Cardan shaft: chii ichocho?
Kufambiswa kwemotokari kunoita basa rakakosha - rinoendesa kutenderera kwe crankshaft kumavhiri.
Zvinhu zvikuru zvekutumira:
- clutch - takataura nezvazvo paVodi.su, inobatanidza uye inobvisa gearbox uye crankshaft flywheel;
- gearbox - inokubvumira kushandura yunifomu kutenderera kwe crankshaft mune imwe nzira yekutyaira;
- cardan kana cardan transmission - inoshandiswa pamotokari dzine kumashure kana ose-gumbo dhiraivha, inoshumira kuendesa simba kune drive axle;
- musiyano - inogovera nguva yekufamba pakati pemavhiri ekutyaira;
- bhokisi regiya - kuwedzera kana kuderedza torque, inopa inoramba iine angular kumhanya.
Kana tikatora yakajairwa giya giya bhokisi, tichaona matatu shafts mukuumbwa kwayo:
- yekutanga kana kutungamirira - inobatanidza gearbox kune flywheel kuburikidza ne clutch;
- yechipiri - yakasimba yakabatana nekadhi, ndiyo yakagadzirirwa kuendesa torque kune kadhi, uye kubva pairi kutoenda kumavhiri ekutyaira;
- yepakati - inotamisa kutenderera kubva pakupinza shaft kuenda kune yechipiri.
Chinangwa cheiyo driveline
Chero mutyairi aityaira kumashure-mavhiri kana ese-mavhiri dhiraivha mota, uye zvakanyanya paGAZon kana ZIL-130, akaona cardan shaft - refu gomo pombi ine zvikamu zviviri - yakareba uye ipfupi, ivo. akabatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe nerutsigiro rwepakati uye muchinjikwa, achigadzira hinge. Kumberi nekumashure kwekadhi, iwe unogona kuona maflange ekubatana kwakasimba neaxle yekumashure uye shaft yekubuda inobuda mubhokisi regiya.
Basa guru recardan harisi chete kuendesa kutenderera kubva kugiya bhokisi kuenda kumashure kweaxle gearbox, asi zvakare kuona kuti basa iri rinofambiswa nekuchinjika kurongeka kwemayuniti akataurwa, kana, mumutauro wakapfava, kubatanidza kwakasimba kweiyo. dhiraivha mavhiri neinobuda shaft yegiya bhokisi inopihwa, asi isingatadzise kufamba kwakazvimirira kwemavhiri uye kumiswa kunoenderana nemuviri.
Zvakare, mudziyo wemota wakadaro, kunyanya kana zvasvika kumarori, kuti bhokisi rinowanikwa rakakwirira zvine chekuita nepamusoro pane rear axle gearbox. Saizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuendesa nguva yekufamba pane imwe kona, uye nekuda kweiyo yakatsanangurwa mudziyo wecardan, izvi zvinogoneka. Uyezve, paunenge uchityaira, furemu yemotokari inogona kuremara zvishoma - chaizvo nemamirimita, asi iyo cardan mudziyo inobvumidza iwe kufuratira idzi shanduko diki.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kutaura kuti giya rekadhi rinoshandiswa kwete mune ese-mavhiri dhiraivha uye kumashure-mavhiri dhiraivha mota, inoiswawo pamberi-mavhiri dhiraivha. Chokwadi, pano inonzi zvakasiyana - SHRUS - hinges yeakaenzana angular velocities. Majoini eCV anobatanidza musiyano wegiya bhokisi kune emberi mavhiri hubs.
Kazhinji kutaura, musimboti wekutepfenyura kwecardan unoshandiswa kune zvimwe zvinangwa:
- pasi uye kumusoro kadhiani chidhiraivho;
- yekubatanidza bhokisi rekusangana neiyo drive axle gearbox - pamotokari dziri kunze kwemugwagwa dzine plug-in-mavhiri mavhiri, akadai seUAZ-469;
- yeinjini yekubvisa simba - iro simba rekubvisa-shaft rinobva kugiya retirakita rinoshandiswa kumisikidza midziyo yekurima yakasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nekadhini, semuenzaniso, mbatatisi diggers kana maplanter, disc harrows, seeders, zvichingodaro.
Device
Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, iyo cardan shaft ine mapipe maviri asina mhango anotaurwa neanotenderera akabatana. Kumberi kune spline roller inobata negearbox inobuda shaft kuburikidza neadapter.
Pakusangana kwezvikamu zviviri zvekadhi, mumwe nomumwe wavo ane forogo, uye akabatanidzwa achishandisa muchinjikwa. Magumo ega ega emuchinjikwa ane tsono inotakura. Maforogo akaiswa pamabhengi aya uye nekutenda kwavari, kuchinjisa kutenderera kunogoneka kubva kune imwe shaft kuenda kune imwe kana kona inoumbwa kubva pa15 kusvika ku35 degrees, zvichienderana nechigadzirwa. Zvakanaka, kumashure, kadhi yakasvibiswa kune gearbox uchishandisa flange, iyo yakasungirirwa pamabhoti mana.
Basa rinokosha rinoitwa nerutsigiro rwepakati, mukati umo mune bhora rinotakura. Tsigiro inoputirwa pasi pemotokari, uye kutakura kunobvumira shaft kutenderera zvakasununguka.
Sezvatinoona, mudziyo uri nyore, wakavakirwa pane hinge musimboti. Nekudaro, mainjiniya anofanirwa kuita masvomhu chaiwo kuitira kuti zvinhu zvese zvekumisa zvishande zvine mwero uye zvakarongeka.
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