USS Hornet Chikamu chekutanga
Mutakuri wendege "Hornet", yakavambwa nevashandi mukupera kwemasikati kwaGumiguru 26, 1942. NHHC
Mutakuri wendege USS Hornet akanyura muna Gumiguru 27, 1942 padyo neSanta Cruz archipelago ndokuva mutakuri wendege wekupedzisira wezvikepe zvakarasika muhondo neUS Navy. Basa rake rakangotora gore chete. Kune rumwe rutivi, akasimbisa chimiro chechimiro chevatakuri vendege dzakawanda, i.e. kunzwisiswa kune kamwe chete, kunoratidzika kunge kusiri-kutyisidzira hupenyu, kune rumwe rutivi, kusadzika kwayo kwengano kwakadzika munhoroondo yehondo mugungwa. Chii chakapesvedzera magumo ekupedzisira eHornet? Kukanganisa kwekugadzira? Kurwiswa kwemuvengi zvisina mhosva here? Chikepe chingave chakanyanya kurwisa torpedo hits? Zvichava zvakaoma kuziva, asi iwe unogona kuunza nguva dzake dzekupedzisira pedyo.
Kuvaka mukana wakarasika
Hornet (CV 8) yakavakwa sechikamu chechitatu chekirasi yeYorktown. Mushure mekunge maviri ekutanga (Yorktown CV 5 muna 1937 uye Enterprise CV 6 muna 1938) aiswa mubasa, akaonekwa semapurojekiti akabudirira kwazvo, achibatanidza zvese zvakanakisa zvemhando dzakapfuura dzevatakuri vendege. Kutamiswa kwezvikepe zvitsva kwaiva tani 20 000, kureba kwese kwaiva mamita 247. Imwe-nhurikidzwa yakazaruka hangar ine zviyero zve 166,4 × 19,3 m uye kureba kwemamita 5,3 yakavakwa zvakananga pafuselage, inogara kusvika ku90 ndege. Kukurukurirana pakati pe hangar ne- cockpit kwakaitwa kuti kubvire nema lift matatu.
Nhumbi dzezvombo dzaisanganisira dhiza rekudzivirira pamusoro peimba yeinjini, magazini ezvombo uye matangi emhepo (pane deki IV kubva pa35 kusvika 168 mafuremu) 38 mm mukobvu (kumativi akadzikira kusvika 25 mm) uye jira rezvombo riri mubhodhi rehurefu hwakafanana. uye ukobvu kubva 102 mm pamusoro pemutsetse wemvura kusvika 64 mm pasi payo. Iyo nhare yakavharwa neyakachinjika bulkheads 102 mm mukobvu. Kusanyura kwakavimbiswa nezvikamu makumi maviri nenhanhatu zvisingapindi mvura uye pasi kaviri paurefu hwese hwechikepe. Makamuri makuru akagarwa nemagetsi emagetsi, ayo aive nemakamuri matatu ebhaira (akaparadzaniswa neaviri longitudinal bulkheads imwe neimwe) nemakamuri maviri einjini. Iyo anti-torpedo yekudzivirira system yakapihwa neatatu longitudinal bulkheads anomhanya kubva paframe No. 26 kusvika kuframe No. Pakati pezvikepe, munzvimbo yekamuri yekubikira - chinhambwe kubva kudivi rechikepe kusvika kune yekutanga bulkhead yaive 64 m, pakati pevamwe - 162 m. Munzvimbo yeinjini. kamuri, sisitimu yakawedzera kusvika mana bulkheads, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kusvika mashanu. Zvinoenderana nefungidziro yekufungidzira, aigona kutsungirira kuputika kwechaji ine yakaenzana ne10 kg yeTNT.
Injini yekamuri yevatakuri vendege "Yorktown" yaive nemaseti mana ematurbines (imwe neimwe yaive neyakajairwa yakakwira-kudzvanya turbine uye yakaderera-inomanikidza jet turbine ine inodzoreredzwa turbine yakaiswa muhull) ine simba re4 hp. chimwe nechimwe. Kudzikiswa kwekumhanyisa kwakapihwa negiya-giya mabhokisi. Mitsetse mina yeshaft yainyanya kubuda kunze kwehull uye yaida tsigiro mbiri kune imwe neimwe. Mune ese matatu mabhailer compartments, 30 boilers akaiswa, ari mukuwirirana mumakamuri akasiyana asina mvura. Mitsara miviri yekutanga (000 double chamber Babcock & Wilcox boilers) yakabudisa 3 kg/cm6 yakazara (yakanyorova) steam, iyo yakapihwa kumutsara wekupedzisira wemabhailer matatu akanyanya kupisa. Vakagadzira superheated (yakaoma) steam ine pressure ye31,64 kgf/cm2 uye tembiricha ye28,12°C. Yakabva yadyiswa nemapaipi makuru matatu ehutsi kuenda kuimba yeinjini. Mumakamuri maviri kumberi nekumashure kweimba yeinjini, kune 2 turbogenerator ine simba re342 kW imwe neimwe, iyo inogadzira magetsi, uye imwe yekukurumidzira dhiziri jenareta yakaiswa ne2 kW jenareta (1000 kW paHornet). Ngarava yaitungamirirwa nechidzoreso chekuenzanisa nemagetsi emagetsi.
Imwe mutakuri wendege iri kuvakwa yaive Wasp (CV 7), ine 15 tonne kudzikiswa mukutamiswa nekuda kwezvirambidzo zvakatoshandiswa pasi peChibvumirano cheWashington. Muna 000, pashure pokunge zvirambidzo zvapera, mamwe mayuniti maviri ane kutamiswa kwematani 1938 20 akagadzirwa maererano nepurojekiti itsva.Chinjo huru yakanga iri yokuva imba yeinjini itsva ine gadziriro inochinjana yeboiler nekamuri dzekamuri dzeinjini, iyo yaizoita kusabvisa kumisa kwesimba remagetsi neimwe chaiyo torpedo (semuenzaniso, kuputika pamusoro pemusoro unoparadzanisa makamuri ese einjini). Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuremerwa kwebasa remadhizaini ezvikepe zvehondo zveIowa-class, dhizaini yerudzi rutsva rwemutakuri wendege akakwevera mberi kweinenge mwedzi gumi nemishanu, izvo zvaive zvisingagamuchirwe nekuda kwekuipa kwemamiriro ezvinhu muAsia uye muEurope. Hondo yeUnited States yaida chimwe chikwata, ichitora nguva pfupi yekuvaka. Sarudzo yemuzvarirwo yaive yekutevedzera chirongwa cheYorktown. Uye zvino Hornet yakave yechisere inotakura ndege yeUS Navy, yakavakwa maererano nehurongwa hwakachinjika zvishoma (semuenzaniso, chimiro cheiyo superstructure, mast yakachinjwa zvishoma, zvitsva zvenguva refu Mk 000 yakawedzerwa kudzora pfuti yepakati). Izvi zvakaderedza nguva yekuvaka kusvika kumakore maviri chete - keel yakaiswa musi waSeptember 15, 37, uye chikepe chakapinda mubasa musi waOctober 25, 1939. Yechipiri yezvikamu zvakarongwa (CV 20) yakave yakatangira imwe mutsara wendege itsva. vatakuri verudzi rweEssex (yekutanga - USS Essex CV-1941 yakapinda sevhisi chete pazuva rekupedzisira raDecember 9).
