Manufacturers competition
Chiitiko chekugadzira muATR consortium yaive risiti yerudzi rwechitupa uye kuendesa kwekutanga kutakura zvinhu ATR 72-600F. Ndege yakarairwa neFedEx Express, makumi matatu uye makumi maviri sarudzo.
Embraer, Comac, Bombardier/de Havilland, ATR naSukhoi vakaendesa ndege zana nemakumi maviri dzenharaunda kumakambani endege gore rapfuura. 120% pasi pegore rapfuura. Mhedzisiro yakawanikwa yaive pakati pezvakaipisisa mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura nekuda kweCCIDID-48 uye kudzikira kwakanyanya kwekufambiswa kwemhepo uye kudiwa kwendege nyowani. Embraer yeBrazil inoramba iri iyo inotungamira kugadzira, ichipa makumi mana nemana E-Jets (-19%). Chinese Comac (44 ARJ51-24) yakanyora kuwedzera kwakapetwa kaviri mukugadzirwa, nepo ATR yakatambura kuderera kwe21. Uye zvakare, iyo Chinese Xian MA700 turboprop yaive pasi pekuvaka prototype, uye chirongwa cheMitsubishi SpaceJet chakambomiswa.
Nzira dzedunhu dzinotora chikamu chakakosha mumusika wepasi rose wekufambisa kwemhepo. Ndege dzine huwandu hwezvigaro gumi nemaviri zvinonyanya kushanda, izvo zvinonyanya kufarirwa ndezviya zvejeti: Embraery E-Jets uye ERJ, Bombardiery CRJ, Suchoj Superjet SSJ100 uye turboprops: ATR 42/72, Bombardiery Dash Q, SAAB 340 uye de. Havilland Twin. Otter.
Gore rakapera, ndege dzakashandisa 8000 nharaunda jets, inomiririra 27% yezvikepe zvepasi. Huwandu hwavo hwachinja zvine simba, zvichiratidza kukanganisa kweiyo coronavirus pabasa revatakuri (kubva pamakumi maviri kusvika makumi masere muzana endege dzakabviswa). Muna Nyamavhuvhu, Bombardier CRJ20/80/700 (9%) uye Embraery E-Jets (10%) yakanga ine yakaderera muzana yendege dzakamiswa, nepo CRJ29/31 (100%) yaive nepamusoro.
Makwikwi uye kubatanidzwa muindasitiri yezvendege zvakonzera kuti vagadziri vendege vakati wandei vari kushanda pamusika. Mukurusa wavo ndeyeBrazilian Embraer, Chinese Comac, Franco-Italian ATR, Russian Sukhoi, Canadian de Havilland uye Japanese Mitsubishi, uye nguva ichangopfuura Russian Ilyushin ine Il-114-300.
Embraer yakagadzira 44 E-Jets, mazhinji acho ari E175s (32 units). Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza iyo E175 mumavara eAmerican mudunhu anotakura American Eagle.
Zviitwa zvevagadziri muna 2020
Gore rakapera, vagadziri vakaendesa 120 yedunhu kutaurirana ndege kune vatakuri, kusanganisira: Embraer - 44 (37% musika mugove), Comac - 24 (20%), Bombardier/Mitsubishi - 17, Suchoj - 14, de Havilland - 11 uye ATR - 10 Izvi zvakaenzana ne109 zvishoma kudarika mugore rapfuura (229) uye 121 zvishoma kudarika muna 2018. Ndege dzakaendeswa dzaive dzemazuva ano uye dzakatipoteredza michina uye yakazara 11,5 zviuru. zvigaro zvevatakuri (one-class layout).
Iyo 2020 yekugadzira data yakaburitswa nezvidyarwa yakaratidza kuti COVID-19 denda rakakanganisa sei mhedzisiro yavo. Vakazove vakaipisisa mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura, ayo akabatana nekuderera kwakanyanya kwekudiwa kwekufamba nendege uye kuderedzwa kwakabatana muhuwandu hwemirairo yendege itsva. Kuenzaniswa negore rapfuura, yakakura, 6,8 nguva, kuderera kwekugadzirwa kwakanyorwa neFrench-Italian label ATR (Avions de Transport Régional), uye Brazilian Embraer (Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica SA) - ne2 nguva. Comac chete (Commercial Aircraft Corporation yeChina) yakashuma mhedzisiro yakanaka, ichiendesa kaviri ndege dzakawanda kune vanotakura. Paunenge uchiongorora mashandiro eBombardier, zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kuti nekutengeswa kwechirongwa cheCRJ ndege kuMitsubishi, mugadziri weCanada akafunga kusagamuchira maodha matsva, uye zviitiko zvaro zvese gore rapfuura zvakatarisana nekuzadzisa zvisungo zvakapfuura.
Mukuwedzera, ndege yekutanga yakaitwa neRussia Il-114-300 turboprop, uye Chinese Xian MA700 yakanga iri padanho rekuedzwa kwe static uye kuvakwa kweprototype yekuedzwa kwendege. Nekudaro, iyo pre-series Mitsubishi SpaceJet (yaimbova MRJ) yakaenderera mberi bvunzo dzechitupa kwemwedzi mishoma chete, sezvo kuitwa kwechirongwa chese kwakamiswa kwenguva kubva Gumiguru. Kwegore rechipiri rakateerana, iyo Antonov An-148 haina kugadzirwa, kunyanya nekuda kwekuderera kwehukama hwehupfumi hweUkraine-Russian (ndege yakagadzirwa mukubatana kwepedyo neAviat chirimwa muKyiv neRussia VASO).
44 Embraer ndege
Brazilian Embraer ndiyo yechitatu yakakura kugadzira ndege dzekutaurirana munyika. Yange iri mumusika wendege kubva muna 1969 uye yakaunza mayunitsi 8000 10. Paavhareji, masekonzi gumi ega ega, ndege yeEmbraer inosimuka kune imwe nzvimbo pasi rose, inotakura vanopfuura mamirioni zana nemakumi mana nemashanu pagore. Gore rakapera, Embraer akapa 145 ndege dzekukurukurirana kune vashandi, iyo yakapetwa kaviri pasi pegore rapfuura (44). Pakati pemotokari dzakagadzirwa dzaive: 89 E32, 175 E7-E195, 2 E4-E190 uye imwe E2.
Embraers 175 (32 mauniti) akaunzwa kuAmerican mudunhu vatakuri: United Express (16 mayuniti), American Eagle (9), Delta Connection (6) uye imwe yeBelarusian Belavia. Ndege dzeAmerican Eagle, Delta Connection neBelarus mitsara dzakagadzirirwa kutakura 76 vafambi mune maviri-class configuration (12 mubhizinesi uye 64 muhupfumi), nepo United Express inotora 70 vafambi. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kazhinji ndege yairairwa nevakuru vekuUS vanoshanda United Airlines (16) neAmerican Airlines (8), yakanangana nevatakuri vepasi vanoendesa vafambi kunzvimbo dzavo.
Akagamuchira imwe Embraer 190 aive French redunhu mutsara HOP! Airline subsidiary yeAir France. Yakanga yakarairwa mune imwe-kirasi configuration ye100 ehupfumi class zvigaro. Kune rimwe divi, ndege ina dzechizvarwa chitsva Embraer 190-E2 dzakapihwa kuSwitzerland Helvetic Airways. Kufanana nevamwe vese vanotakura uyu, ivo vanochinjirwa kutakura 110 vafambi muzvigaro zvekirasi yehupfumi.
Nhamba huru, ndege nomwe, dzakagadzirwa muE195-E2 version. Vatanhatu vavo vakambobvumirwa neIrish Leasing company AerCap yeBrazil yakaderera Azul Linhas Aéreas (5) uye Belarusian Belavia. Ndege dzeBrazilian airlines dzakagadzirirwa kutakura vatakuri ve136 mune imwe-kirasi configuration, nepo Belarusian maviri-kirasi ndege dzakagadzirirwa kutakura 124 vafambi. Imwe E195-E2 (pa13 yakarairwa) yakagadzirirwa kuNigerian Air Peace pakupera kwegore. African Line ndiye wekutanga opareta kuunza hunyanzvi, hunodaidzwa. dhizaini yakadzama yekuronga zvigaro zvekirasi yebhizinesi. Iyo ndege inogadziriswa mune maviri-kirasi dhizaini kune 124 vafambi (12 mubhizinesi uye 112 muhupfumi). Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kuita kweiyo yazvino E195-E2 iri nani pane yekare E195 modhi. Mari yekuchengetedza i20% yakaderera (nguva dzekutanga dzekuongorora i10-25 maawa) uye kushandiswa kwemafuta pamutakuri kune 1900% kuderera. Izvi zvainyanya kukonzerwa nemagetsi ekugadzira simba (Pratt & Whitney PWXNUMXG akatevedzana enjini ane dhigirii repamusoro remapatya-kuyerera simba), aerodynamically epamusoro mapapiro (winglets akatsiviwa nemapapiro), pamwe neavionics matsva masisitimu.
