Rini uye sei zvakakosha kugadzirisa mavharuvhu paVAZ 2105: kutevedzana kwemaitiro nemifananidzo nemavhidhiyo
Zviri mukati
Pasinei nekugadzirwa kwakajeka kwemavharuvhu uye mavharuvhu stem seals ejini, zvinhu izvi zvinoita basa rakakosha, pasina izvo zvakajairika kushanda kwesimba remagetsi hazvigoneke. Kubudirira kweinjini zvakananga kunoenderana nekushanda kwakarurama kwemavharuvhu: simba, chepfu, kushandiswa kwemafuta. Nokudaro, kutendeseka kwavo, kufanana nekugadzirisa zvibvumirano, zvakakosha zvikuru.
Chinangwa mavharuvhu ari VAZ 2105 injini
Mune injini yeVAZ 2105, sezvimwe mune imwe injini inopisa mukati, mavharuvhu chinhu chakakosha chegasi rekugovera michina. Pa "mashanu" mumagetsi emagetsi, mavharuvhu 8 anoshandiswa: kune 2 mavharuvhu egasi rimwe nerimwe, chinangwa chikuru chayo ndechekugovera kwakarurama kwegasi. Kuburikidza nemapoka, musanganiswa wehuturu nemhepo zvinopihwa kukamuri yekupisa kuburikidza nekuwanda kwekudya uye magasi ekuburitsa anoburitswa kuburikidza neiyo exhaust system. Muchiitiko chekuputsika nevhavha chero ipi zvayo, kushanda kwegasi rekugovera gasi, pamwe chete nejini yose seyose, inovhiringidzika.
Kugadziriswa kwevhavha paVAZ 2105
Mota dzemhuri yeVAZ, dzakadai seVAZ 2101/07, dzine injini dzine dhizaini yakafanana. Misiyano iri, sekutonga, mune mamwe maitiro ehunyanzvi. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uite basa rekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa iwe pachako. Kushanda kwakagadzikana kweinjini yeVAZ 2105 hakugoneki pasina mavharuvhu akagadziridzwa. Maitiro acho akakodzera kune ese emagetsi zvidyarwa zvechinyakare Zhiguli modhi. Icho chakakosha chekugadzirisa ndechekushandura gap pakati pe rocker necamshaft cam. Ndokumbira utarise kuti kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kuitwa pane inotonhora mota.
Nguva ipi uye nei kugadziriswa kwevhavha kuchidiwa?
Kugadziriswa kwemavharuvhu paVAZ 2105 kunotangwa kana paine kutyora gap. Kuti unzwisise kuti zviratidzo ndezvipi uye kuti gaka risiri ringatungamira kupi, zvakakodzera kunzwisisa nguva ino zvakadzama. Chiratidzo chikuru cheiyo isiriyo nguva yekumisikidzwa kwemaitiro kuvepo kwesimbi inogogodza munzvimbo yehumburumbira. Pakutanga, kugogodza uku kunoonekwa chete mune imwe yeinjini yekushandisa modes, semuenzaniso, pakusaita, asi sezvo mota inoshandiswa, ichaonekwa mune ese modes.
Iyo gap inogona kusiyanisa zvese kumusoro uye pasi kubva kune yezita kukosha. Chero zvazvingaitika, parameter isina kururama ichakanganisa kuderedzwa kwesimba rejini. Muchiitiko chekucheneswa kwakaderedzwa, vheji ichamanikidzwa ne rocker, izvo zvinozoita kuti kutyora kwekusimba mu cylinder uye kuderera kwekumanikidza. Somugumisiro, kupisa kumucheto wekushanda kwevhavha uye chigaro chayo zvinogoneka.
Nekuwedzerwa gap, kuyerera kwemusanganiswa wemafuta nemhepo mukati mekamuri yekupisa kunoderera nekuda kwekupfupika kwevhavha nguva yekuvhura. Mukuwedzera, magasi achabudiswa muhuwandu husina kukwana. Kungoitira kuti udzivise manuances akanyorwa pane "mashanu", kugadziridzwa kwevharuvhu kunodiwa yega 15-20 zviuru zvemakiromita. run.
Maturusi ekugadzirisa
Imwe yemamiriro ekugadzirisa kwakakodzera kwevhavha ndiko kuwanikwa kwezvishandiso zvinodiwa uye ruzivo rwekutevedzana kwezviito. Kubva pane zvishandiso iwe uchafanirwa kugadzirira inotevera runyorwa:
- kiyi yakakosha yekutenderedza crankshaft;
- vhura-kumagumo uye zvigadziko zvipanera (ye8, 10, 13, 17);
- flat screwdriver;
- probe nehupamhi hwe 0,15 mm.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa anoitwa neakakosha yakafara probe, iyo inoshandiswa kune iyo nzira iri mubvunzo.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa
Usati wagadziriswa, zvinodikanwa kuputsa zvimwe zvinhu, zvinoti mhepo sefa uye imba yayo, tambo yekuyamwa kubva kune carburetor, throttle rod, uye chivharo chevhavha. Zvingave zvinobatsira kubvisa chivharo kubva kune ignition distributor kuitira kuti pasave nekuvhiringidza nekugadzirisa. Pakutanga, zvinodikanwa kuseta injini mashandiro nemamaki: pane mamakisi pane crankshaft pulley uye pavhavha yenguva yekumberi. Isu tinoisa chiratidzo pane pulley yakatarisana nehurefu hwenjodzi pachivharo.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mavharuvhu anodzorwa mune imwe kutevedzana. Iyi ndiyo chete nzira yekunyatsogadzirisa iyo nguva yekumisikidza.
Iyo yekugadzirisa maitiro ine anotevera matanho:
- Mushure mekunge nzvimbo ye crankshaft yaiswa maererano nemaki, tinotarisa kucheneswa neanonzwa gauge pa6th uye 8th camshaft cams. Kuti uite izvi, isa chishandiso pakati pe rocker uye camshaft cam. Kana probe ikapinda nekuedza kushoma, hapana kugadzirisa kunodiwa.
Kuti uongorore kupisa kwekupisa kwemavharuvhu, isa probe pakati pe rocker necamshaft cam. - Kugadziriswa kunodiwa kana probe yakaoma kupinda kana kusununguka zvakanyanya. Isu tinoita maitiro nemakiyi 13 uye 17. Kutanga tinobata musoro webhaudhi, neyechipiri isu tinosunungura zvishoma kukiya nut. Zvadaro tinoisa probe uye, nekutenderera bhoti, sarudza nzvimbo yaunoda. Mushure mekuputira nati uye kuita chiyero chekutonga.Kuti tigadzirise gomba, tinoshandisa makiyi e13 uye 17. Bata bhoti kutanga, sunungura lock nut nechechipiri. Nekutenderedza bhaudhi tinowana kubvumidzwa kwaunoda
- Isu tinoyera uye tinogadzirisa kucheneswa pane mavharuvhu akasara mukutevedzana kwakafanana. Kuti uite izvi, tenderedza crankshaft 180˚ uye gadzirisa mavharuvhu 4 uye 7.
- Isu tinoshandura crankshaft imwe hafu yekutendeuka kugadzirisa 1 uye 3 mavharuvhu.Nekiyi yakakosha, shandura crankshaft imwe hafu yekutendeuka kugadzirisa 1 uye 3 mavharuvhu
- Pakupera kwekuita, tinogadzirisa kujekesa pa 2 uye 5 mavharuvhu.
Iyo nzira yekugadzirisa haina kunyanya kuoma sezvo inoda kutarisisa, kurongeka uye kurongeka. Paunenge uchitenderedza crankshaft, zvakakosha kurongedza zvakajeka mamaki. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani maitiro, tafura inopiwa kubva iyo inova pachena kuti ndeipi valve uye panzvimbo ipi ye crankshaft inofanira kugadziriswa.
Tafura: kugadzirisa kupisa kubvumidzwa kwemavharuvhu VAZ 2105
| Angle yekutenderera crankshaft (gr) | Angle yekutenderera camshaft (gr) | Cylinder nhamba | Chinogadziriswa vharuvhu nhamba |
| 0 | 0 | 4 uye 3 | 8 uye 6 |
| 180 | 90 | 2 uye 4 | 4 uye 7 |
| 360 | 180 | 1 uye 2 | 1 uye 3 |
| 540 | 270 | 3 uye 1 | 5 uye 2 |
Mushure mechiitiko ichi, tinounganidza zvinhu zvakabviswa munhevedzano yakarongeka.
Vhidhiyo: gadziriso yevharuvhu pamuenzaniso weVAZ 2105 ine bhandi drive
Clearance values
Munguva yekushanda kwejini, kupisa uye kuwedzera kwezvikamu zvayo kunoitika. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwevhavha, gap rinopisa rinodiwa, iro paVAZ 2101/07 motokari inofanira kuva 0,15 mm, iyo inofananidzwa nechiyero cheprobe inoshandiswa kugadzirisa.
Valve stem seals
Mavharuvhu stem seals, anonziwo mavharuvhu seals, anonyanya kudzivirira oiri kupinda mukamuri yekupisa injini. Kufanana nezvimwe zvikamu zvesimba remagetsi, zvivharo zvinopera nekufamba kwenguva, izvo zvinokanganisa kuderedzwa kwekushanda kwavo. Nekuda kwekupfeka, zvisimbiso zvinotanga kubuda mafuta. Izvi zvinotungamira kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta uye mamwe matambudziko akajairika.
Chii chinonzi valve seal?
Iyo nguva yekushandisa inoshandisa marudzi maviri emavharuvhu: kutora uye kupera. Pamusoro pehunde yevharuvhu inogara ichisangana necamshaft, izvo zvinoita kuti mafuta einjini aite mhute. Rutivi rwekumashure rwevhavha yekudyara iri munzvimbo ine kumiswa kwemadonhwe emafuta, uye chinhu chekupedza chiri munzvimbo yemhepo inopisa.
Iyo camshaft haigone kushanda pasina kugara uchipihwa mafuta. Zvisinei, kupinda mafuta mukati mehumburumbira inzira isingadikanwi. Kungoitira kudzivirira kupinda kwemafuta mukamuri rinopisa, mavharuvhu stem seals akagadzirwa. Iyo dhizaini yebhokisi yekuputira ndeyekuti nerubatsiro rwayo, panguva yekudzoka kwekufamba kwevhavha, mafuta anobviswa kubva pachitsiko.
Chii chekuisa zvisimbiso zvevharuvhu paVAZ 2105
Kana zvakakosha kutsiva zvisimbiso zvevhavha pa "shanu", mubvunzo wakabatana unomuka - ndeapi mavhavha ekusarudza kuitira kuti agare kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira? Zvichienderana neruzivo rwevatyairi vazhinji, vagadziri vakaita saElring, Victor Reinz naCorteco vanofanirwa kusarudzwa.
Chii chinoita kuti mafuta seal apfeke
Kuti unzwisise zvinogona kuitika zvekushandisa injini ine zvisimbiso zvevhavha yakasakara, zvakakosha kufunga nezvezviratidzo zvekukundikana kwavo. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti ufunge nezve chokwadi chekuti zvivharo zvave zvisingagoneki uye zvinoda kutsiviwa mune zvinotevera zviitiko:
- grey utsi paunotanga injini, uye sezvainodziya, inonyangarika;
- soot pa spark plugs;
- kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta.
Chiratidzo chekutanga chinoratidza kuti chivharo chakasakara chinotendera mafuta kusvika kune inotonhora, uye mushure mekunge injini yadziya semugumisiro wekuwedzera, chikamu chinokwanisa kuita mabasa ayo. Kuonekwa kwesoti kunogona kusanganiswa kwete chete nevharuvhu zvisimbiso, saka iwe uchafanirwa kuita injini diagnostics kuti uone chaizvo dambudziko. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti avhareji upenyu sevhisi cuffs anenge 70-80 zviuru makiromita. Kana mushure mekumhanya kwakadaro kune zviratidzo zvekupfeka uye kubvarura, ipapo mukana wekuti dambudziko riri mavari rinowedzera.
Vamwe varidzi vemotokari havabatanidzi kukosha kwakanyanya kune zviratidzo zvekusashanda kwezvinhu zvekuisa chisimbiso, uye chaizvoizvo pasina. Pasinei nokuti motokari ichiri kutyaira uye hapana matambudziko anooneka, matambudziko makuru ejini anogona kuitika mune ramangwana. Tora zvishoma kushandisa mafuta. Nekuwedzera kwayo, "nzara yemafuta" yemotokari inooneka, iyo inotungamirira pakupfeka nguva isati yasvika yezvikamu, mushure mezvo kugadziriswa kukuru kunodiwa. Mukuwedzera, mafuta emota haana kudhura zvakanyanya. Kana iwe uchida kugara uchiwedzera mafuta, saka izvi hazvizoratidzike mubhajeti nenzira yakanaka.
Nekupindira kwemafuta nguva dzose muimba yekupisa, makenduru anokundikana nguva isati yakwana, iyo inokanganisa kushanda kwechikwata chemagetsi. Mukuwedzera, carbon deposits inoumba kwete chete pamakenduru, asiwo pamavharuvhu, pistons, uye cylinder masvingo. Chii chinotyisidzira? Dambudziko rinonyanya kuitika ndiro mavharuvhu akatsva. Kubva pane izvi tinogona kugumisa kuti kupfeka kwemacuffs kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba uye mari yakawanda yemari. Nokudaro, kana zviratidzo zvekupfeka zvinowanikwa pazvisimbiso, usanonoka kuzvitsiva.
Maitiro ekuchinja mavharuvhu stem seals paVAZ 2105
Kutsiva zvivharo hazvibviri pasina chishandiso chakakodzera, saka iwe unofanirwa kutarisira kugadzirira kwayo. Kuti tiite iyi nzira, tinoda:
- vharafu desiccant;
- chivharo kubvisa mudziyo;
- tweezers, refu mhino pliers kana magnetic handle;
- tsvimbo yesimbi yakapfava.
Kutanga iwe unoda kuita basa rekugadzirira, iro rinopisa kusvika pakubvisa zvinhu zvose zvinokanganisa nekutsiviwa kwezvivharo. Zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira sefa yemhepo pamwe chete neimba, chivharo chevharuvhu, tambo yekukweva uye kusundirwa kubva kune gasi pedal kuenda kune carburetor. Imwe nzira yekutsiva ine matanho anotevera:
- Isu tinoisa crankshaft kune chinzvimbo umo macylinders 1 uye 4 achange ari paTDC.Isu tinoisa crankshaft panzvimbo iyo masilinda 1 uye 4 achange ari paTDC: mucherechedzo uri papulley unofanirwa kutarisana nehurefu hwenjodzi pachivharo chenguva.
- Sunungura camshaft gear bolt.Isu tinokotama kumucheto kwekiyi washer yecamshaft sprocket bolt, mushure mezvo tinosunungura zvisungo.
- Isu tinosunungura kusungirirwa kweketani tensioner, kusunungura ketani uye simbisa nut.Uchishandisa 13 wrench, sunungura cheni inosunga tensioner cap nut. Kudzoreredza blade inokwira pakatarisana neshangu inosimbisa, isu tinosvina tsvimbo yetensioner toigadzirisa nekusimbisa cap nut.
- Isu tinosunungura bhoti kuchengetedza camshaft gear uye kuibvisa. Kuti udzivise ketani kuti irege kudonha, waya inogona kushandiswa kuigadzirisa.Isu tinobvisa sprocket pamwe chete neketani yecamshaft uye tinoiisa mumusoro we block. Kudzivirira ketani kubva pakusvetuka, tinoisungira kune asterisk
- Isu tinosunungura zvisungo zveimba inotakura uye tinobvisa gungano kubva kumusoro weblock.Uchishandisa kiyi gumi nenhatu, sunungura nzungu pfumbamwe uchichengetedza imba ine camshaft.
- Isu tinosunungura kenduru yehumburumbira yekutanga uye tinoisa bhari yezvinhu zvinyoro mugomba kuti tibate vharuvhu.Pakati pepiston neplate yevhavha (yatinoshandura chivharo), tinoisa simbi yakapfava ine dhayamita inenge 8 mm. Muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, unogona kushandisa screwdriver
- Kudzvinyirira chitubu, tinoshandisa cracker, uye nerubatsiro rwemhino refu-mhino kana tweezers, tinotora mavharuvhu crackers. Kuti zvive nyore, unogona kushandisa magineti.Isu tinodzvanya zvitubu zvevharuvhu ne cracker uye tinobvisa crackers nema tweezers
- Bvisa ndiro yepamusoro, zvitubu uye mawashi ekutsigira.Bvisa ndiro yepamusoro, zvitubu uye washers ekutsigira kubva pahunde yevharuvhu
- Tinoisa cap remover pavhavha uye kubvisa gland.Iwe unogona kubvisa chivharo ne screwdriver kana chinhu chakakosha.
- Kuisa cuff nyowani, tinofanoinyorovesa negirisi yeinjini uye tinoshandisa chinodhonza kuti tiiise pahunde hwevharuvhu.Zora mupendero wekushanda wevhavha itsva nemafuta ejini woiisa pahunde yevharuvhu
- Tinodzokorora nzira imwechete nevhavha yechina.
- Tashandura crankshaft hafu yekutendeuka, tinoomesa mavharuvhu 2 ne3. Isu tinotsiva zvisimbiso nenzira imwechete.
- Kushandura crankshaft 180˚, uyezve imwe hafu yekutendeuka, tinotsiva zvivharo pamavharuvhu anoenderana.
Mushure mekuisa zvisimbiso zvese, tinounganidza michina mune reverse order. Tisati taisa camshaft panzvimbo, nekutenderera crankshaft, tinoisa slider slider panzvimbo iyo yakabviswa. Mushure megungano, inoramba ichigadzirisa kubviswa kwekushisa kwemavhavha.
Vhidhiyo: kutsiva mafuta caps pane yekare VAZ modhi
Chivharo chevhavha
Varidzi veVAZ 2105, kufanana nedzimwe mhando dzekare, vanowanzotarisana nechinetso cheinjini yemafuta. Mamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi anogona kuzviratidza ese ari maviri muchimiro chediki uye chakakosha smudges, iyo inoratidza kukundikana kwevhavhavhavha yevhavha gasket. Kutsiva chisimbiso harisi basa rakaoma uye rinoda kushomeka kwekuedza uye maturusi, akadai se:
- flat screwdriver;
- 10 wrench;
- 10 ratchet.
Kutsiva vharafu yevhavha gasket paVAZ 2105
Basa rekutsiva chisimbiso chevhavha yevhavha pa "shanu" rinoitwa nenzira inotevera:
- Kuti tisununguke kusvika kune chivharo, tinobvisa firiji yemhepo uye imba, iyo yakabatanidzwa kune carburetor.Kuti uwane ruzivo rwevhavha yevhavha, iwe uchada kubvisa mhepo sefa uye imba yayo
- Bvisa hose ye crankcase exhaust nekusunungura chisungo.
- Bvisa iyo carburetor throttle drive tsvimbo uye yekukweva tambo.Ne screwdriver yakaonda tinopuruzira uye kubvisa chitubu clip, bvisa tsvimbo kubva kune throttle drive shaft
- Isu tinosunungura nuts kuchengetedza chivharo chevhavha nekiyi 10. Kuti zvive nyore, unogona kushandisa ratchet nemusoro wechiyero chakakodzera.Uchishandisa kiyi gumi, sunungura nzungu sere uchichengetedza humburumbira kavha yemusoro
- Mushure mokusunungura zvisungo, bvisa mawashi uye bvisa chifukidzo kubva pamakumbo pane imwe kona.Chivharo chevhavha chinofanira kubviswa kubva pamakumbo pane imwe kona
- Kana chivharo chikabviswa, bvisa gasket yekare uye pukuta zvigaro pamusoro wecylinder uye chifukidzo pachayo nemucheka wakachena. Zvadaro tinoisa chisimbiso chitsva pamakumbo.Tinobvisa gasket yekare, kupukuta zvigaro pamusoro uye kuvhara, kuisa chisimbiso chitsva
- Isu tinoisa chivharo uye zvese zvinhu mune reverse order.
Valve chivharo chinosimbisa kurongeka
Kuti udzivise kukanganisa paunenge uchiisa chivharo chevhavha, makungu anofanira kusimbiswa mune imwe nzira, sezvinogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo uri pasi apa.
Kuonekwa kwehupi husina kunaka kana kunyange zviratidzo zvavo zvine chokuita nekupfeka kwevhavha yevhavha kana mavharuvhu pachawo haafaniri kuregererwa. Kana iwe ukatsiva chikamu chakakundikana kana kuita zvigadziriso zvinodiwa panguva yakakodzera, unogona kudzivirira inodhura kugadzirisa injini. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti utarise mamiriro ehunyanzvi eiyo simba remagetsi uye kuita inodiwa kuchengetedza zvinoenderana nemugadziri anorudziro.
