Volkswagen Santana: muenzaniso nhoroondo, tuning, muridzi wongororo
Volkswagen Santana, akaberekerwa muGermany, akakwanisa kukunda inenge hafu yenyika nokukurumidza. Munyika dzakasiyana, aizivikanwa pasi pemazita akawanda akasiyana, asi chimwe chinhu chakaramba chisina kuchinjwa - unhu hweGermany. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei motokari, chaizvoizvo, yakapfuura kuburikidza nekuzvarwa patsva - havagoni kuramba Volkswagen Santana.
Mhedziso yehuwandu
Volkswagen Santana ndiye munun'una wechizvarwa chechipiri Passat (B2). Motokari yakatanga kuratidzwa kuvanhu muna 1981, uye muna 1984 kugadzirwa kwayo kwakatanga.
Iyo mota yaiitirwa kunyanya kuSouth America neAsia musika. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti munyika dzakasiyana akagamuchira mazita akasiyana. Saka, muU.SA neCanada yaizivikanwa seQuantum, muMexico - seCorsar, muArgentina - Carat, uye muBrazil chete nedzimwe nyika muSouth America yakarangarirwa chaizvo seVolkswagen Santana. Kusvikira 1985, zita rakadaro raivapo muEurope, asi zvakazosarudzwa kuti vasiye nokuda Passat.
Volkswagen Santana (China)
MuChina, "Santana" yakawana, zvichida, mukurumbira mukuru, uye zvakaitika nokukurumidza zvikuru: muna 1983, motokari yekutanga yakadaro yakaungana pano, uye kare muna 1984, mubatanidzwa weGermany-Chinese, Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive, wakagadzirwa.
Pakutanga, sedan isina kuzvikudza yakagadzirwa ne 1,6-litre peturu injini; kubvira 1987, mutsara weinjini wakazadzwa ne 1,8-litre unit, uyewo peturu. Mota dzakadaro dzakashanda pamwe chete negiya bhokisi rechina. Motokari dzine injini ye-1,6-litre dzakasiyaniswa nekuwedzera kuvimbika uye kushanda, uye naizvozvo vaifarira zvikuru vatyairi vetekisi. Mukugadzirisa uku, motokari yakawanikwa kusvika 2006.
Pasinei nekure kure kubva kunyika yeGermany, uko zvishamiso zvose zveunyanzvi zvenguva iyoyo zvakaitwa, veChinese Santanas vakazvikudza zvakawanda zvitsva, kusanganisira Bosch electronic jekiseni system uye ABS nemagetsi brake force distribution.
Muna 1991, Santana 2000 yakasvika kuChina, uye kugadzirwa kwevanhu vakawanda kwakatanga muna 1995. Panenge panguva imwe cheteyo, akasvika kuBrazil. MaChinese "Santana" kubva kuBrazil "hanzvadzi" akasiyaniswa neakareba - 2 mm - wheelbase.
Muna 2004, Santana 3000 yakaonekwa. Motokari inosiyaniswa kubva kune avo vakatangira nemitsetse inowanzopfava; panguva imwecheteyo, kuwanda kwechikamu cheshure chakawedzera - trunk inotaridzika zvakanyanya; hatch yakaonekwa. Motokari iyi yakatanga kuwanikwa ine injini dzepeturu dze1,6 uye 1,8 litres; muna 2006, maviri-litre unit yakaonekwa.
Muna 2008, "Santana" "akaberekwazve" muVolkswagen Vista - inogona kuonekwa ne mesh grille, chrome moldings uye taillights ine denderedzwa zvinhu.
Tafura: Volkswagen Santana yakatarwa kuChina
| Santana | Santana 2000 | Santana 3000 | maonero | |
| Rudzi rwemuviri | 4-gonhi sedan | |||
| Injini | 4-sitiroko, SOHC | |||
| Kureba, mm | 4546 | 4680 | 4687 | 4687 |
| Upamhi, mm | 1690 | 1700 | 1700 | 1700 |
| Kureba, mm | 1427 | 1423 | 1450 | 1450 |
| Kurema, kg | 1030 | 1120 | 1220-1248 | 1210 |
Nissan Santana (Japan)
MuJapan, iyo automaker yeGermany yakawana shamwari yakavimbika mumunhu wemutungamiri weNissan, Takashi Ishihara, uye muna 1984 nyika yechitsuwa yakatanga kugadzirwa kweSantana, kunyange iri pasi peNissan brand. Nissan Santana yaivepo ine matatu enjini sarudzo - 1,8 uye 2,0 peturu, ichigadzira 100 uye 110 hp. zvichiteerana, pamwe neiyo 1,6 turbodiesel ine 72 hp. Injini dzose dzakashanda ne "mechanics" shanu-speed, uye matatu-speed "otomatiki" aivapo kune zvikamu zve petrol.
Kunze, maJapan "Santana" akasiyaniswa negrille yakakosha uye mwenje. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo Nissan Santana yaive yakatetepa ne5mm pane vamwe vayo vekuGerman kudzivirira mutero weJapan pamotokari dzinopfuura 1690mm yakafara.
Muna Chivabvu 1985, Autobahn vhezheni yeXi5 yakawedzerwa kumutsara, ichiwana zvigaro zvemitambo, sunroofs uye 14" alloy mavhiri. Muna Ndira 1987, kukwidziridzwa kwechiso kwakaitwa, nekuda kwekuti Santana yakagamuchira mamwe mabumpers makuru.
Kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzeNissan Santana muJapan kwakaguma muna 1991 - hofori yeGerman "yakachinja" Nissan neToyota.
Volkswagen Santana (Brazil)
Motokari yeGermany yakasvika kuBrazil muna 1984. Pano yakaratidzwa muhuwandu hwekugadzirisa - sedan ine magonhi mana uye maviri, pamwe chete neQuantum station wagon. MaSantana ekuBrazil aive ne1,8 kana 2 litre injini dzaigona kushanda nepeturu kana ethanol (!). Pakutanga, ese masimba emagetsi akabatanidzwa nechina-kumhanya giya bhokisi; kubvira 1987, shanduko ine shanu-kumhanya gearbox yave kuwanikwa.
Tafura: Volkswagen Santana Zvinyorwa zveBrazil
| Kureba, mm | 4600 |
| Upamhi, mm | 1700 |
| Kureba, mm | 1420 |
| Wiricheya, mm | 2550 |
| Weight kg | 1160 |
Muna 1991, chikamu cheBrazil cheVolkswagen chakatanga mubatanidzwa neFord. Nekudaro, pachinzvimbo chekugadzira shanduko nyowani yePassat (B2), zvakasarudzwa kutora nzira yekushomeka kushoma uye kuvakazve Santana. Chimiro chemuviri, trunk line, nezvimwewo zvakashandurwa, izvo zvakabvumira motokari kuwana kutarisa kwemazuva ano. Santana itsva yakatengeswa kuBrazil seFord Versailles uye seFord Galaxy kuArgentina.
Kugadzirwa kwe "Santana" muBrazil kwakazodzikiswa muna 2002.
Volkswagen Corsar (Mexico)
Santana, iyo yakagamuchira zita rekuti Corsair munyika itsva, yakasvika mumusika weMexico muna 1984. MuMexico, iyo Corsair yakaitirwa kuve yakasarudzika uye kukwikwidza kwete nemhando dzepakati-renji, asi neumbozha seChrysler LeBaron "K", Chevrolet Celebrity, Ford Grand Marquis.
Iyo Corsair yaive ne 1,8-litre injini ine 85 hp, yakapetwa neina-kumhanya kwemanyorero ekufambisa. Nekunze, iyo "Mexican" yaitaridzika seyakafanana neyayo yeEurope kupfuura mhando dzeAmerica. Kunze, iyo "Corsair" yaisiyaniswa nemakona mana emusoro, 13-inch alloy mavhiri; mukati maive makasimudzwa nebhuruu kana grey velor; paive necassette player, alarm system, power steering.
Muna 1986, iyo Corsair yakagadziridzwa - iyo radiator grille yakachinja, magirazi emagetsi uye yemukati yeganda dema yakavepo senge sarudzo. Kudivi rehunyanzvi, shanu-speed manual transmission yakawedzerwa.
Muna 1988, kugadzirwa kwe "Corsairs" muMexico kwakamira mukuwirirana nekumiswa kwekugadzirwa kwe "Santana" modhi muEurope. Zvisinei, munyika yeLatin America vanhu vachiri kunakidzwa nekutyaira Corsairs, vachicherechedza kuti iyi haisi yakavimbika chete, asiwo motokari yemamiriro ezvinhu.
Volkswagen Carat (Argentina)
Santana akagamuchira chimiro chitsva muArgentina, kwaakasvika muna 1987; apa akazozivikanwa se "Karat". Pano, semumisika zhinji yeAmerica, yaive ne 1,8 kana 2-litre injini yepeturu, iyo yakabatanidzwa ne "mechanics" inomhanya shanu. Pakati pehunyanzvi hutsva, iyo Karat yaive yakazvimiririra yekumisa kumberi, air conditioning, mahwindo emagetsi. Zvisinei, kugadzirwa kwemotokari muArgentina kwakapera muna 1991.
Tafura: maitiro eVolkswagen Santana (Carat) gadziriso yeArgentina
| 1,8 litita injini | 2,0 litita injini | |
| Simba, hp | 96 | 100 |
| Kushandiswa kwemafuta, l pa100 km | 10 | 11,2 |
| Max. kumhanya, km / h | 168 | 171 |
| Kureba, mm | 4527 | |
| Upamhi, mm | 1708 | |
| Kureba, mm | 1395 | |
| Wiricheya, mm | 2550 | |
| Weight kg | 1081 | |
New Santana
Gumiguru 29, 2012 muWolfsburg, Germany, Volkswagen New Santana yakaunzwa, yakagadzirirwa musika wekuChina uye yakagadzirirwa kukwikwidza neSkoda Rapid, Seat Toledo neVolkswagen Jetta.
Silhouette, kunyanya muprofile kune trunk, iyo itsva "Santana" yakafanana ne "Skoda Rapid". Iyo yemukati ye "Santana" itsva inosiyaniswa nekufunga kwekugadzira uye ergonomics. Mukuwedzera, kunyange mujinga, motokari ine airbags, kwete chete mberi, asiwo kumativi, air conditioning uye kunyange kupaka sensors.
Iyo itsva "Santana" inowanikwa nemhando mbiri dzeinjini dzepeturu - 1,4 uye 1,6 malita, simba - 90 uye 110 hp. zvichiteerana. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mudiki injini inodya chete 5,9 malita emafuta pamakiromita 100 musanganiswa muoti, uye mukuru - 6 litres. Ose akapetwa neshanu-speed manual transmission.
Kugadzira Volkswagen Santana
Muchokwadi, hapana zvigadziriso zvakanangana neVolkswagen Santana pamusika weRussia - chete zvikamu zvakasara kubva pakushambadzira. "Santana", sezvavanotaura, "mapurazi akabatanidzwa", achishandisa chinangwa ichi akakodzera zvikamu zvakasara kubva kune yechitatu "Gorofu" kana "Passat" (B3).
Iyo yakajairika tuning sarudzo ndeye understatement. Mutengo wepakati wekumisa zvitubu ndeye 15 zviuru rubles. Uyewo pamotokari unogona kuisa spoilers, maviri exhaust, "magirazi" pazviedza zvemberi.
Vhidhiyo: kugadzira "Volkswagen Santana"
Connoisseurs vanosendamira kune retro tuning, pamwe kuvandudza mufananidzo wemota ine chrome moldings, nezvimwe.
Kune iyo nyowani "Santana" kune mamwe matuning sarudzo - aya "eyelashes" pane mwenje, mhepo inopinza pahood, mamwe mareti uye magirazi, nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Price list
MuRussia, yekare "Santana" yakaramba iri kunyanya mumataundi maduku. Pakutanga, mota isingaite, iyo Santana haina kudiwa zvakanyanya panzvimbo huru dzekutengesa mota - kubva muna Ndira 2018, chete hafu yegumi nemaviri yemota idzi inotengeswa munyika yose. Avhareji mutengo wemotokari 1982-1984 ne mileage kubva 150 kusvika 250 zviuru km - anenge 30-50 zviuru rubles. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti zhinji dzemotokari dzichiri kufamba.
Muridzi wemhinduro
Maonero kune vekare "Santans" anopupurirwa zvakajeka nemazita ekuti varidzi vawo vanovapa paDrive2 - "tube simbe", "peppy Fritz", "workhorse", "peppy old man", "silver assistant".
"Santanas", sekutonga, ingave yakagarwa nhaka nevaridzi vavo kana kubva kumakomuredhi avo "vakakura" kubva kumashini akadaro, kana vakatengwa kuti vadzorerwe. Varidzi vemotokari vanonyanya kutarisana nekushaikwa kwezvigadziriso. Dzimwe nguva imwe "Santana" pakufamba imotokari nhatu dzevanopa. Mutumbi weSantana unogara wakasimba, usingaite corrosion, injini ine chitubu chakareba - mota zhinji dzichiri kutyaira dzichitenderera nenyika nenzira yadzakabva pamutsetse wegungano.
Chishandiso chacho chaive chepamusoro, hachina kumbokundikana, chakatengeswa mushure mekunyimwa. Iyo carburetor yakadzokororwa paVAZ kubva kumasere. Muviri haugone kuparara, unoratidzika se zinc, asi pakanga paine matambudziko ane spare parts muchitarisiko.
Bhiza rakanaka uye rakatendeka) Usambofa wakadonha munzira, chinyararire anotasva madaro marefu. Kana ikaputsika pedyo nemba) Uye saka inofamba avhareji yemakiromita 25 pagore.
Ndakatenga mota iyi pakutanga kwezhizha, kumwe kutanga kwaJune 2015. Yakatorwa mukudzorerwa. Pfungwa yepakutanga yaive yekuita yemhando yepamusoro, asi yakazozvarwa patsva kuita mutambo. Injini inodakadza, yakashata uye inotonhora. Muviri uri muchimiro chakakwana.
Volkswagen Santana imotokari iyo, kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu ekushanda munyika dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvichida kwete mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, yakazviratidza kuva bhiza rechokwadi. Iyo Santana isarudzo yakanaka kune zvese zvebhizinesi uye nemweya: kunyangwe mota yezera inogona kumhanya nyore mumigwagwa kwemamwe makore gumi, uye kana ukaisa rudo rudiki uye kushanda nesimba muSantana, unowana yakasarudzika uye inomiririra retro mota. izvo pasina mubvunzo zvinokwezva kutarisisa uye kufadza ziso remutyairi anonyanya kuda.
