Zvese nezve pombi yemvura (pombi) yeiyo inotonhora system

Chero chero injini yemukati yekupisa inoiswa pasi peyakaomarara kupisa kupisa mukati mekushanda Saka kuti kupisa kweiyuniti hakukonzere kukundikana kwayo, inoda kutonhora. Iyo yakajairika kutonhora system scheme inosanganisira iyo pombi iyo inopomba inotonhorera kuburikidza netambo.

Funga nezve chishandiso chemuchina, chii chinonzi pombi yemvura, pane musimboti ichashanda, ndezvipi zvinokanganisa uye kuti ungazvigadzirisa sei iwe pachako.

Chii chinonzi pombi yemvura?

Pombi inoiswa padhuze nepaburi rejini. Chikamu chimwe cheiyo michina chinenge chiri mubhokisi chairo, nekuti chisviniro chayo chinofanirwa, kana chichi tenderera, chiunze mvura irimo muchirongwa. Kwapera chinguva, tichakurukura dzakasiyana nadzurudzo izvi namano. Kana iwe ukatora yepombi mota pombi yemvura, inogona kuwanikwa pazasi peinjini.

Kuti ishande, dhizaini yemuchina inoreva kuvepo kwesimbi, iyo yakabatana neyuniti yemagetsi kuburikidza nebhandi rekutyaira. Mune ino vhezheni, iyo hydraulic pombi ichashanda panguva iyo magetsi unit ari kumhanya. Kana iyo pombi ikakundikana, izvi zvinokanganisa mashandiro emota mota (nekuda kwekupisa, inozotadza).

Kusarudzwa

Saka, iyo pombi iri mumotokari chikamu chekutonhora kwesimba remagetsi. Tsanangudzo nezvekuti marongero acho akarongwa sei, uye kuti musimboti wekushanda kwayo, zvinotsanangurwa mune imwe ongororo... Asi muchidimbu, kune maviri marudzi awo. Yekutanga inopa kutonhorera kwechikwata nerubatsiro rwekuyerera kwemhepo, saka ichanzi mweya.

Rudzi rwechipiri rwehurongwa rwuri mvura. Iyo izere neakasarudzika mvura - antifreeze kana antifreeze (nezve kuti chinhu ichi chakasiyana sei nemvura, verenga pano). Asi kuitira kuti mota itonhore panguva yekushanda, zvakafanira kuona kutenderera kwemvura iyi. Zvikasadaro, injini block ichave ichipisa, uye chinhu chiri murediyeta chichava chinotonhora.

Sekureva kwezita remushini, chinangwa chayo kupomba iyo inoshanda mvura (antifreeze kana antifreeze) mumutsara wakabatana nemota. Kumanikidzwa kutenderera kunokasira kupihwa kwemvura yakatonhora kubva pairi redhiyeta kuenda kuinjini (kuitira kuti kutonhora kuitike pamwe nekunyatsoshanda, injini ine bhachi remvura - nzira dzakasarudzika dzinoitwa muya cylinder block housing). Iyo antifreeze pachayo inotonhodzwa nechisikigo (kana mota ichifamba) kana kumanikidzwa kufema kwemhepo (iri basa rinoitwa nefeni, nezve iyo inoverengwa zvakadzama. zvakasiyana) redhiyeta.

Mukuwedzera pakutonhodza injini, nekuda kwepombi, kudziya kuri mukabhini kunoshandawo. Iyi sisitimu inoshanda pane imwecheteyo yekupisa kupisa pakati pemapapiro erediyeta nemhepo yakatarisana, chete muchiitiko ichi kupisa hakubvisike mumota, asi kunoshandiswa kugadzira tembiricha yakanaka mukati memota yemukati. Kana mweya ukapfuura nepakati pechinhu chinopisa, unotonhodzawo dunhu kusvika pane imwe nhanho (kana mweya ukatorwa kubva kunze kwemota), saka dzimwe nguva varidzi vemota dzekare vanokurudzira kuvhenekera kudziya kwemukati kana mota iri mumugwagwa. injini hariiti. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvekuti kupisa kunoshanda sei mumota, verenga pano.

Centrifugal pombi chishandiso

Iyo yakasarudzika mota yemvura pombi ine yakapusa yakapusa mudziyo. Shanduko iyi ichave nenhamba shoma yezvikamu, nekuda kwekuti iyo michina ine hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa. Dhizaini yayo inosanganisira:

• Muviri (iwo maricho kubva kwawakagadzirwa unofanirwa kumira nemitoro mizhinji uye kugara uchidedera - zvakanyanya simbi kana aruminiyamu);
• Iyo shaft inoiswa maactuator ese;
• Chinhu chinotakura icho chinodzivirira shaft kubva pakukwiza pamusoro peiyo muviri muviri uye inovimbisa yunifomu kutenderera kwemhepo;
• Impeller (yakaitwa yepurasitiki kana simbi), ichipa kupomba kwenzvimbo inoshanda mumaseketi;
• Chisimbiso chemafuta chinopa chisimbiso panzvimbo yekuisa mabheyaringi uye shaft;
• Chisimbiso mapaipi (kupisa nemishonga rabha);
• Kuchengeta mhete;
• Kumanikidza chitubu (kunowanikwa mune mamodheru ayo akaisirwa pane akwegura mota).

Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza chikamu cheimwe yeanowanzo shandurwa epombi dzemvura pombi:

Iyo pulley yakaiswa pane iyo shaft (mune zvakawanda zvinogadziridzwa ine toothed). Chinhu ichi chinokutendera iwe kuti ubatanidze iyo pombi yekutyaira kune iyo gasi yekuparadzira mashandiro, ayo anozo shanda nekutenderedza iyo crankshaft. Idzi nzira dzese dzinoenderana pamwe chete uye dzinoumba imwechete sisitimu inoshandisa dhiraivha imwechete. Iyo torque inopfuudzwa chero nebhandi renguva (verenga nezvazvo zvakadzama pano), kana cheni inoenderana, iyo inotsanangurwa mune imwe chinyorwa.

Nekuda kwekuti iyo pombi ine kugara yakabatana ne crankshaft, inopa kumanikidza mumutsara nekuda kweiyo crankshaft kumhanya. Nekuwedzera kweinjini kumhanya, iyo pombi inotanga kushanda zvakanyanya.

Saka kuti iyo hydraulic pombi isatambura nekuramba ichizunguzika yeinjini yemoto yemukati, gasket yakaiswa pakati peinjini block nepombi pekugara panzvimbo yekumisikidza, iyo inoderedza kuzununguka. Panzvimbo panowanikwa mashizha, muviri unowedzerwa zvishoma, uye mune matavi matatu mauri. Yekutanga yakabatana pombi yebazi kubva pairi redhiyeta, kune yechipiri - pombi yebazi yejaketi inotonhorera, uye kune yechitatu - hita.

Iyo pombi inoshanda sei

Basa repombi yemvura ndeinotevera. Kana mutyairi atanga injini, torque inotamiswa kubva kune crankshaft pulley kuburikidza nebhandi kana cheni kuenda kupombi pulley. Nekuda kweizvi, shaft inotenderera, pane iyo impeller yakaiswa padivi rakatarisana ne pulley.

Iyo pombi ine centrifugal musimboti wekushanda. Iyo yekutenderera michina inokwanisa kugadzira kumanikidza inosvika kune imwechete mhepo, iyo inova nechokwadi chekuti mvura inoputirwa mumatunhu ese, zvichienderana nekuti ndeipi unit inovhurwa neiyo thermostat vharuvhu. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekuti nei thermostat ichidikanwa mune inotonhora system, verenga zvakasiyana... Zvakare, kumanikidzwa mune inotonhodza sisitimu inodiwa kuitira kuti uwedzere antifreeze irikubvira chikumbaridzo (ichi chiratidzo chakanangana zvakananga nekudzvinyirira mumutsara - iyo yakakwira iri, iyo yepamusoro tembiricha iyo yemukati yekupisa injini inozobika).

Yese pombi reza inorereka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo impeller inopa nekukurumidza kufamba kwesvikiro rinoshanda mudzimba. Kubva mukati, iyo pombi casing ine chishandiso chakadai, nekuda kwesimba re centrifugal, antifreeze inotungamirwa kuzvitoro zvakabatana nemataneti anoenderana. Nekuda kwemusiyano mukumanikidza mukupa uye kudzoka, antifreeze inotanga kufamba mukati memutsara.

Iko kuita kwepombi kunovimbisa kufamba kweanotonhora mumutsara maererano nechirongwa chinotevera:

• Kubva pamhepo, nekuda kwekutenderera kwakasimba (centrifugal simba) yemageza, antifreeze inokandirwa kunze kumadziro edzimba, ayo anonyatsopfuurira kune iyo nzira. Aya ndiwo maitiro ejekiseni mudunhu rinoitika.
• Kubva panzvimbo iyi, mvura yacho inopinda mubhachi reinjini inopisa yemukati. Yakagadzirwa nenzira yekuti inotonhorera inotanga kupfuura neanopisa zvikamu zveyuniti (mavhavha, masirinda).
• Ipapo iyo antifreeze inoenda kuburikidza neye thermostat. Kana mota iri muchikamu chekudziya, dunhu rinovhara uye mvura irikushanda inopinda mupombi (iyo inonzi denderedzwa rinotenderera diki). Mune injini inodziya, thermostat yakavhurika, saka antifreeze inoenda kuna radiator. Nekuvhuvhuta panopisa kupisa, iyo inotonhorera tembiricha yakaderedzwa.
• Pakupinda mupombi, kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yekushanda yakadzikira pane pane chishandiso, ndosaka chivharo chakagadzirwa muchikamu chino chemutsara, uye mvura inoyamwa kubva kune yakanyanya kutakura chikamu cheOS. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo antifreeze inopfuura nepamahara radiator uye inopinda mupombi pombi.

Maitiro ane imwe pombi

Dzimwe mota dzemazuvano dzinoshandisa kutonhodza masisitimu ane imwe yekuwedzera mvura yekuisa. Muchirongwa chakadai, imwe pombi inoramba ichiri yakakosha. Chechipiri, zvichienderana nemasikirwo ehurongwa uye dhizaini yeinjini, inogona kuita chinotevera chiito:

• Ipa kumwe kutonhodza kuchikamu chemagetsi. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana muchina uchiitwa munzvimbo dzinopisa.
• Wedzera simba re centrifugal redunhu rekubatsira hita (inogona kusunganidzwa netambo inotonhora yemotokari).
• Kana iyo mota iine gasi rekudzokorora gasi (chii icho, zvinotsanangurwa zvakasiyana), ipapo iyo yekuwedzera pombi yakagadzirirwa kuti itonhorere iyo yekuzadza magasi.
• Kana turbocharged injini yakaiswa pasi pehood yemota, ipapo webhusaiti supercharger ichapa kutonhodza kwecompressor, sezvo iri kupisa nemhedzisiro yekupedza magasi pane yekutyaira mudziyo.
• Mune mamwe masisitimu, mushure mekumisa injini, iyo inotonhorera inoenderera ichitenderera kuburikidza neiyo tenda nekushanda kweyekuwedzera supercharger, kuitira kuti mushure mekutyaira kwakanyanya injini isanyanye kupisa. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti iyo huru hydraulic pombi inomira kushanda mushure mekunge simba remagetsi radzimwa.

Chaizvoizvo, aya anobatsira emvura anoputira anofambiswa nemagetsi. Iyi pombi yemagetsi inodzorwa neECU.

Pombi yekuvhara

Imwe mhando yekutonhora system ine pombi inoshanduka. The chikuru basa chete nadzurudzo yakadaro - kuti rikurumidze muitiro kudziyisa simba chikwata. Pombi yakadaro inoshanda zvinoenderana nemutemo iwoyo seyakafanana analogue. Musiyano chete ndewekuti dhizaini yavo ine vharuvhu yakakosha inovhara kuburitsa antifreeze kubva papombi kuenda kujekete rinotonhora remota.

Vazhinji vatyairi vanoziva kuti ese enzi-akadzikama enjini dzemoto mukati anotonhorera kutembiricha ambient mushure menguva refu yekusaita. Kuti iyo unit ishande nemazvo, mushure mekutanga inofanirwa kusvika kune tembiricha yekushandisa (nezve izvo kukosha uku kunofanirwa kuve, verenga pano). Asi, sezvatatoona, iyo inotonhora sisitimu inotanga kushanda nekukurumidza apo ICE inotanga. Kuita kuti uniti idziye nekukurumidza, mainjiniya akaiisira maseketi maviri anotonhora (madiki uye makuru). Asi zviitiko zvemazuva ano zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera chiito chekudziisa injini.

Kuti kupisa kwemweya-mafuta musanganiswa kuitwe pamwe nekunyatsoshanda, inofanirwa kupisa kusvika pamwero wakati. Muchiitiko ichi, peturu inopwa (injini yedhiziri inoshanda maererano nechero musimboti, asi inodawo hutongi hwekupisa kuitira kuti mweya wakamanikidzwa uenderane nekuzvidziisa kwega-mafuta edhiziri), nekuda kweizvozvo anopisa zvirinani.

Mune mashandiro anoita ane pombi inoshanduka, iyo huruja inoramba ichingoshanda, chete yekupisa mota, nzvimbo yacho yakavharirwa nedamper. Kutenda neizvi, iyo antifreeze haifambe mujekete rinotonhorera, uye block inodziya nekukurumidza zvakanyanya. Maitiro akadaro anotariswawo neECU. Kana iyo microprocessor yaona yakadzikama inotonhorera tembiricha munzvimbo inovhara madhigirii makumi matatu, zvemagetsi zvinovhura iyo damper ichishandisa vhoriyamu tambo uye inoenderana levers, uye kutenderera kunotanga muhurongwa. Mamwe ese masisitimu anoshanda zvakafanana kune yechinyakare. Yakadai pombi chishandiso inopa kuderera kwemutoro pane yemukati injini yemagetsi panguva yekudziya kwayo. Masisitimu akadaro akazviratidza mumatunhu ane tembiricha yakaderera, kunyangwe muzhizha.

Mhando uye dhizaini yemapombi emvura

Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti mapombi emota emvura haana makadinali akasiyana mukugadzirwa, iwo akapatsanurwa akapatsanurwa kuita mapoka maviri

• Zvokuimba pombi. Uku ndiko kushandurwa kwechinyakare uko kunoshandiswa mumhando zhinji dzemotokari. Dhizaini yepombi yakadaro yakatsanangurwa pamusoro. Inoshanda nekutumira torque kuburikidza nebhandi rakabatana ne crankshaft pulley. Iyo yemagetsi pombi inoshanda inowirirana neyemukati kupisa injini.
• Pombi yemagetsi. Iyi nadzurudzo zvakare inopa inogara inotonhorera kutenderera, chete drive yayo yakasiyana. Injini yemagetsi inoshandiswa kutenderedza iyo shaft yemubato. Iyo inodzorwa neECU microprocessor zvinoenderana nemaalgorithms ayo anopenya kufekitori. Pombi yemagetsi ine zvayakanakira. Pakati pavo kugona kudzima kutenderera kwekuwedzera kudziya kweinjini yemukati yemoto.

Zvakare, pombi dzinoiswa muzvikamu zvinotevera maitiro:

• Main pombi. Chinangwa chemuchina uyu ndechimwe chete - kuverengera kupomba kwechitonhodza muchirongwa.
• Kuwedzera supercharger. Ma pombi akadaro anoiswa chete pane dzimwe mota. Zvichienderana nerudzi rweinjini yemukati yemoto uye kutenderera kwenzira yekutonhora, izvi zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kuwedzera kutonhora kweinjini, turbine, kupedza gasi kudzokorodza system uye kutenderera antifreeze mushure mekumisa injini. Chikamu chechipiri chakasiyana nepombi hombe mumotokari yayo - shaft yayo inotyairwa nemagetsi mota.

Imwe nzira yekumisikidza pombi dzemvura ndeye dhizaini mhando:

• Isingaputsike. Mune iyi vhezheni, iyo pombi inoonekwa seinopisa iyo inofanirwa kutsiviwa panguva yekugadzirisa kwese (kunyangwe isina kuchinjwa kazhinji semafuta) emota. Shanduko dzakadai dzine dhizaini yakapusa, zvichiita kuti chinja chishandiswe zvakachipa zvikuru zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinodhura zvinovhengana zvinogona kugadziriswa. Maitiro aya anofanirwa kugara achiperekedzwa nekuisirwa bhandi idzva renguva, kutyora kuri mune dzimwe mota kwakazara nekukuvara kwakanyanya kuchikamu chemagetsi.
• Inowira pombi. Idzi shanduko dzakashandiswa mumashini ekare. Iyi nongedzo inokutendera iwe kuti uite kumwe kugadziridza kune iyo michina, pamwe nekugadzirisa kwayo (kuwacha, zora mafuta kana kutsiva izvo zvakakundikana zvikamu).

Kazhinji inotonhorera pombi malfunctions

Kana iyo pombi ikakundikana, injini kutonhora inomira kushanda. Kukanganisa kwakadaro kunozotungamira pakupisa kweinjini yemoto yemukati, asi izvi zviri mune yakanakisa mhedzisiro. Chakaipisisa ndechekuti kukanganiswa kwemvura inovhuvhuta kunotungamira kuzororo rebhandi renguva. Heano akajairika hydraulic pombi kuputsika:

1. Iyo gland yarasikirwa nemidziyo yayo. Basa rayo nderekudzivirira iyo ingress yeantifreeze mumutambo unotakura Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, girisi rinotakura rinoburitswa kunze nechando. Kunyange makemikari akaumbwa echinhu chinotonhodza aine mafuta uye akapfava kupfuura mvura yakajairwa, chinhu ichi chichiri kukanganisa kushanda kwemabheyaringi. Kana chinhu ichi chikarasikirwa nemafuta, nekufamba kwenguva zvinonyatso kupa wedge.
2. Impeller yatsemuka. Mune ino kesi, zvinoenderana nedanho rekukuvara kune iwo mashizha, iyo sisitimu inoshanda kwenguva yakati, asi iro rakadonha banga rinogona kuvhara nzira yenzvimbo yekushanda, saka kukuvara uku hakugone kufuratirwa kana.
3. Shaft play yaonekwa. Sezvo michina ichigara ichitenderera nekumhanya, nzvimbo yekumukira ichapaza zvishoma nezvishoma. Shure kwaizvozvo, iyo sisitimu inotanga kushanda isina kugadzikana, kana kutoparara zvachose.
4. Ngura pane zvemukati pombi zvikamu. Izvi zvinoitika kana mutyairi akadurura zvinotonhorera zvisina kumira zvakanaka muchirongwa. Kana kudonha kuchiitika muOS, chinhu chekutanga chaicho chinoitwa nevatyairi vazhinji kuzadza mvura yakajairika (yakashatiswa pakanaka). Sezvo ino mvura isina mafuta ekuzora, simbi zvikamu zvepombi zvinopora nekufamba kwenguva. Mhosva iyi zvakare inotungamira kune wedge yeiyo drive mashini.
5. Cavitation. Iyi ndiyo mhedzisiro apo mabhuru emhepo anoputika nesimba rakadai, izvo zvinotungamira mukuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvechigadzirwa. Nekuda kweizvi, izvo zvisina kusimba uye zvakanyanya zvakakanganiswa zvikamu zvinoparadzwa panguva yekushanda kwechigadzirwa.
6. Zvinhu zvekunze zvakaonekwa muhurongwa. Kuonekwa kwevhu kwakakonzerwa nekukasira kugadziriswa kweiyo system. Zvakare, kana mutyairi akaregeredza mazano ekushandisa antifreeze, kwete mvura. Mukuwedzera kune ngura nekuda kwekushisa kwakanyanya mumutsara, chikero chinonyatsooneka. Pakukosha, zvinongotadzisa zvishoma kufamba kwemahara kwechinhu chinotonhorera, uye mune zvakaipisisa mamiriro, aya madhipatimendi anogona kutyora nekukuvadza mashandiro ekushanda, semuenzaniso, kudzivirira vharuvhu yethermostat kufamba.
7. Kubereka kukundikana. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kupfeka kwechisikigo kana nekuda kwekudonhedza antifreeze kubva muchirongwa kuburikidza nechisimbiso chemafuta. Kukanganisa kwakadaro kunogona kubviswa chete nekutsiva pombi.
8. Nguva yebhandi yakatyoka. Kukundikana uku kunogona kungo fanirwa kunzi kune pombi mune iyo mudziyo wekutyaira wedge. Chero zvazvingaitika, kushomeka kwetoriki pane dhiraivha hakuzobvumidze mota kuti ishande (vharuvhu nguva uye kuvesa hazvishande zvinoenderana nesirinda kurohwa).

Kuti mota iwedzere kupisa, zvakaringana kumisa pombi kwemaminetsi mashoma. Tembiricha yakakosha mukubatanidzwa nehurefu hwemakanika mutoro kunogona kutungamira mukushomeka kwemusoro we cylinder, pamwe nekuputsa kwezvikamu zveKShM. Kuti usashandise mari yakanaka painjini yekuwedzeredza, zvakachipa kuita maitiro ekugadzirisa echitonhodza system uye kutsiva pombi.

Kukanganisa zviratidzo

Chiratidzo chekutanga che CO malfunctions kukurumidza uye kwakakomba kuwedzera kweye tembiricha yemota. Mune ino kesi, iyo antifreeze iri yekuwedzera tangi inogona kuve inotonhorera. Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa iyo thermostat - inogona kungova munzvimbo yakavharwa nekuda kwekutadza. Zvekuti mutyairi anogona kuzvimiririra kuona zvisakanaka muiri kutonhora system, yemukati yekupisa injini tembiricha sensor yakaiswa padheshibhodhi.

Chiratidzo chinotevera chinoratidza kudiwa kwekugadzirisa basa ndiko kudonhedza antifreeze munzvimbo yepombi. Mune ino kesi, iyo inotonhorera nhanho mune yekuwedzera tangi inodonha (chiyero cheichi chinoenderana nedhigiri rekukuvara). Iwe unogona kuwedzera antifreeze kune iyo system kana injini ikatonhora zvishoma (nekuda kweiyo huru tembiricha mutsauko, block inogona kutsemuka). Kunyangwe iwe uchigona kuenderera uchityaira nekudonha kudiki kweantifreeze, zvirinani kuenda kuchiteshi chesevhisi nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona kudzivirira zvakanyanya kukuvara kwakanyanya. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kudzikisa mutoro pane injini yemukati yemoto.

Heano zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuti unogona kuona hydraulic pombi kusashanda.

• Pakati pekutanga kweinjini isina kupisa, hutu hunonzwika kubva pasi pehood, asi usati wachinja pombi, unofanirwa kuti utarise mamiriro ejenareta (inoshandawo kubva kubhandi renguva, uye mune kumwe kuputsika inoburitsa izwi rakafanana). Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta, pane kumwe kuongorora.
• Antifreeze inodonha yakaonekwa kubva padivi repombi yekutyaira. Inogona kukonzerwa nemubato wekutamba, kupfeka kwechisimbiso, kana kuvuza kwebhokisi rekuzadza.
• Kutaridzika kwekutarisa kweiyo michina kwakaratidza kuvepo kweiyo shaft yekutamba, asi hapana inotonhorera inodonha. Kana zvikaitika zvisizvo, iyo pombi inoshanduka ikaita imwe nyowani, asi kana iyo modhi ikabviswa, iko kutakura uye chisimbiso chemafuta chinofanira kuchinjwa.

Zvinokonzera kusashanda kwepombi yemvura

Kukanganisa kwepombi yeinjini kutonhora system kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvitatu:

• Chekutanga, senge nzira dzese mumotokari, mudziyo uyu unowanzopera. Neichi chikonzero, vagadziri vemotokari vanogadza mimwe mirawo yekutsiva mhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo. Kutakura kana kupinza kunogona kutyoka.
• Chechipiri, iye mutyairi anogona mhanyisa kuparara michina. Semuenzaniso, ichapwanya nekukurumidza kana isiri antifreeze inodururwa muhurongwa, asi mvura, kunyangwe kana yakadonhedzwa. Iyo nharaunda yakaoma inogona kutungamira pakuyera kugadzirwa. Madepositi anogona kubvaruka uye kuvhara kuyerera kwemvura. Zvakare, kumisikidzwa zvisirizvo kweiyo michina kunogona kupa kuti isashande, semuenzaniso, kukakavara kwakanyanya pabhandi kunozotungamira mukukuvara.
• Chechitatu, kudonhedza antifreeze kuburikidza nechisimbiso chemafuta kuchakurumidza kumutsa kukanganisa.

DIY pombi kugadzirisa

Kana pombi inodonha ikaiswa pamota, kana ikaputsika, inogona kugadziriswa. Kunyangwe basa racho richigona kuitirwa zvakazvimiririra, zvirinani kuripa kune nyanzvi. Icho chikonzero cheichi ndiko kujekesa chaiko pakati pechigadzirwa muviri uye shaft. Nyanzvi ichakwanisawo kuona kana chishandiso chinogona kugadziriswa kana kwete.

Heino nhevedzano umo pombi yakadaro iri kugadziriswa:

1. Dhiraivhi bhandi rakabviswa (zvakakosha kuita mamaki pane yekumhanyisa nguva pulleys uye crankshaft kuitira kuti vharuvhu nguva isatamire);
2. Iko kusungira mabhaudhi kwakasunungurwa;
3. Pombi yese inobviswa muinjini;
4. Kubvarura kunoitwa nekubvisa mhete dzinochengeta;
5. Iyo shaft shaft yakadzvanywa kunze;
6. Mushure mekutsikirira kunze shaft, iyo inotakura mune dzakawanda kesi inoramba iri mudzimba, saka zvakare yakadzvanywa kunze;
7. Panguva ino, zvakasakara zvinhu zvinokandwa kure uye zvitsva zvinomisirwa panzvimbo;
8. Iyo michina yakaunganidzwa uye yakaiswa pane yemukati injini injini.

Humwe hunyengeri hweiyi nzira zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemota uye dhizaini yepombi pachayo. Nechikonzero ichi, kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kuitwa nehunyanzvi uyo anonzwisisa hunyengeri hwakadai.

Replacement

Mazhinji emagetsi emagetsi emazuva ano akashongedzerwa nepombi isingaparadzanisike. Kana ikaputsika, michina inoshanduka kuita nyowani. Kune mota zhinji, maitiro acho anenge akafanana. Iyo pulley pachayo haidi kubviswa, sezvo iri chikamu chemagadzirirwo eiyo hydraulic pombi.

Iyo yekutsiva maitiro inoitwa mune inotevera kuteedzana:

1. Dhiraivhi bhandi rinobviswa, asi zvisati zvaiswa mamaki pane iyo nguva uye crankshaft;
2. Iko kusungira mabhaudhi kwakasunungurwa uye pombi yakabviswa;
3. Isa iyo nyowani hydraulic pombi mune reverse odha.

Kunyangwe hazvo pombi iri kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa, usati watanga basa, zvinodikanwa kuti ubvise iyo antifreeze kubva muchirongwa. Uye heino humwe hunyengeri. Mazhinji mapombi matsva anotengeswa asina chingamu, saka unofanirwa kuitenga zvakasiyana. Izvo zvakakodzerawo kufunga kuti kuwana pombi hakusi kwemahara mune ese mamodheru emota, uye zvinoda ruzivo rwakanaka rwekuti chikamu cheinjini chakarongedzwa sei mune imwe nyaya.

Kana iyo pombi ikasatsiviwa nenguva, ipapo zvakanyanya antifreeze inozosiya system iyi zvishoma nezvishoma (inodonhedza kuburikidza nechisimbiso chemafuta). Kukanganisa kwakadaro hakudi mari yakakura, sezvo kudonha kudiki kwevatyairi vazhinji "kuchibviswa" nekuwedzera antifreeze.

Kana kuvuza kweantifreeze kwakakomba, asi mutyairi haana kuzviona nenguva, ipapo injini ichapisa (kutenderera kwakashata kana kusavapo kwayo nekuda kwenzvimbo inotonhorera yakaderera). Kutyaira nekutadza kwakadaro kunozotungamira mukuparara kwesimba remagetsi pacharo. Dhigirii yavo inoenderana nemamiriro enjini zvikamu. Chinhu chakanyanya kuipa kushandura geometry yemusoro we cylinder.

Nekuda kwekupisa kazhinji kwe mota, ma microcracks anozoonekwa mune block, inozotungamira mukutsiva kwakazara injini yemoto yemukati. Kugadziriswa kwemusoro kunogona kutungamira kuchinhu chekuti maseketi anotonhorera uye ekugadza masystem anogona kuchinja, uye antifreeze inopinda mota, iyo zvakare yakazara neiyo unit.

Kudzivirira kwekukanganisa

Nekudaro, tichipa zvakakomba mhedzisiro yekundikana kwemotokari hydraulic pombi, wese muridzi wemota anofanira kuita basa rinodzivirira panguva yakakodzera. Iyi runyorwa idiki. Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha kutevedzera kurudziro yeemakeraker yekutsiva kwakarongwa:

• Antifreeze. Zvakare, mhando yechinhu ichi inoda kupihwa kutarisisa kwakawanda;
• Pombi yemvura;
• Nguva yebhanhire (yakazara seti ine idler uye idler rollers, huwandu hwayo hunotsamira pane mota modhi).

Chinhu chakakosha izinga rakakodzera remutonhodza mudura. Iyi paramende iri nyore kudzora nekutenda kune inoenderana mamaki ari mutangi. Kana zvichikwanisika, zvirinani kusaisa iyo ingress yezvinhu zvekune imwe nyika mune yeOS line (semuenzaniso, kana paine kubuda mukati murediyeta, vamwe vatyairi vanodurura zvinhu zvakasarudzika mutangi izvo zvinogadzira dense dura mukati medunhu). Iyo yakachena injini kutonhora sisitimu haingodziviriri chete kukuvara kwepombi, asi zvakare inopa yepamusoro-mhando injini kutonhora.

Pakupera kwekudzokorora, tinokurudzira kutarisa pfupi vhidhiyo nezve injini pombi:

Chii chinonzi pombi? Zviratidzo zvepombi kusashanda. Kutsiva pombi uye bhandi renguva.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Nzira yekuziva sei kana pombi yakashata? Mitsindo ichibva kumotor ichiri kumhanya. Pombi pulley kutamba, inotonhorera inobuda. Kupisa kwemota kunokwira nekukurumidza uye kunopisa kazhinji.

Mapombi ndeechii? Ichi chinhu cheiyo inotonhorera system. Iyo pombi, kana pombi yemvura, inopa nguva dzose kutenderera kweantifreeze kuburikidza nehurongwa, ichimhanyisa kupisa kupisa pakati pemota nenharaunda.

Pombi yemvura inoshanda sei mumotokari? Mune iyo classic vhezheni, yakabatana kune crankshaft kuburikidza nebhandi. Nepo crankshaft ichitenderera, pombi impeller inotendererawo. Kune mamodheru ane munhu wega electric drive.