SHRUS inoputika. Nzira yekutarisa uye kugadzirisa dambudziko

Pamberi pekumisikidzwa kwemota yekumberi-mavhiri pane chikamu chine chinoshamisa pakutanga kuona zita reCV rakabatana. Uye kwete imwe chete, asi ina. Zita rinonyengera rinoreva "hinge yeakaenzana angular velocities". Muzvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi, izwi rekuti homokinetic hinge rinowanzo shandiswa. Nekunze, iyo CV yakabatana yakafanana negrenade, ndosaka vanhu vakaidana saizvozvo. Asi kune vatyairi vazhinji, hapana chimiro kana decoding yechidimbu chinotsanangura kuti chikamu ichi chinoitirwa chii. Ngatiedzei kuzviongorora, uye panguva imwechete tizive kuti kusashanda kwemajoini eCV kunozviratidza sei uye kuti ungaziva sei kuti ndeipi yehinges ndiyo inokonzera dambudziko.

Chii chinonzi velocity joint yei?

Chinhu chikuru chepamberi-gumbo dhiraivha ndechekuti kutenderera kunofanirwa kuendeswa kumavhiri, ayo asingangofambi kumusoro uye pasi panguva yekufamba, asi zvakare kutendeuka pakona yakakosha.

Mune driveline, iyo yakatanga kushandiswa nekuda kweichi chinangwa, kutsauka kubva pakurongeka kwecoaxial yeshafts kunotungamirira kukudzikira kweangular velocity yekutenderera kweiyo shaft inofambiswa inoenderana nedhiraivha shaft. Uye kukwidza kunoitwa nemotokari, ndiko kunonoketsa kutenderera kwemaekisero anofambiswa. Somugumisiro, izvi zvose zvakaguma nekurasikirwa kwesimba, jerks mumakona uye kushanda kunoshungurudza kwekufambisa kwese, izvo zvinoreva kukurumidza kupfeka uye kuderedzwa kwehupenyu hwebasa rezvikamu zvayo. Cardan majoini ivo pachavo havanawo kusiyana nehupenyu hurefu.

Kugadzirwa kwehinge yeakaenzana angular velocities kwakashandura zvakanyanya mamiriro ezvinhu. Kushandiswa kwaro kunobvumira ma axle shafts kuti atenderere nekumhanya kweakona, kunyangwe mavhiri akatenderedzwa pakona yakakosha. Somugumisiro, kusavapo kwekudengenyeka uye jerks kunovimbiswa, uye zvinonyanya kukosha, kuendesa kutenderera kubva pamotokari kusvika kumavhiri kunoitwa pasina kurasikirwa kukuru kwesimba.

Yakasiyana-siyana yeCV majoini uye maitiro avo ekugadzira

Pane yega yega semi-axes pane maviri maCV majoini. Ndiko kuti, mumotokari yemotokari yepamberi, mune magirinedhi mana chete - maviri emukati uye maviri ekunze.

Hinges dzemukati nekunze dzinosiyana pakushanda uye kurongeka. Iyo yemukati iri padyo negiya bhokisi uye yakagadzirirwa kufambisa torque kubva kune axle shaft. Yaro yekushanda angle, sekutonga, haipfuuri 20 °, asi panguva imwechete inobvumira kumwe kutama pamwe chete neaxis, nokudaro kupa mukana wekuchinja urefu hwayo. Kupfupisa kana kurebesa dhiraivha shaft kunodiwa kutsiva kumiswa kufamba.

Iyo yekunze CV yakabatana inoiswa kune yakatarisana kumagumo kweaxle shaft, padyo nevhiri. Inokwanisa kushanda pamakona anenge 40 °, ichipa kutenderera uye kutenderera kwevhiri. Zviri pachena kuti grenade yekunze inoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa, uye naizvozvo inokundikana zvishoma kakawanda kupfuura iyo yemukati. Tsvina inobhururuka kubva pasi pemavhiri inobatsirawo kune izvi, iyo yekunze CV yakabatana inonyatsowana yakawanda kupfuura iyo yemukati.

Kune akati wandei emhando yedhizaini yeanogara ari velocity majoini. Nekudaro, munguva yedu mumotokari unogona kunyanya kuwana marudzi maviri eCV majoini - "Tripod" uye Rzeppa bhora rakabatana. Yekutanga haina hombe yekushanda, asi yakavimbika uye yakachipa, uye saka inowanzoshandiswa senge hinge yemukati. Inoshandisa rollers inoiswa paforogo yematanda matatu uye inotenderera pamabheji etsono.

Yechipiri ine hombe yekushanda yakakura, saka zvine musoro kuti inoshandiswa semubatanidzwa weCV wekunze. Inotumidzwa zita remuchina injiniya Alfred Rzeppa (mataurirwo asiriwo eRzeppa akajairika), chizvarwa chekuPoland aishandira kambani yeFord. Ndiye iye uyo, muna 1926, akagadzira dhizaini yekugara kwevelocity yakabatana nemabhora matanhatu, ayo anobatwa mumakomba ekuparadzanisa akaiswa pakati pemuviri uye nhangemutange yemukati. Kufamba kwemabhora pamwe chete nema grooves panhangemutange yemukati uye kubva mukati meimba inoita kuti zvikwanise kushandura kona pakati pemasanhu ekufambisa uye anotyairwa shafts pamusoro pehupamhi hwakawanda.

Zheppa's CV yakabatana nemhando dzayo dzemazuva ano ("Birfield", "Lebro", GKN nevamwe) dzichiri kubudirira kushandiswa muindasitiri yemotokari.

Zvikonzero zvekuputsika muSHRUS

Naivo pachavo, majoini anogara achimhanya akavimbika uye anogona kugara kwemazana ezviuru zvemakiromita, kana kunyange kureba. Kunze kwekunge, hongu, iwe usingabvumiri tsvina nemvura kupinda mazviri, shandura anthers uye mafuta ekuzora nenguva, kutyaira zvakanaka uye kudzivirira migwagwa yakaipa.

Uye zvakadaro magirinedhi anokundikanawo nekukurumidza kana gare gare. Nechikonzero chimwe kana chimwe, kushanda kunoonekwa mukeji kana muviri wehinge. Mabhora aikunguruka mukati aarova, achiburitsa hunhu hwakagomara hwesimbi. Zvadaro vanotaura nezve "crunch" yeCV joint.

Kudzokera shure uye kupfeka kunoitika nekuda kwekupfeka kwechisikigo kana semugumisiro wekushanda kusina kunaka. Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvakati wandei, asi chinonyanyozivikanwa ndeye yakakuvadzwa anther. Kuburikidza nekupwanya mubhoti yerabha yekudzivirira, oiri inobhururuka ichibuda, ichisiya zvinhu zvekukwesha zvehinge pasina kuzora. Mukuwedzera, kuburikidza nekutsemuka kweanther, unyoro, marara, jecha rinopinda mujoini yeCV, iyo inoshanda seyakaputira, ichikurumidza kupfeka grenade. Mamiriro eanthers anofanirwa kuongororwa nguva dzose - 5 ... makiromita ane zviuru zvitanhatu, uye pachiratidzo chiduku chekukuvara, shandura pasina kuzeza. Rubber boot yakachipa zvakanyanya pane CV joint.

Chechipiri chinonyanyozivikanwa chinotungamira mukupfeka nguva isati yakwana yemagirinedhi maitiro ekutyaira ane hukasha. Kutyaira zvakanyanya pamusoro penzvimbo ine hutsinye uye kutanga kwakapinza kwekufamba panguva iyo mavhiri akadzikiswa zvinonyanya kukanganisa majoini eCV.

Chimwe chikonzero chinogona kuita injini yekugadzirisa ine simba rekuvaka. Inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya mutoro pane kutapurirana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinhu zvaro, zvinosanganisira CV majoini, zvichave pasi pekukurumidza kupfeka.

Kana grenade ikatanga kugogodza nguva pfupi mushure mekutsiviwa, unogona kunge wakasangana nekopi isina kukwana kana fake. Asi hazvibviri kusabvisa zvikanganiso panguva yekuisa izvo zvinogona kudzima hinge itsva yemhando yepamusoro. Naizvozvo, kana usina chivimbo chakanyanya mukugona kwako, zviri nani kupa kutsiva kweCV majoini kune nyanzvi.

Sei hinge ichipwanya pane tembiricha yakaderera

Kuzora kwakakosha zvakanyanya mukuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakakodzera kwenguva refu kwemubatanidzwa weCV. Mamiriro ayo anofanira kuongororwa uye nguva nenguva achichinjwa. Asi haugone kuisa mafuta ekutanga anouya kuzoisa mugirinedhi. Kushandiswa kwegirisi yegraphite kunorambidzwa zvachose. Kune majoini eCV, mafuta anokosha anogadzirwa, sekutonga, ane molybdenum disulfide sekuwedzera. Iine zvinhu zvinodzivirira mvura uye inokwanisa kupfavisa mitoro inovhundutsa. Aya ndiwo mashandisirwo aanofanira kuitwa. Kuti utsive zvakanaka lubricant, grenade inofanira kubviswa, kuparadzaniswa uye kunyatsogezwa.

Hunhu hwekuzora mafuta hahusi nguva dzose hunosvika pachiratidzo. Mamwe marudzi haashiviriri chando zvakanaka uye anogona kukora pakudziya kwakaderera. Ipapo matamba anotanga kutsemuka. Iwo emukati CV majoini anodziya nekukurumidza uye anomira kugogodza, nepo ekunze anogona kuramba achiita ruzha rwakareba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zviri nani kuti udzivise kutendeuka kwakapinza uye accelerations kusvikira crunchi yamira. Zvichida, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza mafuta ari nani anogona kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakajairika kwemahinji mumamiriro ekunze echando.

Chii chinoitika kana iwe ukafuratira dambudziko

CV majoini haaparare husiku pasina chero zviratidzo zvekutanga. Kukanganisa kwemukati uye kupfeka kunooneka zvishoma nezvishoma, uye nzira yekuparadzwa kwechikamu inotora nguva yakareba. Naizvozvo, kwenguva yakati ne crispy hinges unogona kukwira, asi kana zvichibvira, inopinza accelerations uye kutendeuka nekumhanya kukuru kunofanira kudziviswa. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti usapotsa nguva uye usarega grenade ichidonha. Zvinokwanisika kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvekutumira zvichakuvadzwawo. Iine yakadonha CV yakabatana, mota haigone kufamba, uye uchafanirwa kuendesa kugaraji kana kuchiteshi chebasa uchishandisa tug kana tow rori. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, yakanamatira CV yakabatana inogona kutungamirira mukurasikirwa kwekutonga kwemotokari. Hazvina kufanira kutsanangura kuti izvi zvingava nemigumisiro ipi.

Naizvozvo, kana rikarira kana kuputika mukumiswa, usaverengera kutsvaga zvikonzero uye kuona honzeri yedambudziko. Uyezve, dzimwe nguva crunch inoreva kushayikwa kwekuzora, uye kusashanda kwakadaro kunobviswa zviri nyore uye zvakachipa.

Kuziva Iyo Yakananga Yakashata Hinge

Sezvo paine majoini mana eCV mumotokari yekumberi-mavhiri, zvakakosha kutsaura kusashanda uye kuona kuti ndeipi yemagirinedhi inoda kutsiviwa kana kuti kuomeswa. Vakawanda havazivi kuita izvi, kunyange muzviitiko zvakawanda zvinhu zvose hazvina kuoma.

Chokutanga pane zvose, hongu, iwe unofanirwa kuita kuongorora kwekuona. Kana iyo anther ikakuvadzwa, saka iyo CV yekubatanidza inoda kubviswa, kudzivirira, kudzora uye kutsiva iyo inodzivirira rubber bhutsu, uye seyakakura - kutsiva. Kukuvadzwa kwebhutsu kucharatidzwa zvisina kunanga negirisi yakasaswa pazvikamu zvakavakidzana.

Edza kutenderedza hinge kutenderedza axis neruoko. A serviceable CV joint inofanira kuramba isina kufamba. Kana paine yekutamba, saka hinge inofanirwa kutsiviwa. Nekudaro, zvichave zvakanyanya kuvimbika kuona kuvepo kana kusavapo kwekudzokera kumashure nekubvisa axle shaft nemagirinedhi uye kuibata muvise.

Kufunga kwekukanganisa kwekunze CV yekubatana

Iyo yakakura kona pakati pedhiraivha uye inotyairwa shaft, iyo yakakura mutoro unowanikwa nehinge, kunyanya kana panguva imwechete ichigamuchira yakakosha torque kubva kumota. Saka iyo iri nyore nzira yekuona yakashata yekunze CV joint. Shandura chidhiraivho kusvika kuruboshwe kana kurudyi uye tanga kufamba zvine simba. Kana crunch ichionekwa kana mavhiri akatendeudzirwa kuruboshwe, dambudziko riri kuruboshwe rwekunze grenade. Kana ikatanga kugogodza kana chidhiraivho chatendeudzirwa kurudyi, iwe unofanirwa kubata neiyo yekunze hinge chaiyo. Inzwi, sekutonga, rinonzwika zvakajeka uye rinogona kuperekedzwa. Zviratidzo zvinowanzozivikanwa uye hazvikonzeri kusava nechokwadi. Kana inzwi racho risina simba, kunyanya kurutivi rworudyi, zvino zviri nani kukumbira mubatsiri kuti ateerere.

Kutsunga kwekukanganisa kwemukati CV joint

Chikanganiso chemukati cheCV chinosanganiswa kazhinji hachizviratidze nenzira yakajeka kudaro. Kana iyo nzira yemugwagwa yakaenzana, dambudziko remukati grenade rinowanzotanga kuita ruzha nekumhanya kwakanyanya kana panguva yekumhanyisa, kana mutoro uri pahinge ukawedzera. Vibration uye jerking yemuchina zvakare zvinogoneka pano. Pakumhanya kwakadzika kusvika pakati nepakati, kudhumhana kwemukati-kati kunogona kunzwika paunenge uchityaira mumutsara wakatwasuka mumigwagwa ine misikanzwa, kunyanya kana vhiri rarova gomba.

Iwe unogona kusarudza gomba rakakodzera, rombo rakanaka, sarudzo yavo mumigwagwa yemumba yakafara kwazvo, uye edza kutyaira kuburikidza naro kutanga nevhiri reruboshwe, ipapo chete nekurudyi. Kana simbi crunch ikaitika mune yekutanga kesi, ipapo yekuruboshwe yemukati CV yakabatana iri pasi pekufungirwa, kana mune yechipiri, tarisa iyo yekurudyi. Ingo usangozvipfuudza, zvikasadaro nenzira iyi unogona kuparadza grenade inoshanda.

Uye usakanganwa kuti kugogodza kwakafanana uchityaira mumugwagwa wakashata kunogonawo kubva kune zvikamu.

Imwe nzira yakakodzera kune ese marudzi eCV majoini

Kana iwe uine jack handy, unogona kutarisa ese mana hinges uye kunyatsoona kuti ndeipi inokonzera dambudziko. Nzira yacho ndeiyi:

1. Isa chidhiraivho panzvimbo yepakati.

2. Turika rimwe remavhiri emberi.

3. Batanidza handbrake, isa giya lever munzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera uye tanga injini.

4. Mushure mekudzvinyirira clutch, shandisa 1st gear uye zvishoma nezvishoma usunungure clutch pedal. Vhiri rakarembera richatanga kutenderera.

5. Takura majoini eCV nekuisa zvinyoro bhureki. Iyo inonetsa yemukati hinge ichaita kuti inzwe nehunhu crunch. Kana magirinedhi ari maviri emukati ari kushanda, saka hapazovi nekurira kwekunze, uye injini ichatanga kumira.

6. Zvino shandura chidhiraivho kusvika kuruboshwe sezvinobvira. Hinge yemukati yakakundikana icharamba ichiita ruzha. Kana grenade yekunze yekuruboshwe iine kushanda kwemukati, inotinhirawo. Saizvozvo, ruzha ruchawedzera.

7. Saizvozvowo, tarisa yakarurama yekunze CV yakabatana nekushandura chidhiraivho kusvika kurudyi.

Mushure mekupedza bvunzo, isa giyashift knob isina kwayakarerekera, misa injini uye mirira kusvika vhiri ramira kutenderera. Iye zvino unogona kudzikisa motokari pasi.

Troubleshooting

Kana waona hinge ine dambudziko, unofanirwa kuibvisa, kuibvisa, kushambidza kwazvo uye kuiongorora. Kana pane kushanda, kukanganisa, backlash, iyo CV joint inofanira kutsiviwa neimwe itsva. Hapana chikonzero chekuigadzirisa. Kuedza kuisa jecha nzvimbo dzebasa kungangove kutambisa nguva uye kushanda nesimba uye hazvizopi mhedzisiro inogara.

Kana chikamu chacho chakarongeka, mushure mekugeza chinofanira kuzadzwa nemafuta anokosha eCV joints uye kudzokera kunzvimbo yayo. Zvimwe chetezvo zvinofanira kuitwa nehinge itsva. Sezvo mutemo, kune grenade yemukati unoda anenge 100 ... 120 g ye lubricant, nokuda kwekunze - zvishoma zvishoma. Lubrication panguva yegungano inofanirawo kuiswa pasi peanther, uye wozoisimbisa zvakachengeteka nemagetsi kumativi ose maviri.

Sezvo kukanganisa panguva yekuiswa kweCV majoini kunogona kutungamira mukutadza kwavo nguva isati yakwana, zviri nani kuita iyi nzira kekutanga pamberi pemutyairi ane ruzivo anozotsanangura zvese zvemaitiro munzira.

Paunenge uchitsiva zvikamu zvine symmetrical peya mumushini, iwe unofanirwa kutungamirwa neyakajairwa mutemo - shandura zvese zviri zviviri zvinhu panguva imwe chete. Uyu mutemo unofanirwa kushandiswawo kune majoini eCV, asi nekujekesa kumwe kwakakosha: usambobvisa ese maaxle shafts kamwechete kuitira kudzivirira kutamiswa kwemagiya akasiyana. Kutanga, shanda neaxle shaft uye uiise panzvimbo, chete ipapo iwe unogona kubvisa yechipiri kana zvichidikanwa.

Hinges dzakachipa, dzakagadzirwa pasi pemhando dzinozivikanwa zvishoma, dzinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi yakaderera uye haina kunyatso kuunganidzwa; Zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zvinofanira kudziviswa. Iwe unofanirwawo kungwarira pakusarudza kwekutenga. Muchitoro chendaneti iwe unogona kutenga izvo zvinodiwa zvakasara zvekutumira, kumiswa uye mamwe masisitimu emota dzakagadzirwa muChina neEurope.

Onawo

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