Zvese nezve matayi endege

Ivhiri rinotarisisa mabasa ese etekinoroji (kunze kwerimwe chete: padivi pekubata)

20 bar pressure, 340 km / h, tembiricha yakasiyana kubva -50 kusvika 200 ° C, pamusoro pe25 matani emutoro ...

Mushure mekuona kuti matayi eGP ndiwo musimboti wevhiri remudhudhudhu, heino imwe nzwisiso yenyika inoshamisa yematayi! Uye kuvhenekera uku kunotiunzira vhiri rendegeiro zvechokwadi bhazi rinotarisa zvakanyanya matambudziko etekinoroji. Asi ngatiisei zvimwe zvemukati tisati tasvika pamwoyo wenyaya.

4 mhuri huru uye tekinoroji gangaidzo

Nyika yendege yakakamurwa kuita mhuri ina huru: Civil aviation inoreva madiki majeti akavanzika akadai seCessna. Kubhururuka kwenharaunda kunobata ndege dzepakati-kati dzine zvigaro zve 20 kusvika ku149, iyo inofamba anenge mazana emakiromita emakiromita, pamwe chete nejeti dzebhizimisi. Commercial aviation ine simba rekushandisa transcontinental ndege. Kana iri yemauto endege, yakatumidzwa zvakakodzera.

Zvisinei, vhiri rendege rinotambura nedambudziko guru. Zvinonzi ndeye hyper-tech, asi mumatatu emhuri ina dzebhizinesi (vanhu, redunhu nendege yemauto), rubha rendege richiri kunyanya diagonally tech-savvy. Ehe, diagonal, kwete radial senge yedu yakanaka yekare kumberi yekubatanidza kana, nguva pfupi yadarika, iyo yakanaka Honda CB 750 K0! Ichi ndicho chikonzero mukubhururuka kwendege, semuenzaniso, kune akawanda mabhureki anokwanisa kupa matai.

Chikonzero chiri nyore: mukubhururuka nendege, chikamu chekubvumidza zviyero zvakaomesesa uye zvakaomarara. Saka, kana chikamu chinotenderwa pane ndege, chinosimbiswa kwehupenyu hwendege. Homoloding chimwe chikamu chingave chinodhura zvakanyanya, uye sezvo hupenyu hwendege hunosvika makumi matatu emakore, dzimwe nguva kureba, matanho etekinoroji anononoka kupfuura mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Nekudaro, chizvarwa chitsva chega chega chendege chinomhanyisa chiyero chemusika radialization.

Izvi zvakanyanya kuoma mukutengesa ndege, uko zviyero zvakatonyanya kuomarara. Naizvozvo, matai ari radial, uye vatambi vaviri chete ndivo vanoziva tekinoroji iyi uye vanogovana musika: Michelin uye Bridgestone. Welcome to lerepairedespilotesdavion.com !!

Hupenyu (hwakaoma) hweBoeing kana Airbus vhiri rendege

Fungidzira kuti uri bhazi rendege (pasina chikonzero, vaHindu vanorota kuberekwazve semombe kana kuti ruva romuroti). Saka, uri vhiri rendege rakasungirirwa, toti, Airbus A340 kana Boeing 777, mune yavo yenguva refu vhezheni. Iwe wakanyarara pane tarmac yeTerminal 2F muRoissy. Mikoto yabviswa. Kunhuwa kutsva. Vashandi vari kuuya. Hmm, vaenzi vakanaka nhasi! Mabhini akavhurika, mikwende inopinda, vatakuri voenda, vanofara kuenda kuzororo. Matireyi echikafu akaiswa: nyama yemombe kana yehuku?

Ukuwo, unonzwa kuremerwa zvishoma, sokunge wakadzvinyirirwa mumapfudzi ako. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti anenge 200 malita eparafini achangobva kukandwa mumapapiro ako. Zvose zvinosanganisira, ndege inogona kurema matani 000. Zviripachena, hausi wega kuti utakure huremu hwose uhwu: Airbus A380 ine matai gumi nemana, iyo A340, 14. Zvisineyi, kunyangwe hukuru hwako huchifananidzwa nehukuru hwevhiri rerori, unofanira kutakura mutoro wematani makumi maviri nemanomwe, nepo matayi erori anongotakura avhareji yematani mashanu.

Munhu wese akagadzirira kutanga. Slide activation. Ndichitarisa pamusuwo wakatarisana nawo. Zvinokurwadza ipapo. Nekuti kusiya pakumhara, ndege yakaremerwa inotenderera yega kuti ibude munzvimbo yayo yekumisa. Rabha revhiri richaita kugera, rudzi rwekubvarura panzvimbo yekubata. Ooh!

Chii chinonzi "taxi" nguva: tekisi pakati pegedhi uye runway. Rwendo urwu runoitwa nekumhanya kwakaderedzwa, asi sezvo nhandare dzendege dzinokura, zvinogona kuitwa kweanopfuura makiromita mashoma. Pano, idzi hadzisiwo nhau dzakanaka kwauri: vhiri rakaremerwa zvakanyanya, rinotenderera kwenguva refu uye rinopisa. Zvakatonyanya kuipa panhandare yendege hombe ine tembiricha yepamusoro (eg Johannesburg); zviri nani munhandare diki yendege munyika dzekuchamhembe (semuenzaniso Ivalo).

Pamberi penzira: gasi! Mumasekonzi anenge 45, mutyairi wendege anosvika pakusimuka kwake (250 kusvika 320 km/h zvichienderana nesimba rendege nemhepo). Uku ndiko kuedza kwekupedzisira kwevhiri rendege: miganho yekumhanyisa inowedzerwa kumutoro uye ipapo vhiri rinogona kupisa kwenguva pfupi kusvika pamusoro pe250 ° C. Kana rava mumhepo, vhiri rinopinda mugomba kwemaawa akawanda. Kumborara, neshungu? Ndizvo, kunze kwe -50 ° C! Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, zvinhu zvakawanda zvichava zvakaoma sehuni uye brittle segirazi: kwete vhiri rendege, iro rinozofanira kukurumidza kudzorera hunhu hwayo hwese.

Mukuwedzera, iyo runway inoonekwa. Buruka muchitima. Ndege inobata pasi zvakanaka nekumhanya kwe240 km / h. Kune tire, iyi mufaro, nokuti pane inenge isina parafini, saka zvinhu zvose zvinorema matani zana zvishoma, uye naizvozvo panguva yekuedza izvi zvinongokwira kusvika kukushisa kwe120 ° C! Kune rumwe rutivi, carbon discs inopisa zvishoma, iyo 8 tracks iyo inogadzira kupfuura 1200 ° C yekupisa. Kuri kupisa! Mamwe mashoma makiromita mapfupi etekisi uye bhazi rendege richakwanisa kutonhora pasi uye kuzorora paasphalt, kumirira kutenderera kutsva ... kwakarongwa mumaawa mashoma!

NZG kana RRR, tekinoroji yepamusoro

Chikunguru 25, 2000: Njodzi paRoissy apo Concorde yeAir France Flight 4590 kuenda kuNew York yakabondera masekondi 90 mushure mokusimuka. Rimwe rematayi rakakuvadzwa nemarara akasiiwa panzira; chidimbu chevhiri chinobuda, chinobata rimwe rematangi uye chinokonzera kuputika.

Munyika yeaeronautics, izvi zvinotyisa. Vagadziri vachashandiswa kugadzira matai akasimba. Vatambi vaviri vakuru pamusika vachasangana nedambudziko: Michelin ine NZG (Near Zero Growth) tekinoroji, iyo inodzikamisa deflation yetai (kureva kugona kwayo kukanganisa pasi pekumanikidzwa, kunowedzera kuramba kwayo), nekushandisa aramid reinforcements muchitunha chevhiri, uye Bridgestone ine RRR (Revolutionary Reinforced Radial) iyo inobudirira Yakanga iri NZG tekinoroji yakabvumira Concorde kudzokera kumhepo isati yaenda pamudyandigere.

Kaviri inotonhorera yekutsvoda maitiro: vhiri rakasimba rinokanganisa zvishoma, nokudaro kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta endege panguva yetaxi.

Yakananga bhizinesi modhi

Munyika dzebhizimisi, hauchanetseki zvakanyanya nekutenga matai. Nekuti kana ukadzitenga, unofanirwa kuchengeta, kuunganidza, kutarisa, kutsiva, kudzokorodza ... Zvakaoma. Aiwa, munyika dzebhizimisi vanorojeswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanogadzira matayi vakapinda muhukama hunobatsira: chengetedza manejimendi, kugovera uye kugadzirisa matai endege uye, zvakare, kubhadharisa ndege chiyero chekumhara. Wese munhu anofarira izvi: makambani haanetse nezve ruzivo uye anogona kutarisira mutengo, uye kune rumwe rutivi, vagadziri vanobatsirwa nekugadzira matai anogara kwenguva refu.

Nenzira, vhiri rekutengesa ndege rinogara kwenguva yakareba sei? Izvi zvinonyanya kushanduka: zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nekuremerwa kwendege, kureba kwemataxi ematekisi, tembiricha yepakati, uye mamiriro enzira. Ngatitii, zvichienderana nematanho aya, kune huwandu kubva ku150/200 kusvika ku500/600 masaiti. Izvi zvinoita zvishoma kundege inokwanisa kuita imwe kana mbiri kubhururuka pazuva. Kune rumwe rutivi, kubva kune chitunha chimwe chete, matairi aya anogona kuva dzorera kakawanda, kuchengetedza kushanda kwakafanana nguva imwe neimwe sevhiri idzva, nokuti chitunha chavo chakagadzirirwa izvozvo.

Nyaya inokosha yevarwi

Huremu hushoma, kukurumidza kukurumidza, asiwo vhoriyamu shoma (sezvo nzvimbo yakatonyanya kushomeka pamurwi, matai ekufamba nendege ari masendimita gumi nemashanu) uye, pamusoro pezvose, nharaunda inodzvinyirira zvakanyanya, sezvo, semuenzaniso, dhiza rendege raCharles de Gaulle riri. 15 mamita, uye ndege inosvika pakumhanya kwe260 km / h! Saka simba resimba rekudzoreredza rine hutsinye chaihwo, uye ndege inokwanisa kumira nekurembera tambo (dzinonzi "shinda" pakati) dzakabatwa nepombi ine kumanikidzwa kunosvika 270 bar.

Nhanho yekusimuka ndeye 390 km / h. Tai rimwe nerimwe richiri kufanira kutakura matani 10,5 uye kumanikidzwa kwavo i27 bar! Uye pasinei nezvipingamupinyi izvi uye zvimiro zvakaoma kunzwisisa, tai rimwe nerimwe rinorema makirogiramu 24 chete.

Saka, pandege idzi, upenyu hwematai hupfupi zvikuru uye hunogona kutoganhurirwa nekukwana kana tai rikarovera tambo pakumhara. Muchiitiko ichi, inotsiviwa nechiyero chekuchengetedza.

mhedziso

Saka: vhiri rendege rine huwandu hwevhiri rerori. Asi vhiri rerori rinofamba nekumhanya kwe100 km / h, rinoputika kusvika ku8 bar, rinotakura anenge matani mashanu uye rinorema anenge 5 makirogiramu. Matayi eAircraft anofamba pa 60 km / h, anotakura matani makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu uye, sezvaanosimbiswa munzvimbo yose, anorema makirogiramu 340 uye anowedzera kusvika ku20 bars. Zvese izvi zvinoda tekinoroji, handiti?

Tiri kubheja kuti mushure mekuverenga chinyorwa ichi, hauchakwira ndege usina kutarisa matayi ayo nerimwe ziso?