Mhando, chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kwekutanga mota

Mumota dzekutanga, kuti utange injini, mutyairi mumotokari aifanirwa kunge aine mubato wakakosha. Achibatsirwa naye, akachinja crankshaft. Nekufamba kwenguva, mainjiniya akagadzira chakakosha chishandiso chinofambisa izvi. Iyi ndiyo mota yekutanga. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuti kutanga injini, mutyairi anongoda kuvhura kiyi mukiyi yekuvesa, uye mumamodeli mazhinji emazuva ano, ingobaya bhatani reKutanga (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kiyi yekuwana, ona mune imwe chinyorwa).

Funga nezve chishandiso, mhando uye zvakajairika autostarter kuputsika. Ruzivo urwu harubatsire kugadzirira diploma zvinhu, asi kusvika padanho rakakura rinokutendera iwe kuti usarudze kana zvakafanira kuyedza kugadzirisa iyi mega iwe pachako kana paita kuputsika.

Chii chinonzi Starter

Nekunze, iyo auto Starter idiki yemagetsi mota ine michina yekutyaira. Kuvhiya kwayo kunopihwa nemagetsi e12-volt. Kunyangwe akasiyana mamodheru emidziyo akagadzirwa akasiyana emota mamodheru, ivo zvine hunyanzvi hwakafanana musimboti mune ye-bhodhi system.

Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza yakajairika dhizaini yekubatanidza dhayagiramu:

1) kutanga; 2) kubhururuka block. 3) boka rekubata rekiyi yekuvesa; 4) bhatiri; A) kune iyo huru relay (pini 30); B) kune makumi mashanu ekupedzisira eiyo yemagetsi control unit; C) pane iro guru fiyuzi bhokisi (F50); KZ - Starter ataure.

Nheyo yekushanda kwekutanga mumota

Kunyangwe iri mota kana rori, iyo inotanga ichashanda nenzira imwechete:

• Mushure mekumisikidza iyo-pabhodhi system yemota, kiyi inoshandurwa mukiyi yemoto, uyezve inotendeuka nzira yese. Iyo magnetic vortex mafomu mune retractor relay, nekuda kwekuti iyo coil inotanga kudhirowa mukati memukati.
• A bendix inosungirirwa kune yakakosha Iyi michina dhiraivhu yakabatana neiyo flywheel korona (chimiro uye mashandiro ayo anotsanangurwa mune imwe ongororo) uye inobatana neiyo giya yekubatanidza. Kune rimwe divi, peni yakaiswa padenga, iyo inovhara vanobatana nemagetsi emagetsi.
• Uyezve, magetsi anopihwa kune anchor. Zvinoenderana nemitemo yefizikiki, furemu yakaiswa pakati pematanda emagineti uye yakabatana nemagetsi inotenderera. Nekuda kwemagineti iyo inogadzirwa ne stator (mumhando dzekare, kumisikidza kwekutsikisa kwakashandiswa, uye muzvikamu zvemazuva ano, magineti shangu akaiswa), chombo chinotanga kutenderera.
• Nekuda kwekutenderera kweye bendix giya, iyo flywheel, iyo inosungirirwa kune crankshaft, inoshanduka. crank mashandiro Injini yekupisa yemukati inotanga kufambisa iwo mapistoni muma cylinders. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo kuvesa system и mafuta system.
• Kana zvese izvi mashandiro nemahurongwa zvikatanga kushanda zvakazvimiririra, hapasisina kudiwa kwekutanga kuti ishande.
• Iyo michina inodzimwa kana mutyairi amira akabata kiyi mukiyi. Chitubu cheboka rekutaurirana rinoridzosera imwe nzvimbo kumashure, iyo de-inopa simba redunhu remagetsi rekutanga.
• Panongomira magetsi kuyerera kune iyo yekutanga, iyo magnetic field inonyangarika mune yayo relay. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo sosi-yakatakura musimboti inodzokera panzvimbo yayo, ichivhura mawoko ehukama uye kufambisa iyo bendix kure nekorona yemhepo.

Starter mudziyo

Starter yemotokari inoshandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remagetsi, pasina izvo hazvigoneke kushandura iyo flywheel. Chero chero injini yemukati yemagetsi ine ino midziyo yemagetsi.

Mufananidzo uyu pazasi unoratidza muchinjiko-chikamu chemotokari yekutanga.

Dhizaini yemagetsi mota iri seinotevera:

1. Stator. Pachave nemagineti shangu mukati mekesi. Sezvambotaurwa, izvi zvakajairika magineti, uye kwamberi kwakashandiswa nadzurudzo yemagineti emagetsi neyekutsikisa ichitenderera.
2. Anchor Uyu ndiwo mugodhi unodzvanywa nepakati. Mukugadzirwa kwechinhu ichi, simbi yemagetsi inoshandiswa. Grooves inogadzirwa mukati mayo, uko kwakaiswa mafuremu, ayo, kana magetsi awanikwa, anotanga kutenderera. Vateresi vari panoperera mafuremu aya. Brushes yakabatana navo. Kazhinji pane iwo mana - maviri padanda rega rega rekupa magetsi.
3. Bhurasho varidzi. Bhurasho rega rega rakagadziriswa mune yakasarudzika dzimba. Ivo zvakare vane zvitubu zvinovimbisa kugara zvichisangana nemabrashi neanotora.
4. Mabheya. Chikamu chega chega chinotenderera chinofanirwa kuve chakaiswa nekutakura. Chinhu ichi chinobvisa simba rekukonana uye chinodzivirira shaft kubva pakupisa kana mota ichimhanya.
5. Bendix. Iyo giya yakaiswa pane shaft yemagetsi mota, iyo inosangana neiyo flywheel. Ichi chikamu chinokwanisa kufamba munzira yeaxial. Iyo bendix pachayo ine giya rakaiswa mudzimba (inoumbwa nechokunze uye keji yemukati, mune matombo anotakurika echirimo anodzivirira kuchinjiswa kwetorque kubva kubhururu kuenda kune yekutanga shaft). Zvisinei, kuitira kuti iende kune korona yemhepo, imwe nzira inodiwa.
6. Solenoid ataure. Iyi imwe yemagineti yemagetsi inofambisa ruoko rwekugadzira / kupwanya kusangana. Zvakare, nekuda kwekufamba kwechinhu ichi neforogo (musimboti wekushanda kweiyo lever), iyo bendix inofamba munzira yeaxial, uye inodzoka nekuda kwechirimo.

Yakanakira kusangana kunouya kubva kubhatiri kwakabatana kumusoro kweinotanga imba. Magetsi anopfuura nepamafuremu akaiswa pachombo uye anoenda kune yakashata kusangana kweye mabrashi. Iyo Starter mota inoda hombe yekutanga yazvino kuti itange injini. Zvichienderana nemhando yechigadzirwa, iyi paramende inogona kunge ingangoita mazana mana emamiriyoni. Neichi chikonzero, paunenge uchisarudza bhatiri nyowani, unofanirwa kufunga nezve kutanga kwazvino (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve nzira yekusarudza nyowani sosi nyowani iyo imwe mushini inofanirwa kuve nayo, ona zvakasiyana).

Main components

Saka, iyo yekutanga iyo mota ichave ne:

• Stator nemagineti;
• Miseve ine mafuremu, ayo anopiwa nemagetsi;
• Iyo solenoid relay (ichave yakaumbwa nemagetsi magineti, musimboti uye vanobatika);
• Holder ane bhurasho;
• Bendiksa;
• Bendix maforogo;
• Dzimba.

Mhando dzekutanga

Zvichienderana nerudzi rweinjini, chinodikanwa chakachinjika chinotanga icho chinokwanisa kukwenya crankshaft. Semuenzaniso, torque yemuchina yakasiyana neiyo peturu unit uye dhiziri, nekuti mashandiro einjini yedhiziri inosanganiswa nekuwedzera kudzvinyirira.

Kana isu tikaparadzanisa mamiriro ese ekugadzirisa, saka ndeaya:

• Reducer mhando;
• Gearless mhando.

With giya

Iyo giya mhando yakashongedzerwa nediki yemapuraneti giya mashandiro. Inowedzera kumhanya kweinotangisa mota ine mashoma simba rekushandisa. Iyi modhi inokutendera iwe kuti utange nekukurumidza injini, kunyangwe bhatiri rachembera uye nekukurumidza kuburitswa.

Mukutanga kwakadaro, iyo yemukati ichave nemagineti anogara aripo, kuitira kuti stator ichitenderera isatambura, sezvo isipo zvachose. Zvakare, chishandiso hachipedze bhatiri simba rekumisikidza iyo mhepo ichitenderera. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kweiyo stator ichitenderera, iyo mashini iri diki kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare analogue.

Iko chete kukanganisa kwemhando idzi dzemidziyo ndeyekuti giya rinogona kukurumidza kupera. Asi kana chikamu chefekitori chikagadzirwa nemhando yepamusoro, kusashanda uku hakuitike kazhinji kazhinji kupfuura mune zvinowanzoitika kutanga.

Pasina giya

Iyo isina giya mhando ndeye yakajairwa yekutanga iyo iyo bendix giya inobata zvakananga nekorobhurumu yemhepo. Kubatsira kwekugadziriswa kwakadai kuri mumutengo wavo uye nyore kwekugadzirisa. Nekuda kwezvikamu zvishoma, chishandiso ichi chine hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa.

Izvo zvakashata zverudzi urwu rwezvimiro ndezvekuti zvinoda simba rakawanda kuti rishande Kana paine bhatiri rakafa rakafa mumotokari, saka yekutanga yazvino inogona kunge isingakwanire kuti mudziyo utenderedze flywheel.

Kukanganisa kukuru uye zvikonzero

Kutanga mota hakuwanzo kutadza kamwe kamwe. Kazhinji, kuparara kwayo kunoenderana nemubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvinokanganisa basa rayo. Chaizvoizvo, kuputsika kwemidziyo kunowedzera. Kukanganisa kwese kunogona kuve kwakaganhurwa kwakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri Uku kukundikana kwemagetsi kana kwemagetsi.

Tsananguro yekundikana kwemuchina inosanganisira:

• Kunamira kweplate yekubatana yeiyo solenoid relay;
• Kupfeka kwechisikigo kwemabheyari uye yekuwana maoko;
• Kubudirira kweye bendix holder muzvigaro (hurema uhwu hunomutsa mutoro pane iwo anotenderera pakutanga kweinjini yemoto inopisa);
• Wedge ye bendix forogo kana kudzoreredza relay stem.

Kana zviri zvekukanganisa kwemagetsi, iwo anowanzo kuve anofambidzana pamwe nekuvandudza pamabhurashi kana maunganidzi eplate. Zvakare, iyo yekumhanya kuputsa inowanzoitika semhedzisiro yekuneta kana pfupi pfupi. Kana paine zororo mukutenderera, zviri nyore kutsiva mashandiro pane kuyedza kutsvaga nzvimbo yekutadza. Mukana wekupfeka kwemabhurashi, anotsiviwa, nekuti izvi zvinoshandiswa zvemagetsi emagetsi.

Kuputsika kwemakanika kunoperekedzwa neruzha rwekunze, yega yega inoenderana nekumwe kuparara. Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekudzokera shure (kuvandudza mumabheyari), iyo inotangisa inogogodza panguva yekutanga injini.

Kuongorora kwakadzama kwekutanga uye kugadzirisa kwayo kunokurukurwa muvhidhiyo inotevera:

OWN HAND STARTER KUGADZIRA

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Wokutanga anoshanda sei muchidimbu? Kana kiyi yekudzima yakashandurwa, ikozvino inoyerera ichienda kune solenoid (retractor relay). Iyo bendix forogo inoichinjisa kune iyo flywheel korona. Iyo mota yemagetsi inotenderera bendx, ichipuruzira iyo flywheel.

Basa rekutanga nderei? The starter mumotokari inodiwa kuti magetsi kutanga simba chikwata. Iine mota yemagetsi inofambiswa nebhatiri. Kusvikira injini yatanga, mutangi anogamuchira simba kubva kubhatiri.

Bendix inoshanda sei pane yekutanga? Kana kiyi yekubatidza ichitenderedzwa, forogo inofambisa bendx (giya) parin'i yeflywheel. Kana kiyi ikasunungurwa, ikozvino inomira kuyerera kune solenoid, uye chitubu chinodzorera bendx panzvimbo yayo.