Maitiro ekugadzirisa iyo automatic transmission

Rimwe remagapu muruzivo rwevaridzi vemotokari vane otomatiki gearbox hunhu hwakadai sekuchinjika. Kunyangwe pasina kuziva nezve basa iri, vatyairi mukati mekushanda kwezuva nezuva vanoshingairira kushandura otomatiki, kugadzirisa maitiro ayo ekushanda kune yavo yega yekutyaira maitiro.

Mushure mekugadzirisa zvigadziriso zvaitwa munzvimbo yebasa, iyo otomatiki kuendesa inoenderera ichichinjika mukati mekuwedzera kushanda.

Chii chinonzi automatic transmission adaptation uye nei ichidiwa

Mafungiro ekugadzirisa mupfungwa yakafara zvinoreva kuchinjika kwechinhu kukuchinja mamiriro ekunze nemukati. Zvichienderana nemotokari, izwi iri rinoreva kugadziridzwa kwekushanda kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana zvichienderana nemhando yekutyaira, nzira dzinoenderana dzekushanda kweinjini uye brake system, nguva yekushanda uye dhigirii rekupfeka kwezvikamu zvemashini.

Otomatiki kutapurirana kunoreva iyo yekare vhezheni ye hydromechanical gearbox, inosanganisira otomatiki yepuraneti giya bhokisi uye hydrodynamic torque transformer, pamwe nemarobhoti gearbox. Kune dzakasiyana siyana nzira dzekushandura giya reshiyo yekutapurirana pasina kupindira kwevanhu, sevanosiyanisa, musoro urikutariswa haushande.

Kune hydromechanical gearbox, maitiro ekugadzirisa anoenderana nekugadzirisa marongero eiyo otomatiki transmission electronic control unit (ECU). Chishandiso chekuchengetera chine zvirongwa zvine musoro zvinogashira ruzivo kubva kumasensa kana mayuniti ekudzora emamwe masisitimu. Iwo ekuisa parameters eECU kumhanya kwe crankshaft, goho shaft uye turbine, chinzvimbo chegasi pedal uye Kick-Down switch, mwero wemafuta uye tembiricha, nezvimwewo. Mirairo inogadzirwa muECU inotumirwa kune ma actuators. yeiyo hydraulic control unit yegiya bhokisi.

Sectional maonero eiyo hydromechanical gearbox.

Kare otomatiki ekutapurirana modhi aive akashongedzerwa nekusingaperi ekuchengetedza zvishandiso izvo zvaisatendera shanduko kune control algorithm. Iko mukana wekugadzirisa wakaonekwa nekuvandudzwa kwezvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza zvinoshandiswa munenge ese emazuva ano otomatiki transmissions.

Iyo programmer yeiyo otomatiki transmission ECU inogadziriswa kuti ifunge nezve akawanda akasiyana ma paramita ekushanda, iyo huru iyo yekugadzirisa inogona kutariswa seyinotevera:

1. Acceleration dynamics, inoratidzirwa mukupinza kwekutsikirira gasi pedal. Zvichienderana nazvo, muchina unogadzirisa unogona kupindira kune yakatsetseka, yakawedzera giya yekuchinja kana kune inokwirisa, kusanganisira kusvetuka nematanho.
2. Nzira yekufambisa iyo purogiramu inopindura nehuwandu hwekuchinja kwechinzvimbo chegasi pedal. Iine nzvimbo yakagadzikana yeaccelerator mukufamba, magiya epamusoro anochinjirwa kuchengetedza mafuta, aine "ragged" modhi yekufambisa mumigwagwa yemigwagwa, muchina unochinja kune magiya ekudzikisa nekuderera kwenhamba yekuchinja.
3. Braking style. Nenguva zhinji uye inopinza braking, iyo otomatiki dhizaini inogadzirirwa kukurumidza kudzikisira, maitiro ekutsvedzerera mabhureki anoenderana nekutsetseka kwegiya.

Kunyange zvazvo maitiro ekugadzirisa kushandiswa kweiyo hydromechanical automatic transmission nerubatsiro rweECU inoitika mune imwe nguva modhi, mune dzimwe nguva zvakakosha kugadzirisa zvirongwa zviripo uye kugadzirisa zvakare maparameter. Iyi nzira inokurudzirwa kuti iitwe pakuchinja muridzi (mutyairi), kana kusashanda zvisirizvo kweiyo unit kana mushure mekugadzirisa, kana mafuta akachinjwa panguva yekugadzirisa.

Gadzirisa iyo yapfuura yakagadziridzwa paECU.

Vatyairi vane ruzivo vanodzidzira kugadzirisa pavanenge vachichinja kubva munguva yechando kuenda kukushanda kwezhizha uye zvakasiyana, pavanenge vachidzoka kubva kurwendo rurefu kuenda kuguta rekutenderera, mushure mekufamba nehuremu hwemotokari.

Kune marobhoti egiya mabhokisi, chinangwa chekugadzirisa ndechekugadzirisa maitiro ekushanda zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekupfeka kwe clutch disc. Iyi nzira inokurudzirwa kuti iitwe nguva nenguva nenzira yakarongwa, kana pane kukundikana mukushanda kwayo, mushure mekugadzirisa kwekufambisa kwapera. Maitiro ekutyaira emunhu mune iyi kesi anongoshanda sechikonzero chekuongororwa uye kugadzirisa.

Nzira yekuita sei kugadzirisa

Iyo yekuchinjisa maitiro inosanganisira kuseta mitsva paramita ye reprogrammable otomatiki transmission komputa. Nheyo yekushanda kwemidziyo iyi yakavakirwa pane imwecheteyo logic yedunhu, asi yega yega modhi yemotokari inoda nzira yega uye algorithm yezviito.

Mazhinji eECU anokwanisa kudzokororwa mune maviri ekugadzirisa modes:

1. Yenguva refu, iyo inoda motokari inomhanya kubva ku200 kusvika ku1000 km. Pachinhambwe ichi, ECU inofunga uye inoyeuka avhareji maitiro ekushanda kwemasisitimu uye michina. Muchiitiko ichi, mutyairi haadi chero zviito zvekuwedzera kana zvine chinangwa (kunze kwekufamba nenzira yake yenguva dzose), uye kune zvikamu uye zvikamu nzira iyi inonyanya kupfava uye inokurudzirwa.
2. Yakakurumidza, inoitwa chinhambwe chemazana mazana emamita uye kwemaminetsi akati wandei. Zvakakodzera kushandisa maitiro akadaro, semuenzaniso, panguva yekuchinja kwakapinza kubva kune yakatsetseka yedhorobha modhi kuenda kune "yakabvaruka" yeguta modhi ine traffic jams, kukurumidza kukurumidza uye kwakapinza braking. Kana kuchinja kwakadaro kusingawanzoitiki, zviri nani kusiya chigadziro chekugadzirisa kuECU.

Kuita kuchinjika kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana munzvimbo yebasa.

Gadzirisa tsika dzekare

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kugadzirisa kunoda kugadziridzwa kwekutanga kwezvirongwa zviripo. Dzimwe nguva izwi rekuti "zeroing" rinoshandiswa pakuvhiya uku, kunyangwe kusetazve kunongoreva kudzoka kune yekutanga chirongwa paramita yeiyi otomatiki yekufambisa modhi.

Iyo otomatiki transmission adaptation reset inoitwa mushure mekunge giya bhokisi ragadziriswa kana risingashande nemazvo, iro rinoratidzwa mukunonoka giya kuchinja, jerks kana jerks. Iwe unogona zvakare kudzokera kune yekumisikidzwa kwefekitori yeotomatiki kutapurirana paunenge uchitenga mota yakashandiswa kuitira kuti unzwe mamiriro akajairwa uye maitiro ekushandisa akaiswa pasi nemugadziri.

Kuti ugadzirise zvakare, zvinodikanwa preheat mafuta ebhokisi kune tembiricha yekushandisa, uye wozoita zvinotevera kutevedzana kwekushanda:

• kudzima injini kwemaminitsi mashomanana;
• batidza moto, asi usatanga injini;
• zvakatevedzana nenguva ye3-4 masekonzi, ita 4-5-kupeta kushandura kwebhokisi pakati pevanosarudza nzvimbo N uye D;
• dzima injini zvakare.

Kuti ugadzirise iro robhoti bhokisi, zvinodikanwa kushandisa yakakosha yekuongorora michina kuona mamiriro emayuniti eclutch, clutch uye giya rekudzora madhiraivha, mayuniti ekudzora uye software adapta yehurongwa.

Inguva yakareba sei kumirira mhedzisiro

Mhedzisiro yekumisikidza zvigadziriso inogona kuongororwa mushure me5-10 maminetsi, zviri nani munzira yakati sandara uye yemahara, pasina kamwe kamwe accelerations uye braking. Mhedzisiro yeiyi nhanho yekuchinjisa ndiko kupfava uye kutsetseka kwemakanika, kusavapo kwekuvhunduka uye kunonoka kana uchichinja magiya.

Yakakurumidza kugadziriswa kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana

Kukurumidza kugadzirisa, neimwe nzira kunonzi kumanikidzwa, kunogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri, imwe neimwe inoreva kuvapo kwealgorithm yakavimbika yezviito uye nzira yehunyanzvi. Maforamu uye nhaurirano dzevaridzi vemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzinoratidza kuti havasi vese vanogona kuwana sosi vari voga uye kuzadzisa mhedzisiro yaunoda nayo.

Nzira yekutanga ndeyekuvheneka ECU, iyo inofanirwa kuvimbwa kune nyanzvi dzebasa dzakashongedzerwa nemidziyo inodiwa uye software.

Nzira yechipiri yekumhanyisa kuchinjika ndeyekudzidzirazve ECU pakufamba, izvo zvinodawo ruzivo rwekutanga rwehunyanzvi rwebhokisi rinochinjika. Iyo algorithm inosanganisira sequential uye cyclic mashandiro (munhu kune yega mhando uye modhi) yekudziya, kumisa uye kutanga injini, ichimhanyisa kune yakatsanangurwa kumhanya, mileage uye braking.

Matambudziko panguva yekuita

Kugadziriswa kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana kwave kukwanisika nekuda kwekubuda kweakaomesesa emagetsi masisitimu anoramba achivandudza nekuvandudza. Kuoma kweaya masisitimu, ane chinangwa chekuvandudza kutyaira uye kuchengetedzeka, kwakazara nenjodzi dzinogona kuitika uye matambudziko anogona kuitika.

Matambudziko anomuka panguva yekushanda kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana kana kuchinjika kwayo kazhinji inosanganiswa nekushanda kwekombuta, nekutadza kwechirongwa chayo logic maseketi kana tekinoroji zvinhu. Zvikonzero zvekupedzisira zvinogona kunge zviri mapfupi maseketi nekuda kwekutyorwa kwekudzivirira kana kutendeseka kwedzimba, kupisa kana kupindira kwehunyoro, mafuta, guruva, pamwe nekukwira kwemagetsi mumotokari pabhodhi network.