chii? Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira

Tichitaura nezve SUVs pawebhusaiti yedu, takataura kuti kune matatu makuru marudzi ezvimiro zvemuviri:

• furemu - UAZ-Patriot, Mitsubishi L200, Jeep Wrangler nevamwe;
• muviri unotakura mutoro - anenge ese sedans uye hatchbacks;
• Integrated frame.

Ndiyo chete furemu yakasanganiswa, isu tichapa chinyorwa ichi.

Kuti uite nemusoro wenyaya, unofanirwa kutanga warangarira nezve chimiro chemamwe marudzi maviri. Saka, yakajairika mota furemu chimiro chakafanana nemanera. Zvinhu zvaro zvikuru maspars uye crossbars, akabatanidzwa nenzira ye welds, rivets, mabhoti ekuwedzera simba.

Chimiro chakadaro chinopa kusimba kwepamusoro kwepuratifomu uye kumwe kuzvimiririra kwemuviri - inogona kufamba maererano nefuremu, iyo yakakosha paunenge uchityaira kunze kwemugwagwa kana kana zvasvika kumarori. Iyo teki inosungirirwa papuratifomu ine rivets kana mabhaudhi, uye yakasimbiswa rubber makushion anoshandiswa kumisa kuzunguzika.

Kutakura muviri kana chigadziko - muviri wakanyatsobatanidzwa nefuremu uye uri umwe nawo. Tinogona kutaura kuti iyo cab yakashongedzwa kune furemu, kana, kana iri mota dzemazuva ano, kabhu ine furemu inodhindwa kubva kune imwe simbi. Iyi dhizaini inokwezva kumugadziri nekuda kwekureruka kwayo, asi panguva imwecheteyo, kunyaradzwa kunotambura - chero zvisiri izvo zvinoonekwa zvinorwadza zvakanyanya. Saizvozvo, mota yedhizaini iyi inogona kungotyairwa mumigwagwa yakawanda kana shoma.

Integrated frame (frame-body structure) inzira yekuchinja pakati pemhando mbiri dzatsanangurwa pamusoro apa.

Iyo mikuru parameters:

• iyo furemu pane spars yakabatana zvisingaite nemuviri nerubatsiro rwe welds;
• muviri hausi kuparadzaniswa uye unotora mitoro yese pamwe chete nepuratifomu;
• kune ma spars akazara anobatanidza mberi uye kumashure kwemotokari;
• ma crossbars anoshandiswa kuomesa.

Zviri pachena kuti vagadziri vanogara vachivandudza chigadziro chechikamu chekutakura chemotokari, saka, munhoroondo yose yeindasitiri yemotokari, marudzi akawanda uye subspecies emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaonekwa dzakaonekwa, asi kana tikatora, semuenzaniso, SUV furemu. SUV ine furemu yakabatanidzwa, mutsauko uri pachena:

• furemu - kubatanidzwa kwefuremu uye muviri unobviswa, kureva kuti, pasina kuoma kwakanyanya, unogona kubvisa kabhu uye woidzosera papuratifomu itsva;
• chimiro-muviri unotsigira chimiro - unogona kubvisa kabhi chete nerubatsiro rweguyo, uchicheka.

Saizvozvo, muviri wakabatanidzwa une zvakawanda zvakafanana nemutakuri, mutsauko unongova mune iwo ruzivo: yekutanga inoshandisa yakazara-yakazara spars, yechipiri inoshandisa subframes inogona kuwanikwa pamberi pemota pasi pejini uye gearbox, kana kumberi nekumashure chete kuomesa.

Kubva pane zviri pamusoro, mhedziso dzinotevera dzinogona kuitwa:

• muviri unotakura mutoro - sarudzo yakanakira mota diki uye dzepakati nepakati dzinonyanya kufamba pamhando yepamusoro asphalt pavement;
• Integrated frame - anenge ese maSUVs (crossovers), pickups, madiki uye epakati SUVs, 5-7-seater minivans;
• kuvakwa kwefuremu - yakazara-saizi crossovers uye SUVs, marori, mabhazi, minibus, michina yekurima, mota dzemujaho.

Kubatsira uye kuipa

Iyo dhizaini-yemuviri dhizaini haigone kuve yakakwana, zvisinei, senge chero ipi zvayo, zvisinei, inozivikanwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati:

• kusununguka kwekusangana - muchitoro chekushongedza, furemu yakasungirirwa kumuviri, pasina zvimwe zvisungo;
• mitoro inogoverwa zvakaenzana pamusoro pechiso chose;
• nekuda kwekureruka kwayo, mota iri nyore kutyaira;
• yakawedzera torsion simba - muviri hauzokanganisika panguva yekukasira braking, pamabhendi, panguva yekuremerwa.

Kune zvakare cons:

• kugadzirisa matambudziko - iyo yakabatanidzwa furemu haigone kugadziriswa, chete welded, kunyanya kana corrosion yaonekwa;
• yakaderera musimba kune furemu chikuva;
• kuneta kwesimbi kunokurumidza kuumba mu welds, izvo zvinotungamirira kukurumidza kupfeka nechisimba chekutyaira.

Inofanirawo kucherechedzwa kuti chero mhando ine zvipingamupinyi zvayo, sezvo zvisingabviri kuita zvakanaka.

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