"Neptune" - Ukrainian coastal missile system.
Kubvumbi bvunzo dzeR-360A missile yeRK-360MS Neptune complex.
Musi waKubvumbi 5, yekutanga inoshanda zvizere prototype yeNeptune RK-360MS inozvifambisa yekudzivirira yegungwa yakaratidzwa kune veruzhinji panguva yekuedzwa kwefekitori, panguva iyo R-360A anti-ship missile yakadzingwa kekutanga. shanduro. Nepo mhedzisiro chaiyo yehurongwa hwekutanga-mu-ndege zvidzidzo ichiri chakavanzika, iyo show inovhenekera kumwe kujeka kweNeptune kumisikidzwa uye kugona.
Miedzo iyi yakaitika panzvimbo yekudzidzira munzvimbo yeAlibey estuary pedyo neOdessa. Iyo R-360A inotungamirwa missile yakapedza kubhururuka munzira yakapihwa ine mapeji mana. Akakunda chikamu chekutanga chayo pamusoro pegungwa, achibhururuka 95 km, ndokubva aita matende matatu uye, pakupedzisira, akapinda mumashure ekudzokera kunzvimbo yekudzidzira. Kusvikira ikozvino, akanga achifamba pakakwirira mamita 300, akabva atanga kuidzikisa, achifamba mamita mashanu pamusoro pemafungu muchikamu chekupedzisira chekubhururuka pamusoro pegungwa. Pakupedzisira, akarova chipfuro pasi pedyo nepedhi yekuvhura. Akafukidza chinhambwe che255 km mumaminitsi gumi nematatu masekonzi makumi mashanu neshanu.
Iyo Neptune sisitimu yakagadziridzwa muUkraine ine yakanyanya kushandisa zviwanikwa zvayo uye hunyanzvi. Izvi zvaive zvakakosha nekuda kwekudiwa kwekushandisa zvine hungwaru zviwanikwa, izvo zvishoma kwazvo munyika inorwa, uye nekumhanyisa chikamu chebudiriro uye kusvika pakukwanisa kugadzira - zvese kuitira kupa Viysk-Maritime Forces yeUkraine (VMSU) ne kukwanisa kuchengetedza zvido zvenyika nekukasika.
Kurumidza kudiwa mukutarisana nekutyisidzira kuri kukura
Panyaya yeUkraine, kudiwa kwekuve neyayo yekudzivirira ngarava system kwakakosha zvakanyanya mukuona kwekutyisidzira kwekuchengetedza kubva kuRussian Federation. Nzvimbo yeUkraine Navy yakasvika padanho rakakosha mushure mekutorwa kweCrimea neRussia muchirimo che2014, semhedzisiro iyo chikamu chakakosha chezvikepe zvekugona kwezvikepe zveSevastopol neLake Donuzlav zvakarasika, pamwe chete. coastal anti-ship 4K51 missile mabhatiri, achiri ekugadzirwa kweSoviet. Pamusana pemamiriro avo ezvinhu asingafadzi, WMSU haikwanisi kurwisana neBlack Sea Fleet yeRussian Federation. Kugona kwavo zvirokwazvo hakuna kukwana kupikisa zvinogona kugumbura zveRussia vachishandisa amphibious kurwisa pamhenderekedzo yeUkraine kana pamberi pekutyisidzira kwekuvharirwa kwezviteshi.
Mushure mekutorwa kweCrimea, Russia yakawedzera zvakanyanya kurwisa uye kudzivirira kwayo munzvimbo iyi. Moscow yakatumira anti-ship defense system ipapo, inosanganisira zvikamu zvakawanda: nzvimbo yekuongorora nzvimbo iri kure kusvika ku500 km; automated target data processing uye moto control systems; pamwe nemotokari yehondo ine rwendo rwendege runosvika 350 km. Iwo ekupedzisira anosanganisira emahombekombe missile masisitimu 3K60 "Bal" uye K-300P "Bastion-P", pamwe ne "Caliber-NK / PL" pazvikepe zvepamusoro uye pasi pemvura, pamwe nendege yeBlack Sea Fleet. Pakutanga kwegore, Navy ine "Caliber" muGungwa Dzvuku yaisanganisira: vataridzi vatatu (frigates) yeprojekti 11356R uye ngarava nhanhatu dzepurojekiti 06363, dzichipa salvo yose yezvinosvika makumi matanhatu, kusanganisira 60M3 kurwisa kure-kure. pasi zvinonangwa nendege yemakiromita angangoita 14, inofukidza mazhinji eEurope. MaRussia akasimbisawo mauto avo ekurwisa amphibious, kunyanya nekuisa zvidiki uye nekukurumidza amphibious kurwisa mauto emauto akakosha, kunyanya anobatsira muGungwa reAzov mudunhu.
Mukupindura, Ukraine yakaisa 300mm Wilch rocket artillery system, asi pasi-yakaparurwa isina kutungamirwa kana kutungamirwa mabhomba haashande zvakanyanya pakufamba kwezvinangwa zvegungwa. Ndosaka iyo Neptune-kirasi system yaive yakakosha kuWMSU. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza mvura yenzvimbo uye straits, zvigadziko zvemugungwa, zvivakwa zvepasi uye zvakakosha zvivakwa zvezvivakwa, uye kudzivirira kumhara kwevavengi mumvura yemahombekombe.
Launcher USPU-360 muhondo uye stowed chinzvimbo.
System Zvikamu
Pakupedzisira, boka reNeptune system richava nemabhatiri maviri ekupfura. Mumwe nomumwe wavo achagamuchira: zvitatu zvinotanga-zvitsvakira, motokari yekutakura, motokari yekutakura uye nzvimbo yekudzivirira moto yeC2. Kambani yehurumende DierżKKB Łucz kubva kuKyiv yakashanda sekondirakiti mukuru weR&D yehurongwa. Kudyidzana kwacho kwaisanganisira makambani ehurumende ane hanya "Ukroboronprom", anoti: "Orizon-Navigation", "Impulse", "Vizar", pamwe nedhipatimendi reCentral Design Bureau "Arsenal" yeState Cosmos yeUkraine uye. makambani akazvimirira LLC "Radionix", TOW "Telecard mudziyo. , UkrInnMash, TOW Ukrainian armored mota, PAT Motor Sich uye PrAT AvtoKrAZ.
Nheyo yehurongwa ndeye R-360A inotungamirwa missile, iyo iyo yakasara yeNeptune zvikamu zvakabatanidzwa. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga yekuUkraine inotungamirwa anti-ship missile, yakabatana mukugadzira kuderedza mutengo uye yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pasi, inoyangarara nemhepo mapuratifomu (kusanganisira mamwe marudzi emaherikoputa). Chinangwa chayo ndechekuparadzwa kwezvikepe zvepamusoro uye zvikepe, zvikepe zvekumhara uye vatakuri vemauto vanofamba vakazvimiririra kana mumapoka. Iyo inogona zvakare kupikisa yakamira pasi zvinangwa kusvika pamwero wakati. Yakanga yakarongedzerwa kushanda masikati neusiku, mune chero mamiriro e-hydrometeorological uye kurwisa chinhu chekurwiswa (passive uye inoshanda kupindira, kuzvidzivirira midziyo). Makomba anogona kuvhurwa ega kana mu salvo (nguva 3-5 masekonzi) kuwedzera mukana wekurova chinangwa.
