Chii chinonzi DSG bhokisi - mabhenefiti uye kuipa kweaviri clutch gearbox
Zviri mukati
Hupenyu hwemazuva ano haugone kufungidzirwa pasina mota, uye traffic yemudhorobha inofanirwa kuve yakasununguka sezvinobvira kumutyairi. Iko kureruka kwekutyaira mota kunopiwa nerubatsiro rweakasiyana-siyana transmissions (otomatiki transmission, robotic gearbox).
Bhokisi rebhobhoti rinofarirwa zvikuru nekuda kwekufamba uye kushandiswa kwemafuta ehupfumi, kuvapo kwebhuku rekushandisa iro rinokubvumira kugadzirisa mararamiro ekufambisa kune zvinodiwa nemutyairi.
Iyo nheyo yekushanda kweDSG gearbox
DSG ibhuku rekutumira rine otomatiki giya shanduko dhiraivha uye ine maviri clutch tswanda.
Bhokisi reDSG rakabatana kune injini kuburikidza nemakumbo maviri ari axially. Iwo asinganzwisisike uye ekumashure nhanho anoshanda kuburikidza neimwe clutch, uye iyo kunyange iyo kuburikidza neimwe. Chishandiso chakadaro chinopa shanduko yakatsetseka yematanho pasina kuderedza uye kukanganisa simba, kuita inoenderera kuendesa torque kubva kumota kuenda kune drive axle yemavhiri.
Munguva yekumhanyisa munhanho yekutanga, magiya echipiri giya atove mune mesh. Kana iyo control unit ikatumira danho rekuchinja danho, iyo hydraulic dhiraivha yegiya bhokisi inoburitsa imwe clutch uye inosunga yechipiri, ichiita kutamisa torque kubva kumota kubva kune imwe nhanho kuenda kune imwe.
Nokudaro, nzira yacho inoenda kune imwe nzvimbo yakanyanyisa. Pakudzikisa kumhanya uye kushandura mamwe mamiriro, maitiro anoitwa mune reverse kurongeka. Kuchinja kwematanho kunoitika nerubatsiro rwe synchronizers.
Shanduko yematanho mubhokisi reDSG inoitwa nekumhanya kwakanyanya, isingasvikike kunyangwe kune nyanzvi dzemujaho.
Chii chinonzi mechatronics mune otomatiki kutapurirana
Kudzora kwese maclutches uye shanduko yematanho inoitwa uchishandisa control unit inosanganisira hydraulic uye emagetsi mayunitsi, sensors. Iyi unit inonzi Mechatronic uye iri mugearbox redzimba.
Masensa akavakirwa muMechatronic anodzora mamiriro egiya bhokisi uye anotarisisa kushanda kwezvikamu zvikuru nemagungano.
Paramita inodzorwa neMechatronics sensors:
- nhamba yemarevolutions pakupinza uye kubuda kwebhokisi;
- kumanikidzwa kwemafuta;
- chiyero chemafuta;
- kushanda tembiricha yemvura;
- nzvimbo yemaforogo edariro.
Pamhando dzazvino dzeDSG mabhokisi, ECT (electronic system inodzora shanduko yematanho) inoiswa.
Kuwedzera kune ari pamusoro apa paramita, ECT inodzora:
- kumhanya kwemotokari;
- dhigirii yekuvhurika kwe throttle;
- mota tembiricha.
Kuverenga aya ma paramita anowedzera hupenyu hwegiya bhokisi uye injini.
Mhando dzeDirect Shift Transmission
Ikozvino kune marudzi maviri eDSG mabhokisi:
- nhanhatu-kumhanya (DSG-6);
- nomwe-kumhanya (DSG-7).
DSG 6
Yekutanga preselective (robotic) gearbox yaive nhanhatu-kumhanya DSG, iyo yakagadziriswa muna 2003.
DSG-6 dhizaini:
- makumbo maviri;
- mitsara miviri yematanho;
- crankcase;
- Mechatronic;
- gearbox musiyano;
- giya guru.
Iyo DSG-6 inoshandisa maclutch maviri akanyorova anogara akanyudzwa mumvura yekutapurirana kuti adzore mashandiro uye kutonhodza ma clutch discs, nekudaro achiwedzera hupenyu hwekutapurirana.
Makumbo maviri anoendesa torque kumitsara yemagiya bhokisi matanho. Iyo gearbox drive disc yakabatana kune maclutches neiyo flywheel yeyakakosha hub inosanganisa matanho.
Izvo zvakakosha zveMechatronics (electro-hydraulic module) iri mugearbox redzimba:
- gearbox kugovera spools;
- multiplexer inogadzira mirairo yekudzora;
- solenoid uye kudzora mavharuvhu egiya bhokisi.
Kana chinzvimbo chemusarudzo chachinjwa, magiya bhokisi anogovera anobatidzwa. Matanho anoshandurwa nerubatsiro rwemagetsi emagetsi, uye nzvimbo yezvikwata zvekukwenya inogadziriswa nerubatsiro rwemagetsi emagetsi. Aya mavharuvhu ndiwo "moyo" wegiya bhokisi, uye Mechatronic ndiyo "uropi".
Iyo gearbox multiplexer inodzora ma hydraulic cylinders, ayo ane masere mugiya bhokisi rakadaro, asi hapana anopfuura mana gearbox mavharuvhu anoshanda panguva imwe chete. Masilinda akasiyana anoshanda mune akasiyana gearbox modes, zvichienderana nedanho rinodiwa.
Magiya ari muDSG-6 anochinja achitenderera. Mitsara miviri yematanho inoshanda panguva imwe chete, imwe chete yadzo haisati yashandiswa - iri mukumira mode. Paunenge uchishandura torque yekutumira, mutsara wechipiri unobva waitwa, uchichinja kune inoshanda mode. Iyo nzira yekushanda yegiya bhokisi inopa shanduko yegiya isingasviki chidimbu chesekondi, nepo kufamba kwetraffic kunoitika zvakanaka uye zvakaenzana, pasina kunonoka uye jerks.
DSG-6 ine simba rakawanda robhoti gearbox. Iyo torque yeinjini yemotokari ine gearbox yakadaro inenge 350 Nm. Bhokisi rakadaro rinorema pasi pe100 kilograms. Gear oiri yeDSG-6 inoda anopfuura 6 malita.
Parizvino, DSG-6 inonyanya kuiswa pane zvinotevera mota:
- Chigaro (Alhambra, Toledo);
- Skoda (Octavia, SuperB);
- Audi (TT, Q3, A3);
- Volkswagen (Tiguan, Gorofu, Jetta, Passat).
DSG mabhokisi akashongedzerwa neTiptronic, iyo inoendesa bhokisi kune manual control mode.
DSG 7
DSG-7 yakagadzirwa muna 2006 zvakanangana nemotokari dzekirasi yehupfumi. Bhokisi reDSG rinorema 70-75 kg. uye ine mafuta asingasviki 2 litres. Iri bhokisi regiya rakaiswa pamotokari dzebhajeti ine injini torque isingapfuuri 250 Nm.
Kusvika iye zvino, DSG-7 inonyanya kuiswa pamotokari dzinotevera:
- Audi (TT, Q3, A3);
- Chigaro (Leon, Ibiza, Altea);
- Skoda (Octavia, Fabia, SuperB);
- Volkswagen (Tiguan, Gorofu, Jetta, Passat).
Musiyano mukuru pakati peDSG-7 uye DSG-6 ndiko kuvapo kwe2 yakaoma clutch discs isiri mumvura yekutapurirana. Kuchinja kwakadaro kunobvumirwa kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, kuderedza mari yebasa.
Zvakanakira uye kuipa kweiyo robhoti otomatiki kutapurirana
Iyo robotic gearbox ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira mukuenzanisa nezvimwe zvinotapurirana.
Zvakanakira zvebhokisi reDSG:
- kuderedzwa kushandiswa kwemafuta musanganiswa (kusvika 10-20%);
- mukana wekutonga kwemaoko, zvakafanana nekufambisa kwemaoko;
- hapana kurasikirwa kwesimba pakuchinja matanho;
- kutsetseka kwemotokari;
- yakakwirira simba hunhu hwemotokari ine DSG bhokisi;
- kuderedzwa kwenguva inodiwa kuti ikurumidze;
- mukana we otomatiki uye bhuku remagiya kusarudzwa;
- kutyaira kwakanaka, kwakashongedzerwa negearbox rakadaro;
- kusavapo kwe clutch pedal uye yakajairwa yekusarudza lever, iyo isingakonzere matambudziko kana uchichinja kubva mumotokari ine classic automatic transmission;
Kuipa kwebhokisi reDSG:
- mutengo wepamusoro wemotokari ine DSG kana ichienzaniswa nemotokari dzakashongedzerwa nemamwe marudzi ekutumira;
- dzimwe nguva robhoti inononoka uye haifambidzani nekuwedzera kwekukurumidza kwemotokari, kuchinja matanho nekunonoka kuduku;
- mechatronics ndeimwe yeasina kusimba mapoinzi muDSG bhokisi, kusashanda nguva nenguva kunoitika muchikamu ichi;
- kana kukanganisa kunoitika mu mechatronics, inofanira kuchinjwa, sezvo isingagoni kugadziriswa;
- yakaderedzwa gearbox resource;
- mechatronics malfunctions inobatsira kuchinja kwekushisa nguva dzose, iyo inonyanya kukosha munguva yechando;
- hupenyu hwesevhisi yeDSG-7 uye zvikamu zvayo zvinooneka ipfupi pane DSG-6;
- kuwedzera kwebhokisi kupisa nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwekuita preselector;
- kuwedzera mumutengo wekushandira irobhoti gearbox;
- kuoma kwekugadzirisa bhokisi rebhobhoti, izvo zvisingaite zviteshi zvebasa zvakawanda zvinogona kuita;
- isina kuiswa paSUVs nedzimwe mota dzine simba;
- mutengo mukuru wekugadzirisa, mune dzimwe nguva zvakakosha kushandura zvachose DSG.
Kurudziro yekushanda kwakaringana kwemota ine DSG gearbox, ichikubvumidza kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwekushanda:
- kugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera yeDSG gearbox (kutsiviwa kwemvura kuchinjirwa zvinoenderana nemirairo - isingapfuuri makiromita makumi matanhatu, kugadzirisa dambudziko);
- kudziya bhokisi regiya rebhobhoti nekuchengeta muchidimbu mota munzvimbo yakamira mushure mekutanga;
- kufamba kwakatsetseka mushure mekudziya kwemakiromita 1-5 kubva panguva iyo kufamba kunotanga;
- kudzivisa kutsvedza kwevhiri;
- paunomira kweanopfuura miniti 1, zvinokurudzirwa kushandura DSG bhokisi selector kuti neutral mode;
- paunenge uchityaira pachando nechando, zvinokurudzirwa kuvhura "snowflake" mode, kana iripo;
- ine simba rekutyaira uye nekukurumidza kukurumidza, zvinokurudzirwa kufambisa iyo lever yekusarudza kune "mutambo" chinzvimbo;
- panguva yega yega yekugadzirisa, inofanirwa kuongorora iyo DSG bhokisi uye kuita kutanga;
- iyo accelerator pedal inofanira kuora mwoyo zvakanaka, kunyange mumanyorero mode;
- kukwidziridza kunodiwa kuita mune yemanyorero modhi, uye yakatsetseka kutyaira uye braking - mune otomatiki;
- kupaka mota kubva pabhokisi reDSG kuenda kunzvimbo yekupaka munzvimbo ye "neutral" yekusarudzika pamwe nekuisirwa kuisirwa kwebhureki rekupaka (handbrake).
Bhokisi rebhobhoti, chokwadi, yakagadziridzwa yekufambisa kwemanyorero, shanduko yematanho inoitika uchishandisa mechatronics zvichienderana neakasiyana ma paramita anoverengwa nema sensors. Zvichienderana nekumwe kurudziro, unogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya hupenyu hwebhobhoti bhokisi.
