iri kuisa mari yakawanda mairi, seFrance neGermany, iyo yakatanga zvirongwa zvekutsigira kugadzirwa kwehydrogen pamutengo we7 bhiriyoni euros uye 9 bhiriyoni euros imwe neimwe.
Zvisinei, hydrogen haisati yazivikanwa. Kunyange zvazvo ikozvino isiri kushandiswa pamwero mukuru semafuta emafuta emafuta mumotokari dzemagetsi, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumashandisirwo emabhizimisi. Icho chinotova chinhu chakakosha kune mamwe mabasa akadai sekukwenenzvera kana desulphurization yemafuta. Anoshandawo mune metallurgy, agribusiness, chemistry ... MuFrance chete, 922 matani ehydrogen anogadzirwa uye anopedzwa gore negore kuitira kugadzirwa kwepasi rose kwemamiriyoni makumi manomwe ematani.
Nhoroondo yakanyanyisa kusvibisa kugadzirwa kwehydrogen
Asi iye zvino mufananidzo wacho hausi kure nekunaka. Nekuti kana hydrogen ikasasvibisa nharaunda, chinhu chisingawanikwe sezvachiri mumasikirwo, kunyangwe akati wandei asingawanzo wanikwa akawanikwa. Nokudaro, inoda kugadzirwa kwakananga, mune imwe nzira iyo inonyanya kusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza, sezvo inobudisa yakawanda CO2 uye mu 95% yematambudziko anobva pane fossil fuels.
Nhasi, kunenge kwese kugadzirwa kwehydrogen kunoenderana nekubuda kwegasi rechisikigo (methane), iyo chikamu oxidation yemafuta, kana pane gasification yemarasha. Chero zvazvingava, kugadzirwa kwekirogiramu imwe yehydrogen inobereka anenge 10 kg yeCO2. Panyaya yezvakatipoteredza, tichadzoka, sezvo mwero wepasi rose kugadzirwa kwehydrogen (63 miriyoni matani) nokudaro uchigadzira yakaenzana ne CO2 emissions kubva mukufamba kwese kwemhepo!
Kugadzirwa kweElectrolysis
Saka hairodhirojeni iyi ingave yakanakira kusvibiswa kwemhepo sei kana ichingobvisa kusvibiswa kumusoro kwerwizi?
Pane imwe nzira yekugadzira haidrojeni: electrolysis. Fossil simba rekugadzira rinobva ranzi grey hydrogen, nepo mvura electrolysis kugadzirwa inoburitsa yakaderera kana yakaderera kabhoni hydrogen.
Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, iyi nzira yekugadzira inobvumira kuti haidhirojeni igadzirwe uku ichidzikamisa kabhoni yayo, kureva kuti, pasina kushandiswa kwefossil simba uye nekushomeka kweCO2. Kuita uku kunoda mvura chete (H2O) nemagetsi, izvo zvinoita kuti dihydrogen (H2) neoxygen (O) zvidimbu zvisiyane.
Zvakare, haidhirojeni inogadzirwa ne electrolysis i "low kabhoni" chete kana magetsi anopa simba ariwo "carbonated".
Parizvino, mutengo wekugadzira haidrojeni ne electrolysis zvakare wakakwira zvakanyanya, zvakapetwa kaviri kana kana kupfuura izvo zvekugadzira chiutsi, zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye tsvakiridzo.
Mafuta emota dzemangwana?
Iyi ndiyo haidrojeni isina kabhoni iri kusimudzirwa nezvirongwa zvebudiriro zveFrance neGerman. Pakutanga, iyi haidrojeni inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zveindasitiri uye inopawo yakakwira yekufambisa imwe nzira iyo mabhatiri asiri sarudzo. Izvi zvinoshanda kune zvifambiso zvenjanji, marori, zvifambiso zverwizi negungwa, kana kunyange kutakura kwendege ... kunyangwe paine kufambiswa mberi maererano nendege yezuva.
Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti hydrogen mafuta sero anogona simba injini yemagetsi kana kuchaja bhatiri yakabatana nayo nekuzvimiririra kukuru panguva yekuwedzera mafuta mumaminetsi mashoma, sezvakangoita neinjini yekupisa kwemukati, asi isina kuburitsa CO2 kana zvidimbu uye mhute yemvura chete. Asi zvakare, sezvo mari yekugadzira yakakwira kupfuura mutengo wekunatsa peturu nemainjini, ayo parizvino ari kudhura zvakanyanya, hydrogen mafuta cell haatarisirwe kukura nekukurumidza munguva pfupi, kunyangwe Hydrogen Council inofungidzira kuti mafuta aya anogona kusimba. 10 kusvika 15 mamiriyoni emotokari mumakore gumi anotevera.
