Jacques Hart

Trawler B-20/II/1 Jacques Ker. Mufananidzo Wemunyori

Indasitiri yekuvaka ngarava yekuPoland yakatanga kuvaka ngarava dzekuredza kare muna 1949, apo muna Kukadzi nzvimbo inochengeterwa ngarava yeGdansk (yakazotumidzwa zita rekuti V. Lenin) yakaiswa pasi pekeel yetrawler yekutanga yeB-10, iyo yairedza parutivi uye yakashongedzerwa. injini ine 1200 hp. steam injini. Vakaburitswa mune rekodhi rekodhi ye89 zvidimbu. Yekupedzisira hove steamer yakagadzwa muna 1960.

Kubva 1951, tanga tichivaka marudzi akasiyana-siyana emagetsi emagetsi akafanana: trawlers, lugrotrawlers, freezing trawlers, processing trawlers, pamwe nekutanga kugadzirisa zvidyarwa. Munguva ino takave imwe yevagadziri vakuru vezvikepe zvekuredza munyika. Icho chokwadi chekuti tasvika pachinzvimbo ichi makore gumi mushure mekuvakwa kwechikepe chekutanga chechikepe chePoland ndechimwe chekubudirira kukuru kweindasitiri yedu. Kusvikira ikozvino, vagamuchiri vezvikamu izvi vainyanya kuUSSR nemakambani ePoland, saka zvakasarudzwa kuti zvifarire nyika dzakabudirira zvikuru mavari.

Izvo zvese zvakatanga muFrance neyakapararira propaganda uye kushambadzira. Izvi zvakapa zvibereko zvakanaka uye zvibvumirano zvakakurumidza kupiwa kune 11 B-21 ngarava, iyo yakaendeswa kuGdańsk Northern Shipyard. Pasinei nekuonekwa kwezvikamu, ivo vakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, kunyanya muhukuru uye midziyo. Ichi chaive chitsva mukuvaka ngarava yedu, uye zvakakonzerwa netsika dzakasiyana dzemusika weko. Makambani ekuredza echiFrench vanhu vakazvimiririra kana makambani, kazhinji ane tsika refu yemhuri yekuredza mugungwa. Vaibata chikepe chega chega kwete senzira yekuzviraramisa chete, asiwo sechido chekuzvivaraidza uye kuratidza chido, kudada nekubudirira kwayo uye chitarisiko uye kusashivirira chero kukanganisa. Naizvozvo, mumwe nemumwe muridzi wechikepe akaisa mari yakawanda yekusika yemunhu mukugadzira ngarava, aive nemafungiro ake pamusoro pengarava yese kana ruzivo rwayo uye aisada kuvasiya. Izvi zvaireva kuti kunyangwe madhiri acho aive emutsetse mumwe chete, asi kubva kumakambani akasiyana, aive asina kumbofanana.

Kupinda kwakabudirira mumusika wemuno nemabhoti madiki kwakatungamira kune chishuwo chekudzokorora izvi nemasimba makuru emagetsi akavakwa neStocznia im. Paris Commune muGdynia. Idzi dzakabudirira zvikuru B-20 trawlers dzakagadzirirwa nyika yedu, dzazvino uye dzinodhura kupfuura B-21. Nenguva isipi vakafarira vaviri vevaridzi vengarava vakuru kubva kuBoulogne-sur-Mer: Pêche et Froid naPêcheries de la Morinie. Shanduro dzechiFrench dzakasiyana zvakanyanya mumidziyo kubva kune yedu yekumba uye pakati pavo. Shanduko huru ine chekuita nekuchengetwa kwehove dzakabatwa. Vabati vehove veko vakaiunza ichangoburwa kuti ishandiswe zvakananga kana kugaba renyika nekuti maFrench havana kuitenga yakaomeswa nechando. Zvikepe zvitsva izvi zvakagadzirirwa kubata hove muNorth Sea, Western neNorth Atlantic, uye zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvaifanira kutakurwa zvingave zvakawanda kana mumabhokisi mumabhokisi akatonhodzwa kusvika -4 ° C. Naizvozvo, michina yekuomesa nechando yaimbove mushanduro yePolish yakanyangarika kubva kune vatengesi, uye injini simba uye kumhanya kwechikepe kwakawedzera.

Mutungamiriri Mukuru wenzvimbo yezvikepe, Master of Science. Erasmus Zabello aida kuti ngarava yekutanga izviratidze zvakanyanya sezvinobvira pamusika mutsva wepanzvimbo, uye iye pachake akave nechokwadi chekuti zvese zviri paJacques Coeur zvaive zvakanakisa. Uye ndicho chikonzero nei chikepe chakaitwa nekuchenjerera kukuru, kutarisira kwete kwete chete yehutano hwakanaka hwehutano, asiwo yekunze aesthetics uye yekugara mukati. Izvi zvakakonzerwawo nemumiriri wemuridzi wengarava, Eng. Pierre Dubois, aigara achitarisa chimwe nechimwe chakaiswa kusvika kune diki diki. Pakati pake nevavaki paivewo nekupopotedzana nekupopotedzana, asi izvi zvakabatsira chikepe.

Dhizaini uye zvinyorwa zveJacques Coeur trawler zvakagadzirirwa neiyo shipyard's Design and Construction Bureau, incl. mainjiniya: Franciszek Bembnowski, Ireneusz Dunst, Jan Kozlowski, Jan Sochaczewski naJan Straszynski. Chimiro chechikepe chechikepe chakatora ruzivo rwemuridzi wechikepe uye miedzo yakaitwa mubheseni remuenzaniso paTeddington. Kuvaka kwaitarisirwa naLloyd's Register of Shipping uye Bureau Veritas.

Hull yetrawler yaive simbi uye yakakwenenzverwa. Nekuda kwesimba rakakura reinjini dzekutyaira, dhizaini yekumashure yakasimbiswa zvakanyanya, uye keel yaive nedhizaini yakaita sebhokisi. Iyo block yakakamurwa nemabulkheads kuita 5 makamuri asingapindi mvura. Huru yaiputirwa nepakati nepakati pemachira epamativi yakanga yakakora uye tambo dzesimbi dzekudzivirira dzaisungirirwa pachiri.

Ngarava iyi yaigara vashandi ve32. Nzvimbo yekufambisa yaigara mukamuri yevashandi veredhiyo nechipatara, icho chaimbove nemayunitsi makuru chete. Panzvimbo yezvikepe pakanga pane makamuri omukuru wechikepe, wechi300, wechi400 uye wechitatu, uye panzvimbo huru-yechipiri, yechi3, yechi2 neyechitatu, makanika maviri evashandi, gairi rengarava, makamuri akashata evakuru nevashandi, makamuri okuomesa. , firiji chamber, food warehouse. uye transom. Iwo asara evashandi makabhini ari pane aft deck. Mumatanho emutakuri maive nedzimba dzekuchengetera zvinhu nekabhini kemushandi aitarisira chikepe pachiri pachiteshi. Makamuri ese ane artificial ventilation uye kudziyisa mvura. Utsi hwemutakuri wehutachiwana muhuwandu hweXNUMX-XNUMX kg / h uye pakumanikidzwa kweXNUMX kg/cm XNUMX hwakagadzirwa muBX-mhando yemvura chubhu boiler. Chishandiso chekupfura chaive otomatiki, chine electro-hydraulic steering injini kubva kuWest Germany kambani AEG. Iyo yekufambisa giya yakasimudzwa kubva muwiricheya uchishandisa telemotor kana, kana ikatadza, nemaoko. Imwe posvo yehelmman yaive mustarboard wheelhouse.

Panhongonya huru pamberi peiyo superstructure, weBelgian trawl winch Brusselle yakaiswa ine zita rekudhonza simba rematani 12,5 uye tambo yekudhonza tambo ye1,8 m/s. Kureba kwetambo dzemachira kwaiva 2 x 2900 m. Pamberi pedenga repamusoro, padhishi repamusoro, pakanga paine nzvimbo yekusevhisira winch yetrawl. Hutsva hwelift iyi yaive yekuti yaive nehuviri kutonga: yemagetsi uye pneumatic. Iyo pneumatic yekumisikidza yakaita kuti zvikwanise kuidzora zvese kubva padhishi huru uye kubva kune yekudzora positi. Kutenda kune zvakakosha zviridzwa, zvakare zvaigoneka kutora zviyero zvekudhonza kwekusimudza uye kuzvichengeta pane girafu.