Nhamo muZeebrugge

Kuparara kwechikepe chisina kunaka, chakarara nedivi. Mufananidzo Kuunganidzwa kwaLeo van Ginderen

Mukati memasikati emusi wa6 Kurume 1987, chikepe cheHerald cheFree Enterprise, chemuridzi wengarava weBritish Townsend Thoresen (yava kunzi P&O European Ferries), chakabva pachiteshi cheBelgian cheZeebrugge. Ngarava iyi, pamwe chete nengarava mbiri mbiri, yakabatira mutsetse unobatanidza zviteshi zvemakondinendi zveEnglish Channel neDover. Pamusana pekuti varidzi vezvikepe vakachengetedza vashandi vatatu vekuchinja, zvikepe zvakashandiswa nepamusoro-soro. Tichifunga kuti zvigaro zvese zvevafambi zvakagarwa, vachakwanisa kutakura vanhu vangangosvika makumi mana vachiyambuka mugero munzira yeCalais-Dover. munhu masikati.

Rwendo rwemasikati musi waKurume 6 rwakafamba zvakanaka. Na18:05 "Herald" yakadonhedza mitsetse mirefu, na18:24 yakapfuura misoro yekupinda, uye na18:27 kaputeni akatanga kutendeuka kuunza ngarava kune imwe nzira itsva, zvino yaifamba nekumhanya kwe18,9. mafundo Pakarepo, ngarava inonyora zvine simba kuenda kuchiteshi neinenge 30°. Motokari dzakatorwa mubhodhi (81 motokari, marori makumi mana nemanomwe uye mabhazi matatu) dzakakurumidza kuchinja, dzichiwedzera roll. Mvura yakatanga kupinda muhull kuburikidza nemaportholes, uye chinguva gare gare kuburikidza nemasvingo, dhizaini uye mabheji akazaruka. Kurwadziwa kwechikepe kwakatora masekonzi makumi mapfumbamwe chete, ngarava yakarongwa yakazendamira nechepasi pedivi rechiteshi ndokuoma nechando iri panzvimbo iyoyo. Inopfuura hafu yechikepe chacho yakabuda pamusoro pemvura. Kuenzanisa, tinogona kuyeuka kuti munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, zvikepe makumi maviri neshanu chete zveRoyal Navy (anenge 47% yekurasikirwa kwese) zvakanyura mumaminitsi asingasviki 3 ...

Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti njodzi yakaitika mamita 800 chete kubva panotangira chiteshi chengarava mumvura isina kudzika, nhamba yevakafa yaityisa. Pavakwiri ve459 nevashandi makumi masere, vanhu 80 vakafa (kusanganisira vechidiki gumi nevashanu uye vana vanomwe vari pasi pemakore gumi nematatu, mudiki akabatwa akazvarwa mazuva makumi maviri nematatu apfuura). Uku ndiko kwaive kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupenyu munguva yerunyararo yakanyorwa munhoroondo dzengarava dzeBritain kubva pakanyura ngarava yebetsero Iolaire musi waNdira 193, 15, munzira dzekuenda kuStornoway muOuter Hebrides (takanyora nezvazvo muGungwa 13). /23).

Nhamba huru yakadaro yevakakuvadzwa yainyanya kukonzerwa nekamwe kamwe roll yechikepe. Vanhu vakashamiswa vakakandwa kumadziro ndokudimburira nzira yokudzokera nayo. Mikana yeruponeso yakaderedzwa nemvura, iyo yakapinda muhull nesimba guru. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kudai ngarava yakanga yanyura pakadzika dzika uye yakapidiguka, nhamba yevakafa zvechokwadi ingadai yakatowedzera. Zvakare, muvengi mukuru weavo vakakwanisa kusiya ngarava inonyura yaive kutonhora kwezvipenyu, hypothermia - tembiricha yemvura yaive inenge 4 ° C.

Kununura kushanda

Iyo inonyura shuttle yakatumira runhare rwechimbichimbi. Yakanyorwa neEmergency Coordination Center muOstend. Vashandi veimwe dredge vanoshanda pedyo vakashumawo kutsakatika kwemwenje wengarava. Mukati memaminetsi gumi, chikopokopo chokununura chakasimudzwa mudenga, icho chakanga chiri pabasa panzvimbo yemauto pedyo neZeebrugge. Maminitsi mashoma gare gare imwe motokari yakabatana naye. Pakarepo, zvikamu zvidiki zvezvikepe zvechiteshi zvakaenda kunonunura - mushure mezvose, njodzi yakaitika pamberi pevashandi vavo. Radio Ostend yakadana kutora chikamu mukuita kwezvikwata zvekununura kubva kuNetherlands, Great Britain neFrance. Gadziriro dzakaitwawo kuti dziunze vashandi vevanhu vakasiyana-siyana uye vakasiyana-siyana kubva kuBelgian Navy, avo vakaendeswa kunzvimbo yetsaona neherikoputa ingori hafu yeawa mushure mekunge chikepe chanyura. Kuunganidzwa kwesimba rakakomba rakadaro kwakaponesa upenyu hwevazhinji veavo vakapukunyuka masekonzi 10 anokosha okunyura kwengarava uye vasina kugurwa nemvura mukati mechikepe. Zvikopokopo zvakasvika munzvimbo yakakoromoka zvakasimudza vapukunyuki, avo, ivo voga, nepamafafitera akapwanyika, vakasvika padivi pengarava yaibuda pamusoro pemvura. Magwa nezvikepe zvakasimudza vakapukunyuka mumvura. Muchiitiko ichi, nguva yakanga isingakoshi. Pane tembiricha yemvura inenge 90 ° C panguva iyoyo, munhu ane hutano uye akasimba anogona kugara mairi, zvichienderana nemafungiro ega ega, kwemaminetsi akawanda. Pakazosvika 4:21, vanunuri vakanga vatodzika vanhu 45 kumahombekombe, uye awa imwe pashure pokunge vapinda munzvimbo yakanga isina mafashamo yengarava yacho, nhamba yevakapukunyuka yakapfuura vanhu 200.

Panguva imwe cheteyo, mapoka evashambadziri akaenda kunzvimbo dzakanyura dzengarava. Zvaiita sekuti kuedza kwavo kwaisazounza chero mugumisiro, kunze kwekubviswa kwechimwe chitunha. Zvisinei, na00:25, vapukunyuki vatatu vakawanwa mune rimwe remakamuri parutivi rwechiteshi. Nzvimbo iyo njodzi yakavawana nayo yakanga isati yazara nemvura, airbag yakagadzirwa mairi, iyo yakabvumira vakaurayiwa kuti vararame kusvikira rubatsiro rwasvika. Zvisinei, ndivo vakanga vari vapukunyuki vokupedzisira.

Mwedzi mushure mekuparara, kuparara kwechikepe, iyo yakavhara nzira inokosha, yakasimudzwa nekambani inozivikanwa zvikuru Smit-Tak Towage and Salvage (chikamu cheSmit International AS). Makoni matatu akayangarara nemapontoon maviri ekununura, anotsigirwa nekudhonza, akatanga amisa chikepe pane imwe keel, uye obva atanga kupomba mvura kubva muchikepe. Pashure pokunge kuputika kwacho kwatangazve kufara, vakadhonzerwa kuZeebrugge ndokuzoyambuka Westerschelda (muromo weScheldt) vachienda kuchiteshi chengarava cheDutch De Schelde muVlissingen. Mamiriro ehunyanzvi echikepe akaita kuti kugadzirisa kuvepo, asi muridzi wechikepe aisafarira izvi, uye vamwe vatengi vaisada kusarudza mhinduro yakadaro. Nokudaro, chikepe chakaguma mumaoko eCompania Naviera SA kubva kuKingstown muSt. Vincent uye Grenadines, iyo yakasarudza kurasa chikepe kwete muEurope, asi muKaohsiung, Taiwan. Towing yakaitwa muna Gumiguru 5, 1987 - Kurume 22, 1988 neDutch tug "Markusturm". Pakanga pasina manzwiro. Kutanga, boka rokukweva rakapukunyuka Dutu Guru kubva kuCape Finisterre, kunyange zvazvo kudhonza kwakatyoka, uye ipapo marara akatanga kukwira mumvura, achivamanikidza kupinda muPort Elizabeth, South Africa.

Muridzi wengarava uye ngarava

Iyo Townsend Thoresen Shipping Company yakagadzirwa kuburikidza nekutenga muna 1959 neMonument Securities boka reTownsend Car Ferries kambani yekutakura uyezve yeOtto Thoresen Shipping Company, yaive kambani yevabereki. Muna 1971, boka rimwe chetero rakawana Atlantic Steam Navigation Company Ltd (yakanzi Transport Ferry Service). Mabhizinesi ese ari matatu, akaunganidzwa pasi peEuropean Ferries, akashandisa zita rezita reTownsend Thoresen.