Mushonga wemakemikari wemushanduri wengura "Tsinkar"
Zviri mukati
Chii chinonzi Zinkar?
Chemikemikari yeTsinkar yakachengeteka kuvanhu, asi panguva imwechete inosanganisira zvinhu zvinoshanda zvinotarisana nepakati pekuparara kwesimbi. Iyo yakavakirwa pane phosphoric asidhi yakacheneswa uchishandisa akakosha matekiniki uye yakanyungudutswa nemvura, iyo iyo zinc uye manganese makomisheni anowedzerwa.
Chinhu chakakosha cheshandurudzo yengura Zinkar ndechekuti kuumbwa kwemhinduro kunosanganisira manganese uye zinc mune reactive state, iyo inoumba inodzivirira firimu resimba rakakosha pane simbi. Masayendisiti akaratidza kuti ndiwo makemikari anoshanda emushonga, achiita maviri maviri, anoita kuti zvikwanisike kubudirira kwepamusoro kweTsinkar - inenge 2-2,7 nguva yakakwirira kudarika ye monophosphate solutions, iyo yakakura pamusika uye ivo vari. zvakachipa, asi mari yacho haina kufanira .
Izvo zvinhu zvinogadzira ngura inoshandura Zinkar zvinoshanda sei?
Basa guru rezinc ndiro rinogadzirisa zvakananga panzvimbo dze electrochemical corrosion, kusikwa kwekudzivirira kwesimbi yekudzivirira. Chirevo chayo chiri mukuti pasi pesimba remhepo yakawanda mudziviriri anoputsa, achivimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi pasi payo.
Nerubatsiro rwemanganese, nzvimbo yakarapwa yakasvibiswa, kureva kuti, unhu hwekudzivirira hunovandudzwa, hunosiyanisa Zincar kubva kune monophosphate compounds.
Orthophosphoric acid inoita kuti zvikwanisike kuti zvese zingi uye manganese zvitaure nenzira yakanakisa. Iyo nzira yekuita kwayo ndeyekuumbwa kwechidziviriro chekudzivirira muchimiro che phosphate firimu, iyo inovandudza zvakanyanya kunamatira, ndiko kuti, kusungirirwa kwesimbi yepasi uye pendi yependi inoshandiswa pairi. Kana iyo pende uye phosphate layers zvakakuvadzwa, kukura kwecorrosion centers kunomira mukati memiganhu yenzvimbo iyo kutendeseka kwechikafu kwakaputswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhedzisiro yephosphoric acid pachiyero uye isiri-hydrated oxides inoderedzwa.
Mukuwedzera, iyo Zincar solution ine tannin, uyewo adsorption uye passivating inhibitors. Yekutanga inodiwa pakushandurwa kweiron oxide kuita makomisheni anotendera ngura zvimedu kuti zvibatire padanho rema molecular kune mumwe nemumwe uye kune intact mass yesimbi. Iwo ekupedzisira akagadzirirwa kudzikisa pasi maitiro ekuora zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, uye passivation inoitika nerubatsiro rwezvinhu zvine oxidation zvinhu. Iyo inodzivirira layer, zvinosanganisira passivating elements, inonokedza mwero wekuora kwesimbi. Nheyo yekushanda kweadsorption inhibitors ndiko kusikwa kweimwe firimu pane oxide layer, iyo inosimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwecorrosion.
Mhedzisiro yekubatana kwezvinhu zvemakemikari
Mushonga wemakemikari weTsincar unotibvumira kutaura pamusoro peiyi anti-rust seimwe yeakanakisa anti-corrosion agents maererano nekubudirira. Pakarepo mushure mekushandisa mhinduro kune yakakanganiswa simbi layer, zvinhu zvinoumba chigadzirwa zvinotanga kuparadza ngura, nepo okisijeni mafomu esimbi anoshandurwa kuita phosphate. Munguva iyi, manganese inopindirana ne zinc. Vanobatsira pakuumbwa kwechidziviriro chakavimbika chezvikamu zvinoshanda.
