Maitiro ekutarisa iyo Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF) yeinjini: 5 nzira dzakaratidzwa
Zviri mukati
DMRV, mass air flow sensor, mamwe mazita MAF (Mass Air Flow) kana MAF ndiyo mita yekuyerera kwemhepo mumagetsi emagetsi jekiseni rekutonga. Chiyero cheokisijeni mumhepo yakanyatsogadzikana, saka, kuziva huwandu hwemhepo inopinda mukutora uye chiyero che theoretical pakati peokisijeni nepetroli mukupisa kwekuita (stoichiometric composition), unogona kuona huwandu hwepeturu hwaunoda panguva ino. nekupa murairo wakakodzera kune majekiseni emafuta.
Iyo sensor haina kukosha pakushanda kweinjini, saka, kana ikatadza, zvinokwanisika kushandura kune bypass control chirongwa uye nekuwedzera basa nekuderera kwehunhu hwese hwemotokari rwendo kuenda kunzvimbo yekugadzirisa.
Sei uchida mhepo inoyerera sensor (MAF) mumotokari
Kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zveecology nehupfumi, iyo yemagetsi injini control system (ECM) inofanirwa kuziva kuti yakawanda sei mweya inodhonzwa mumasilinda nemapiston ekutenderera kwazvino kwekushanda. Izvi zvinotarisa huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwenguva iyo iyo peturu jekiseni nozzle ichavhurwa mune yega yega silinda.
Sezvo kudonhera kudonhera pasi pejekiseni uye kuita kwayo kuchizivikanwa, nguva ino ine hukama hwakasiyana nehuremu hwemafuta anopihwa kuti apiswe mukutenderera kumwe kwekushanda kweinjini.
Zvisina kunanga, huwandu hwemhepo hunogonawo kuverengerwa nekuziva kumhanya kwekutenderera kwe crankshaft, kutamiswa kweinjini uye dhigirii rekuvhurwa kweiyo throttle. Iyi data yakaomeswa muchirongwa chekutonga kana kupihwa nemasensa akakodzera, saka injini inoramba ichishanda muzviitiko zvakawanda kana iyo huru yekuyerera kwemhepo sensor ikatadza.
Asi kuona kuwanda kwemhepo kutenderera kuchave kwakanyatso kurongeka kana iwe ukashandisa yakakosha sensor. Kusiyana kwekushanda kunoonekwa pakarepo kana iwe ukabvisa chibatanidza chemagetsi kubva pairi. Zvose zviratidzo zvekukundikana kweMAF uye zvikanganiso zvekushanda purogiramu yekudarika zvichaonekwa.
Mhando uye maficha eDMRV
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuyera kuyerera kwemhepo yakawanda, nhatu dzadzo dzinoshandiswa mumotokari ine madhigirii akasiyana ekuzivikanwa.
Volumetric
Mamita akareruka ekuyerera akavakwa pamusimboti wekuisa blade yekuyeresa muchikamu chemuchinjiko wemhepo inopfuura, pairi kuyerera kwaimanikidza. Pasi pechiito chayo, blade yakatenderera yakatenderedza axis yayo, uko potentiometer yemagetsi yakaiswa.
Yakangosara kuti ibvise chiratidzo kubva pairi uye ichiendesa kuECM kuti digitization uye kushandiswa mukuverenga. Chishandiso chacho chakareruka sezvachinokanganisa kuvandudza, sezvo zvakaoma chaizvo kuwana hunhu hunogamuchirwa hwekutsamira kwechiratidzo pakuyerera kwehuwandu. Mukuwedzera, kuvimbika kwakaderera nekuda kwekuvapo kwe mechanically kufamba zvikamu.
Zvakanyanya kuoma kunzwisisa ndeyekuyerera mita yakavakirwa pane Karman vortex musimboti. Mhedzisiro yekuitika kwechamupupuri chemhepo panguva yekupfuura kwayo kuburikidza neaerodynamically isina kukwana chipingamupinyi inoshandiswa.
Kuwanda kwezviratidziro izvi zvemhirizhonga kunoenderana nemutsara pakuyerera kwevelocity, kana saizi uye chimiro chechipinganidzo chakanyatso kusarudzwa kune yaunoda chiyero. Uye iyo chiratidzo chinopihwa nemhepo inomanikidza sensor yakaiswa munzvimbo ye turbulence.
Parizvino, volumetric sensors haisati yamboshandiswa, ichipa nzira kune inopisa-waya anemometric zvishandiso.
Waya
Kushanda kwechigadzirwa chakadaro kunobva pamutemo wekutonhodza platinamu coil inopisa neyakagadziriswa ikozvino kana ichiiswa mumhepo stream.
Kana iyi yazvino ichizivikanwa, uye yakaiswa nemudziyo pachayo nehupamhi hwepamusoro uye kugadzikana, ipapo iyo voltage pamhepo inotenderera ichaenderana neyakakwana mutsara pakupokana kwayo, iyo inozotemerwa nekupisa kweiyo inopisa conductive. thread.
Asi inotonhodzwa nekuyerera kuri kuuya, saka tinogona kutaura kuti chiratidzo chiri muchimiro chevoltage inoenzanirana nehuwandu hwemhepo inopfuura pane imwe nguva yeyuniti, ndiko kuti, chaizvo parameter inoda kuyerwa.
Ehe, iko kukanganisa kukuru kuchaunzwa nekupisa kwemhepo yekupinda, iyo iyo density yayo uye kugona kutamisa kupisa kunoenderana. Nokudaro, chidziviriro chinopisa chinopisa chinopinzwa munharaunda, iyo nenzira imwe kana imwe kubva kune vakawanda vanozivikanwa mumagetsi inofunga nezvekugadzirisa kwekuyerera kwekuyerera.
Wire MAFs dzine huchokwadi hwepamusoro uye kuvimbika kunogamuchirwa, saka dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzakagadzirwa. Kunyangwe maererano nemutengo uye kuoma, sensor iyi yechipiri chete kune ECM pachayo.
Film
Mumufirimu MAF, misiyano kubva kune waya MAF inongori mukugadzirwa, zvichingodaro ichiri yakafanana inopisa-waya anemometer. Chete kupisa zvinhu uye thermally compensating resistances zvinogadzirwa nenzira yemafirimu pane semiconductor chip.
Mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakasanganiswa sensor, compact uye yakavimbika, kunyangwe zvakanyanya kuoma maererano nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira. Ndiko kuomarara uku kusingatenderi kuenzana kwepamusoro kwakafanana kunopihwa waya yeplatinamu.
Asi kunyatsojeka kweMAF hakudiwi, iyo sisitimu ichiri kushanda nemhinduro pane yeokisijeni yemukati mumagasi ekupedza, iyo inodiwa kururamiswa kweiyo cyclic mafuta inopihwa ichaitwa.
Asi mukugadzirwa kwakawanda, sensor yefirimu inodhura zvishoma, uye nemusimboti wayo wekuvaka, ine kuvimbika kukuru. Nokudaro, zvishoma nezvishoma vari kutsiva waya, kunyange zvazvo chaizvoizvo vose vari vaviri vanorasikirwa neabsolute pressure sensors, iyo inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo yeDMRV nekushandura nzira yekuverenga.
Kukanganisa zviratidzo
Kukanganisa kwekutadza kushanda kweDMRV painjini kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemota chaiyo. Zvimwe hazvigoneke kutanga kana iyo yekuyerera sensor ikatadza, kunyangwe vazhinji vachingo shatisa mashandiro avo uye kusimudza kukurumidza kukurumidza kana uchisiya bypass subroutine uye Cheki Engine mwenje iripo.
Kazhinji, kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa kunovhiringidzwa. Iyo ECM, inonyengerwa neasina kururama kuyerera kwemhepo kuverenga, inogadzira huwandu husina kukwana hwemafuta, zvichiita kuti injini ichinje zvakanyanya:
- kuderera kana kupfumisa musanganiswa kunotungamirira kune chaotic dips mukusunda injini;
- isina basa inosvetuka kusvika yaiswa padanho repamusoro rakapetwa kaviri kana katatu mushure mekunge MAF yabviswa pakufunga nemutongi;
- kushandiswa kwemafuta kunowedzera uye simba remotokari rinoderera;
- mwenje wekudzora unovhenekerwa uye zvinoita kuti uverenge kodhi yekukanganisa.
Kuongororwa kwekutanga kweMAF kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa scanner inokwanisa kududzira zvikanganiso mundangariro yeECM.
DMRV error codes
Kazhinji, mutongi anoburitsa kodhi yekukanganisa P0100. Izvi zvinoreva kusashanda kweMAF, kuita kuburitsa kwakadaro kweECM kunoita kuti masaini kubva ku sensor aende kupfuura iyo inogoneka huwandu hwenguva yakatarwa.
Mune ino kesi, iyo general kukanganisa kodhi inogona kutsanangurwa nekuwedzera:
- P0101 - zvakajeka kukanganisa chiratidzo chezinga, kunze kwehuwandu;
- P0102 - yakaderera mwero muchiratidzo chedunhu;
- P0103 - yakakwirira muzinga rechiratidzo;
- P0104 - chiratidzo chisina kugadzikana chine zvikanganiso.
Hazvisi nguva dzose zvinogoneka kuona kusashanda nemakodhi ezvikanganiso, kazhinji idzi scanner data inoshanda chete seruzivo rwekufungisisa.
Uye zvakare, zvikanganiso hazviwanzo kuoneka imwe panguva, semuenzaniso, kusashanda zvakanaka muDMRV kunogona kutungamirira kune shanduko mukuumbwa kwemusanganiswa nemakodhi senge P0174 nezvimwe zvakadaro. Kumwe kuongorora kunoitwa zvinoenderana nekuverenga chaiko sensor.
Maitiro ekuyedza iyo mass air flow sensor
Chigadzirwa chacho chakanyanya kuoma uye chinodhura, icho chinoda kutarisirwa kana uchichiramba. Zviri nani kushandisa nzira dzekushandisa, kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu angave akasiyana.
Nzira 1 - kuongorora kwekunze
Nzvimbo yeMAF padivi penzira yekuyerera kwemhepo yatova kuseri kwesefa inofanirwa kuchengetedza ma sensor zvinhu kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemichina nekubhururuka zvimedu zvakasimba kana tsvina.
Asi iyo sefa haina kukwana, inogona kuputswa kana kuisirwa nezvikanganiso, saka mamiriro e sensor anogona kutanga aongororwa nemeso.
Nzvimbo dzayo dzakasimba dzinofanira kunge dzisina kukuvara kwemuchina kana kusvibiswa kunooneka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chigadziro hachichakwanisi kupa kuverenga kwakarurama uye kupindira kuchadiwa pakugadzirisa.
Nzira 2 - kudzima magetsi
Muzviitiko zvisina kujeka, kana iyo ECM isingakwanisi kuramba zvisina kujeka sensor nekuchinja kune bypass mode, chiito chakadaro chinogona kuitwa chakazvimirira nekungodzima injini uye kubvisa chinongedzo chemagetsi kubva kuDMRV.
Kana injini yekushanda ikava yakagadzikana, uye kuchinja kwayo kwose kunoramba kuchingoitika kune software bypass ye sensor, semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwekumhanya kusina basa, saka kufungidzira kunogona kuonekwa kwakasimbiswa.
Nzira 3 - tarisa ne multimeter
Motokari dzose dzakasiyana, saka hapana nzira imwe chete yekuongorora MAF ine multimeter voltmeter, asi kushandisa manzwi anowanzozivikanwa eVAZ semuenzaniso, unogona kuratidza kuti izvi zvinoitwa sei.
Iyo voltmeter inofanira kunge iine huchokwadi hwakakodzera, ndiko kuti, kuve yedhijitari uye iine kanenge manhamba mana. Inofanira kubatanidzwa pakati pechiridzwa "pasi", chiri paDMRV connector uye chiratidzo chetambo uchishandisa tsono probes.
Iyo voltage ye sensor nyowani mushure mekubatidzwa kwemoto haisvike 1 Volt, kune inoshanda DMRV (Bosch masisitimu, Siemens inowanikwa, kune zvimwe zviratidzo uye nzira) inenge iri muhuwandu hwekusvika ku1,04 volts uye inofanira kuwedzera zvakanyanya kana ichiridza, ndiko kuti, kutanga uye seti yekutendeuka.
Nechepfungwa, zvinokwanisika kudaidza iyo sensor zvinhu neohmmeter, asi iri ratove basa renyanzvi dzinoziva chikamu chezvinyorwa zvakanaka.
Nzira 4 - kutarisa ne scanner Vasya Diagnostic
Kana pasina zvinodikanwa zvekuratidza kodhi yekukanganisa parizvino, asi kufungidzira nezve sensor kwakaumbwa, saka iwe unogona kuona kuverenga kwayo kuburikidza nekombuta-based diagnostic scanner, semuenzaniso VCDS, iyo inonzi Vasya Diagnostic muchiRussia adaptation.
Matanho ane hukama neazvino kuyerera kwemhepo (211, 212, 213) anoratidzwa pachiratidziri. Nekuendesa injini kune dzakasiyana modes, unogona kuona kuti kuverenga kweMAF kunoenderana sei neakatemwa.
Zvinoitika kuti kutsauka kunoitika chete neimwe mhepo inoyerera, uye iko kukanganisa hakuna nguva yekuonekwa muchimiro chekodhi. Iyo scanner ichakubvumidza kuti ufunge nezve izvi zvakadzama.
Nzira 5 - kutsiva nekushanda
DMRV inoreva kune izvo zvinonzwa, izvo zvinotsiva izvo hazvina kuoma, zvinogara zvichionekwa. Naizvozvo, kazhinji zviri nyore kushandisa yekutsiva sensor, uye kana injini yekushanda ikadzokera kune yakajairwa zvinoenderana nechinangwa chezviratidzo kana scanner data, zvino chasara kutenga sensor nyowani.
Kazhinji, ma diagnosticians ane anotsiva ese maturusi akadaro. Iwe unongoda kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadziriso chakafanana chaizvo nechainofanirwa kunge chiri cheinjini iyi zvichienderana nekutsanangurwa, chitarisiko chimwe chete hachina kukwana, unofanirwa kutarisa nhamba dzekabhuku.
Nzira yekuchenesa sei sensor
Kazhinji, dambudziko chete ne sensor kusvibiswa kubva kuhupenyu hurefu. Muchiitiko ichi, kuchenesa kuchabatsira.
Iyo yakapfava inonzwa chinhu haigone kushivirira chero mechaniki maitiro uye ipapo haizoratidze chero chinhu chakanaka kune controller. Kusvibiswa kunofanira kungosukwa.
Sarudzo yekuchenesa
Iwe unogona kuedza kutsvaga yakakosha mvura, iripo mune mamwe evagadziri emakatalogi, asi iri nyore uye inoshanda zvakanyanya kushandisa yakajairika carburetor cleaner mumagaba aerosol.
Nekugeza chinhu chinonzwa che sensor kuburikidza nechubhu inopihwa, unogona kuona kuti tsvina inonyangarika sei pamberi pemeso ako, kazhinji zvigadzirwa zvakadaro ndizvo zvine simba zvakanyanya mukusvibiswa kwemotokari. Pamusoro pezvo, inobata magetsi ekuyeresa zvakanaka, pasina kukonzeresa kutonhora, senge doro.
Maitiro ekuwedzera hupenyu hweMAF
Kuvimbika uye kusimba kwemhepo inoyerera sensor zvinoenderana zvachose nemamiriro eiyi mhepo.
Ndiko kuti, zvakakosha kutarisa uye kugara uchishandura mhepo sefa, kudzivisa kuvhara kwayo kwakakwana, kunyorova mumvura, pamwe nekuisa nezvikanganiso kana mapeji anoramba ari pakati peimba uye sefa.
Izvo zvakare hazvigamuchirwe kushandisa injini ine malfunctions inobvumira reverse emissions mugwara rekudya. Izvi zvinoparadzawo MAF.
Zvikasadaro, iyo sensor inovimbika uye haina chero matambudziko, kunyangwe iyo nguva yekutarisa pane scanner ichave chiyero chakanaka chekuchengetedza yakajairika mafuta ekushandisa.
