Masero e formic acid
Iyo theoretical kugona kwekushandura simba remakemikari kuita simba remagetsi mumafuta emafuta anogona kusvika 100%. Percent, asi kusvika zvino iyo yakanakisisa yadzo ndeye hydrogen - vane unyanzvi hunosvika 60%, asi masero emafuta akavakirwa pafomic acid ane mukana wekusvika aya theoretical 100%. Iwo akachipa, akareruka zvakanyanya kupfuura apfuura uye, kusiyana neakajairika mabhatiri, anopa mukana wekuenderera mberi kushanda. Zvakakodzera kuyeuka kuti kushanda kweiyo yakaderera kudzvinyirira mukati memoto injini inongova 20% -? anodaro Dr. Hub. Chirungu Andrzej Borodzinski kubva kuIPC PAS.
Fuel cell mudziyo unoshandura simba remakemikari kuita magetsi. Ikozvino inogadzirwa zvakananga semugumisiro wekupisa kwemafuta pamberi pezvigadziriswe zvinoshandiswa pane anode uye cathode yesero. Chipingamupinyi chikuru pakuzivikanwa kwemasero ehydrogen ndiko kuchengetwa kwehydrogen. Dambudziko iri rakaratidza kuve rakaoma zvakanyanya kubva pakuona kwehunyanzvi uye harisati ragadziriswa nemhinduro dzinogutsa. Kukwikwidza nehydrogen masero ndiwo methanol masero. Nekudaro, methanol pachayo chinhu chine chepfu, uye zvinhu zvinoidya zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa pachishandiswa zvinodhura zveplatinamu. Pamusoro pezvo, masero emethanol ane simba rakaderera uye anoshanda pamwero wakati, uye nekudaro tembiricha ine njodzi (inenge 90 madhigirii).
Imwe mhinduro ndeye formic acid mafuta masero. Mabatiro acho anoenderera nekupisa kwekamuri, uye kushanda nesimba uye simba resero zviri pachena kupfuura izvo zvemethanol. Mukuwedzera, formic acid chinhu chiri nyore kuchengeta nekutakura. Nekudaro, kushanda kwakadzikama kweiyo formic acid sero kunoda inoshanda uye yakasimba catalyst. Iyo catalyst yakatanga kugadzirwa nesu ine yakaderera chiitiko pane yakachena palladium catalysts yakashandiswa kusvika zvino. Zvisinei, musiyano unopera mushure memaawa maviri ekushanda. Kuva nani. Kunyange zvazvo basa re pure palladium catalyst richiramba richiderera, yedu yakagadzikana, "anodaro Dr. Borodzinsky.
Kubatsira kweiyo catalyst yakagadzirwa paIPC surfactant, iyo inonyanya kukosha kubva pakuona kwehupfumi, ndeyekuti inochengetedza zvimiro zvayo kana ichishanda mune yakaderera-kuchena formic acid. Mhando iyi yefomic acid inogona kugadzirwa nyore muhuwandu hwakawanda, kusanganisira kubva kubiomass, saka mafuta emasero matsva anogona kudhura zvakanyanya. Biomass-derived formic acid yaizova mafuta akasvibira zvachose. Zvigadzirwa zvekuitika kunoitika nekupinda kwayo mumafuta emafuta imvura uye carbon dioxide. Iyo yekupedzisira igreenhouse gasi, asi biomass inowanikwa kubva kumiti inoitora panguva yekukura kwayo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kugadzirwa kwefomic acid kubva kubiomass uye kushandiswa kwayo mumaseru kwaisazoshandura huwandu hwecarbon dioxide mumhepo. Ngozi yekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza nefomic acid zvakare yakaderera.
Formic acid mafuta maseru achawana akawanda maapplication. Zvishandiso zvavo zvichanyanya kukwirira mumidziyo yemagetsi inotakurika here? nharembozha, malaptop, GPS. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona zvakare kuisirwa semagetsi masosi emotokari kubva pawiricheya kusvika kumabhasikoro emagetsi nemayacht.
PaIPC PAS, tsvakiridzo yave kutanga pamabhatiri ekutanga akavakwa kubva kufomic acid mafuta maseru. Masayendisiti anotarisira kuti prototype yechishandiso chekutengesa inofanira kunge yakagadzirira mumakore mashoma.
zvichibva pazvinhu zveInstitute of Physical Chemistry PAN
