Kusashanda uye kutsiva hub uye axle shaft paVAZ 2106

Kuti motokari ishande yakachengeteka, mavhiri ayo anofanira kutenderera pasina matambudziko. Kana vakaonekwa, ipapo nekutonga kwemotokari kune nuances inogona kutungamirira kunjodzi. Naizvozvo, mamiriro ehubs, axle shafts uye mabearings avo anofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva, uye kana matambudziko akaitika, anofanirwa kubviswa nenguva.

Front hub VAZ 2106

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvechasisi yeVAZ 2106 ndiyo hubhu. Kuburikidza nechikamu ichi, gumbo rinogona kutenderedzwa. Kuti uite izvi, rimu rinoputirwa pahubhu, uye kutenderera pachayo kunoitwa nekuda kweiyo mavhiri emavhiri. Mabasa makuru anopihwa hub ndeaya:

• kubatanidzwa kwevhiri dhisiki nechekutungamirira;
• kuve nechokwadi chekumira kwemhando yepamusoro kwemota, sezvo bhureki disc yakagadzikwa pahubhu.

Kuti uzive kuti hub malfunctions inozviratidza sei, pamwe nekugadzirisa, unofanirwa kujairana nemudziyo wechinhu ichi. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti chikamu chakagadzirirwa kuita mabasa akaomarara, chiumbwa chakareruka. Zvikamu zvikuru zvehubhu ndiyo dzimba nemabhengi. Muviri wechikamu wakakandwa, wakagadzirwa nealoy yakasimba uye inogadziriswa pakushandura michina. Iyo hub inokundikana kashoma. Iko kusashanda kukuru kwechigadzirwa ndiko kusimudzira kwekunze kubereka mijaho panzvimbo dzekuisa.

Iyo hubhu inopa kutsanya uye kutenderera kwevhiri repamberi

Yakatenderedzwa chibhakera

Chinhu chakakosha zvakaenzana chechasi ye "chitanhatu" ndiyo knuckle yekutungamirira. Simba rinopfuudzwa kwariri kubva kune inotungamira trapezoid kuburikidza nerevheti, semhedzisiro iyo mavhiri emberi axle anotenderedzwa. Mukuwedzera, mabheji ebhora (kumusoro uye pasi) akabatanidzwa kumusangano kuburikidza nemakumbo anoenderana. Kuseri kwegumbo rekufambisa kune axle panoiswa hubhu ine mabearings. Iyo hub element inogadziriswa pane axle ine nati. Ruboshwe rworuboshwe runoshandisa nzungu yerudyi, trunnion yekurudyi inoshandisa nzungu yeruboshwe.. Izvi zvakaitwa kuitira kuti tisabatanidze kuomeswa kwemabheya pakufamba uye kudzivirira kuwandisa kwavo uye kudhumhana.

Rimwe basa remubato wekufambisa nderokudzikamisa kutenderera kwemavhiri, nepo chikamu chinozorora pakatarisana nemarevhisi ane zvakakosha protrusions.

Kuburikidza nechibhakera chinotenderedzwa cherutsigiro rwe nave uye denderedzwa chinopihwa

Kukanganisa

Iyo sosi yeinotungamira knuckle haina muganho, kana iwe usingafungi nezvemhando yemigwagwa uye kuregeredza kwekugadzirisa mavhiri mavhiri. Dzimwe nguva chigadzirwa chinogona kukwira kusvika 200 zviuru zvemakiromita. Chikamu chacho chakagadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa uye inokwanisa kumira mitoro inorema. Zvisinei, kana ikakundikana, saka varidzi veZhiguli vanowanzoshandura iyo pamwe chete nemabheya uye hubhu. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kune chidhiraivho knuckle kana zvinotevera zviratidzo zvikaonekwa:

• motokari yakatanga kutsaukira kumativi, uye dambudziko harina kubviswa nekugadzirisa kurongeka;
• zvakaonekwa kuti kupera kwemavhiri kwakava nekona diki. Chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri matambudziko kune ese ari maviri knuckle yekutungamirira uye bhora rekubatana;
• kuparara kwevhiri. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekuputsika kwechikamu che threaded knuckle yekutungamirira kana bhora rekubatanidza pini, izvo zvinoitika kakawanda paZhiguli;
• unregulated backlash. Kana mavhiri emavhiri akagadziridzwa kunze kwenguva kana zvisizvo, ipapo munzvimbo dzekuisa kwavo axis yegumbo rekutungamirira ichapera zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuonekwa kwekutamba, izvo zvisingagoni kubviswa nekugadzirisa.

Dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti panguva yekugadzira motokari kuputika kuduku kunowanikwa pachitsiko chekutungamirira. Vamwe vatyairi vanorayirwa kuti vagadzirise dambudziko racho kuburikidza newelding. Zvisinei, inofanira kurangarirwa kuti kuchengeteka zvakananga kunoenderana nemamiriro ekutungamirira knuckle. Naizvozvo, zvinhu zvakadaro hazvifanirwe kugadziriswa, asi zvinotsiviwa nezvinozivikanwa-zvakanaka kana zvitsva.

Kana iyo knuckle yekutungamirira yakakuvadzwa, chikamu chinofanira kuchinjwa

Nzira yekuwedzera sei mavhiri

Varidzi vazhinji veVAZ 2106 uye mamwe "classics" vanofarira nyaya yekuwedzera eversion yemavhiri, sezvo modhi iri mubvunzo ine yakakura kutendeuka radius, iyo iri kure nekugara iri nyore. Avo vari kuita zvakakomba mukugadzirisa mota yavo vanongoisa seti yekumisa zvinhu (levers, bipod) ine yakachinja paramita. Zvisinei, seti dzakadaro kune mumwewo muridzi weVAZ "nhanhatu" dzinogona kunge dzisingakwanisi, nokuti nekuda kwekunakidzwa kwakadaro iwe unofanira kubhadhara anenge 6-8 zviuru zveRubles. Naizvozvo, dzimwe sarudzo dzinodhura dziri kufungwa, uye dziripo. Iwe unogona kuwedzera eversion yemavhiri sezvinotevera:

1. Isu tinoisa mota pagomba uye tinobvisa bipod yakaiswa mukati mehubhu.
2. Sezvo mabhiipodhi ane hurefu hwakasiyana, tinocheka chikamu chakareba muhafu, bvisa chikamu, uye wozochigadzirisa zvakare.
   

   Kuti uite eversion yemavhiri makuru, zvinodikanwa kupfupisa ruoko rwekutungamirira
3. Tinoisa zvikamu panzvimbo.
   

   Kana iyo bipod yakapfupikiswa, isa iwo pamota
4. Isu tinotema zvigadziriso pamakumbo ezasi.
   

   Zvivhariso zvinoda kugurwa pamaoko ekudzora pasi.

Iyo yakatsanangurwa maitiro inokubvumira kuti uwedzere eversion yemavhiri neinenge chetatu, kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa chinzvimbo.

Mushure mekuisa mabipods matsva, iyo eversion yemavhiri inowedzera neinenge chetatu

Front wheel bearing

Chinangwa chikuru chekutakura mavhiri ndechekuona kutenderera kwakafanana kwemavhiri. Imwe neimwe hubhu inoshandisa maviri-single-row roller bearings.

Tafura: vhiri kutakura parameters VAZ 2106

Hub inobereka	parameters
	dhayamita yemukati, mm	dhayamita rekunze, mm	hupamhi, mm
zvekunze	19.06	45.25	15.49
zvemukati	26	57.15	17.46

Hub mabheji anomhanya anenge 40-50 zviuru zvemakiromita. Panguva yekuiswa kwezvikamu zvitsva, ivo vanozorwa kwehupenyu hwese hwesevhisi.

Kukanganisa

Kutyoka vhiri remavhiri kunogona kukonzera tsaona. Naizvozvo, mamiriro avo anofanirwa kutariswa nguva nenguva uye ruzha rwekunze uye hunhu husina mwero hwemuchina hunofanirwa kupindurwa panguva yakakodzera. Kana mutambo ukaonekwa, zvinhu zvinoda kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvinoratidza matambudziko nemavhiri mavhiri ndeaya:

1. Crunch. Pamusana pekuparadzwa kwekuparadzanisa, ma rollers mukati memudziyo anoputika zvisina kufanana, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuonekwa kwesimbi yesimbi. Chikamu chinofanira kutsiviwa.
2. Vibration. Nekupfeka kwakakura kwekutakura, vibrations inofambiswa zvese kumuviri uye kune chidhiraivho. Nekuda kwekupfeka kwakanyanya, chigadzirwa chinogona jam.
3. Kudhonzera mota padivi. Iko kusashanda kwakafanana nekugadzirisa kusina kunaka kwekugadzirisa, iyo inokonzerwa nemuchato wekutakura.

Nzira yekutarisa kutakura

Kana paine fungidziro yekuti vhiri rinotakura kune rimwe mativi emota yako rakashata, unofanirwa kuita anotevera matanho kuti utarise kushanda kwaro:

1. Simudza vhiri remberi.
2. Tinoisa kusimbiswa pasi pechitsiko chezasi, semuenzaniso, chigadziko, mushure mezvo tinoderedza jack.
3. Isu tinotora gumbo nemaoko maviri muzvikamu zvepamusoro uye nechepasi uye edza kuzviisa kune isu uye kure nesu. Kana chikamu chacho chiri mumamiriro akanaka, saka hapafaniri kuva nekugogodza uye kutamba.
   

   Kuti utarise kubereka kunofanirwa kurembera uye kuzunungusa vhiri repamberi
4. Tinotenderedza gumbo. Bearing rakatyoka rinozvipa kure nehunhu kurira, hum kana mamwe manzwi ekunze.

Vhidhiyo: kutarisa vhiri rinotakura pa "nhanhatu"

Nzira yekutarisa sei hub inobereka VAZ-2101-2107.

Maitiro ekugadzirisa

Kana kuwedzerwa kwekuregererwa kwakawanikwa mumabheya, zvinoda kugadziriswa. Kubva pane zvishandiso zvaunoda:

• jack;
• chisisi;
• torque chipanera;
• musoro 27;
• nyundo.

Kutevedzana kwezviito zvekugadzirisa ndekunotevera:

1. Simudza kumberi kwemota uye bvisa vhiri.
2. Tichishandisa nyundo uye chisel, tinogogodza pasi chivharo chekushongedza kubva kuhubhu.
   

   Tinogogodza pasi chivharo chekudzivirira ne screwdriver kana chisel uye bvisa
3. Tinoisa gumbo panzvimbo, tichirigadzirisa nemabhoti maviri.
4. Isu tinosimbisa hub nut nechinguva che 2 kgf.m.
   

   Isu tinosimbisa hub nut nechinguva che 2 kgf.m
5. Tenderedza vhiri kuruboshwe uye kurudyi kakawanda kuti uzvigadzirise wega mabheya.
6. Isu tinosunungura hub nut, tichizunungusa gumbo, tichidzokorora danho rechitatu rekutarisa mabheya. Iwe unofanirwa kuwana isinganyatso kuoneka backlash.
7. Isu tinomisa nut ne chisel, tichiputira mitsipa mumakororo pa trunnion axis.
   

   Kukiya nati, isu tinoshandisa chisel nenyundo, tichirovera mitsipa mumitsipa pane axis.

Inokurudzirwa kutsiva hub nut nehutsva panguva yekugadziriswa kwekutakura, sezvo fasteners inogona kuwira munzvimbo imwechete uye hazvizogoneki kuivhara kubva pakutendeuka.

Kutsiva kubereka

Munguva yekushanda kwemabhengi, cage, rollers uye macaji pachawo anopera, saka chikamu chinofanira kungotsiviwa. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unozoda iyo yakafanana runyorwa rwezvishandiso sekunge uchigadzirisa clearance mumabhengi, uye iwe zvakare unofanirwa kugadzirira:

• kiyi ye12 ne27;
• ndebvu;
• musoro 17;
• crank;
• flat screwdriver;
• mafuta Litol-24.

Isu tinoita basa seinotevera:

1. Simudza kumberi kwemota uye bvisa vhiri.
2. Isu tinobvisa mabhureki pads uye caliper. Isu tinogadzirisa iyo yekupedzisira muvhiri niche kudzivirira kukakavara pamabhureki hoses.
   

   Isu tinobvisa mabhureki mapedhi uye caliper, tichirembera nenzira yekubvisa kushushikana kwepombi dzemabhureki.
3. Isu tinosunungura hub nut, bvisa washer uye chikamu chemukati chekubereka.
   

   Bvisa nzungu, bvisa washer uye hub inotakura
4. Isu tinobvisa hubhu uye bhureki disc kubva kune trunnion axis.
   

   Mushure mekusunungura nati, inoramba ichibvisa hubhu kubva mumotokari
5. Ndinovhura mapini maviri.
   

   Iyo hubhu inosungirirwa kune bhureki disc nemapini maviri, sunungura iwo
6. Kuparadzanisa hubhu uye bhureki disc ine spacer mhete.
   

   Mushure mekusunungura gomo, tinobvisa hub, brake disc uye spacer mhete
7. Tinobvisa mafuta ekare mukati mehubhu nemucheka.
8. Kuti tibvise nhangemutange yekunze yekubereka, tinogadzirisa hubhu mune vice uye tinogogodza mhete nendebvu.
   

   Kutakura matanga anogogodzwa nekushandisa chibooreso
9. Isu tinotora clip.
   

   Kubvisa mhete kubva kuhubhu
10. Isu tinobvisa chisimbiso chemafuta ne flat screwdriver uye toibvisa kubva kuhubhu, tobva tatora kure kure sleeve iri pasi payo.
    

    Pfidza nescrewdriver uye bvisa chisimbiso
11. Kutakura kwakaiswa padivi remukati mehubhu kunobviswa nenzira imwecheteyo.
12. Kuti tiise madzinza ekunze emabhengi matsva, tinoshandisa vise nemakeji akafanana kubva kumabhengi ekare semutungamiri.
    

    Mune yew tinodzvanya mune zvimedu zvemabhengi matsva
13. Kana pasina vice, gasket yesimbi, yakadai sechisel kana nyundo, inogona kushandiswa kupinza zvindori.
    

    Kutakura zvindori zvinogona kudzvanywa mukati nesando
14. Isu tinozadza mafuta eLitol-24 neanenge magiramu makumi mana mukati mehubhu uye mukati memukati wekuparadzanisa.
    

    Isu tinoisa girizi mukati mehubhu uye paberero pachayo
15. Isu tinokwira mukati mekutakura uye spacer mukati mehubhu, mushure mezvo tinoshandisa girisi kuchisimbiso chemafuta uye toidzvanya mukati.
    

    Isu tinodzvanya gland nenyundo kuburikidza neakakodzera spacer
16. Isu tinoisa hubhu papini, tichidzivisa kukuvadzwa kwechisimbiso chemuromo.
17. Isu tinoshandisa girisi uye tinoisa chikamu chemukati chekubereka kwekunze, kuisa washer panzvimbo uye simbisa hub nut.
18. Isu tinogadzirisa kucheneswa mumabhengi uye tinoisa chivharo chekudzivirira, kuchiputira nemafuta.

Vhidhiyo: vhiri rinotakura kutsiva

Kutsiva vhiri rinotakura VAZ

Nzira yekusarudza

Varidzi vekirasi "Zhiguli" nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, asi vanofanira kutarisana nekutsiviwa kwehub bearings uye nyaya yekusarudza mugadziri. Nhasi kune makambani akawanda anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando iyi. Asi zviri nani kupa zvido zvemhando dzakadaro:

• SKF;
• SNR;
• SUBJECT;
• NTN;
• Kudzidza;
• KANA;
• NSK.

Zvigadzirwa zvevagadziri ava zvinoratidzwa nehupamhi hwepamusoro uye zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya.

Mumwe wevagadziri vekunze vanogadzira mavhiri mavhiri iNTN

Kana tikafunga nezvevagadziri vepamba vebearings, saka avo varipowo. YeAvtoVAZ, mabhengi anopiwa ne:

• CJSC LADA Image ndiye mutengesi wepakutanga Lada mavhiri mavhiri mumusika wechipiri;
• SPZ (Saratov Bearing Plant);
• Volzhsky mwero (Volzhsky chirimwa);
• VBF (Vologda Bearing Plant);
• SPZ-9 (Samara chirimwa).

JSC "LADA Image" mutengesi wemavhiri ekutanga mavhiri Lada

Tsigiro

Tichifunga nezve chassis yeVAZ "nhanhatu", iyo brake caliper haigone kusiiwa isina kutariswa. Iyi gungano inosungirirwa pagumbo rekutungamirira, inobata mabhureki pads uye kushanda mabheki masilinda kuburikidza nemakomba akakodzera, slots uye grooves. Pane gomba rakakosha mu caliper ye brake disc. Zvimiro, chigadzirwa chinogadzirwa nenzira ye monolithic simbi chikamu. Apo piston yekushanda kwebhureki cylinder inobata pane bhureki padhi, simba rinotamirwa kune bhureki disc, izvo zvinotungamirira kunonoka uye kumisa motokari. Muchiitiko che deformation ye caliper, iyo inogoneka nechisimba chakasimba, mabhureki mapedhi anopfeka zvisina kuenzana, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwavo hwebasa.

Iyo "nhanhatu" caliper chikamu pasina iyo yakazara braking isingakwanisi

Iyo caliper inogona kugamuchira kukuvara kweiyo inotevera hunhu:

• kuonekwa kwezvitswe. Sezvo chikamu chinogara chichiratidzwa kune mitoro, kuputika kunoonekwa pairi nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekuneta kwesimbi. Izvi zvinoratidza kudikanwa kwekutsiva caliper, sezvo isina kukodzera kudzoreredza;
• kuumbwa kwemaokisi pane zvinhu zvinofamba. Masilinda anoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma anofukidzwa netsvina uye oxide firimu, uye mapistoni anotanga kunyura nekufamba kwenguva, izvo zvinoderedza kushanda kwebhureki. Muchiitiko ichi, kugadzirisa kana kuchinjwa kwemasilinda kunodiwa.

Semi-axle yevhiri rekumashure VAZ 2106

PaVAZ 2106, mavhiri ekumashure anosungirirwa nenzira yeaxle shafts. Icho chikamu chakamisikidzwa pakuchengetwa kweaxle yekumashure uye ndicho chikamu chayo chakakosha, sezvo iri shaft yeaxle inofambisa kutenderera kubva kugiya bhokisi kuenda kumavhiri ekumashure.

Iyo axle shaft inochengetedza uye inotenderedza vhiri rekumashure.

Iyo axle shaft chikamu chakavimbika chisingakundike. Chinhu chikuru icho dzimwe nguva chinoda kutsiviwa ndicho kutakura.

Chinhu chikuru chinofanira kuchinjwa pane axle shaft ndiyo inotakura.

Nekubatsira kwayo, kutenderera kwakafanana kweiyo node inofungidzirwa panguva yekufamba kunovimbiswa. Kutakura kukundikana kwakafanana nehabhu zvinhu. Kana chikamu chikakundikana, dambudziko rinogadziriswa nekutsiviwa.

Kana kubereka kwakakuvadzwa, hunhu hunoputika kana hum hunoonekwa

Kutsiva kubereka

Kubvisa axle shaft uye kutsiva bhora rinotakura, unofanirwa kugadzirira imwe seti yezvishandiso:

• crank;
• musoro 17;
• nyundo;
• flat screwdriver;
• chisisi;
• Bulgarian;
• itsva hafu shaft inotakura ine retaining ring;
• blowtorch kana gasi rinopisa.

Kubvisa axle shaft

Kubvisa kunoitwa nenzira inotevera:

1. Isu tinosimudza kumashure kwemotokari kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwaidiwa uye tinobvisa gumbo, pamwe chete nedhiramu rakaputika.
2. Kuti udzivise kubuda kwegirisi kubva kuseri kweaxle danda, simudza mupendero westocking nejack.
3. Uine 17-head collar, sunungura axle shaft gomo.
   

   Kuti ubvise axle shaft, zvakakosha kusunungura 4 nzungu nemusoro we17.
4. Tinobvisa mabhii ekunyora.
   

   Bvisa zvisungo, bvisa mawashi ekunyora
5. Isu tinoisa chinodhonza chinodhonza pane axle shaft flange uye tinogogodza axle shaft kunze kwe stocking. Nezvinangwa izvi, unogona kushandisa yakagadziridzwa nzira, semuenzaniso, bhuroka rehuni uye sando.
   

   Nerubatsiro rwekudhonzera, isu tinogogodza kunze kweaxle shaft kubva ku stocking yeaxle yekumashure.
6. Isu tinobvisa axle shaft pamwe chete nendiro yekuisa, kubereka uye bushing.
   

   Iyo axle shaft inobviswa pamwe chete nekutakura, kukwirisa ndiro uye bushing
7. Bvisa chisimbiso.
   

   Screwdriver pry uye bvisa chisimbiso
8. Nekubatsirwa kwepliers, tinobvisa gland.
   

   Uchishandisa pliers, bvisa axle shaft chisimbiso kubva pakuisa

Mabhureki mapedhi haapindire nekubviswa kweaxle shaft, saka haidi kubatwa.

Kutakura dismantling

Nzira yekubvisa bhairi ine matanho anotevera:

1. Isu tinogadzirisa hafu shaft mune vice.
2. Tinocheka mhete neguyo.
   

   Tinocheka sleeve ne grinder
3. Isu tinoparadzanisa mhete nenyundo uye chisel, tichirova pachigamba.
   

   Tinoputsa sleeve nenyundo uye chisel
4. Isu tinogogodza kubereka kubva kune axle shaft. Kana izvi zvisingakwanisi, saka nerubatsiro rweguyo tinocheka uye tinoparadzanisa chikamu chekunze, uye ipapo tinobvisa mukati.
   

   Isu tinogogodza bhero kubva paasero shaft, tichinongedza danda remuti uye tichirova nesando.
5. Isu tinoongorora mamiriro eiyo semi-axis. Kana kukanganisa kunowanikwa (deformation, zviratidzo zvekupfeka panzvimbo yekuisa yekutakura kana splines), axle shaft inofanira kutsiviwa.
   

   Mushure mekubvisa kubereka, zvakakosha kutarisa axle shaft yekukuvara uye deformation.

Kubereka kuisa

Isa chikamu chitsva sezvinotevera:

1. Isu tinobvisa bhutsu kubva kune itsva bearing.
   

   Pry off ne screwdriver uye bvisa bhutsu inotakura
2. Isu tinozadza kubereka neLitol-24 girisi kana zvimwe.
   

   Isu tinozadza kubereka negirisi Litol-24 kana zvakafanana
3. Tinoisa duster panzvimbo.
4. Isa girisi pachigaro chekutakura.
   

   Isu tinozorawo chigaro chekutakura
5. Isu tinokwidza fani nebhoti kunze, kureva, kune axle shaft flange, tichiisundira nechidimbu chakakodzera chepombi.
6. Isu tinopisa sleeve ne blowtorch kusvikira jira jena richioneka pane chikamu.
   

   Kuita kuti zvive nyore kukwana mhete pane axle shaft, inopisa negasi rinopisa kana blowtorch.
7. Isu tinotora mhete ne pliers kana pliers toiisa pa axle shaft.
8. Isu tinoisa sleeve pedyo nekubereka, kuiputira nenyundo.
9. Isu takamirira kuti mhete itonhore.
   

   Kana sleeve yaiswa, rega itonhorere pasi.
10. Isu tinoisa chisimbiso chitsva chemafuta uye tinoisa axle shaft panzvimbo yayo. Isu tinoungana mune reverse order.
    

    Imwe cuff itsva inoiswa uchishandisa adapta yakakodzera.

Vhidhiyo: kutsiva semi-axial inotakura pane "classic"

Maitiro ekutsiva axle shaft inotakura VAZ.

Hubs ane mabearings uye axle shafts yeVAZ 2106, kunyange zvazvo ari zvinhu zvakavimbika, zvinogona kuramba zvichikundikana nekuda kwekugara uchitarisana nemitoro yakakwirira. Dambudziko racho rinonyanya kuenderana nekupfeka kwebheya, iyo muridzi weZhiguli anogona kutsiva ari oga. Kuti ushande, iwe uchada ruzivo rushoma mukugadzirisa mota uye zvishoma seti yezvishandiso, uye kuti uite zvese zvakanaka uye udzivise kukanganisa, iwe unofanirwa kutanga waverenga nhanho-nhanho mirairo.