ORP Krakowiak

Pekne mufananidzo weKrakowiak munguva yehondo.

Musi waKubvumbi 20, 1941, Hondo Yehondo yePolish yakahaya muparadzi wekutanga weBritish Hunt II, ainyatsokodzera kudyidzana nezvikepe zvakakura, zvakagadzirirwa kuvhara makonikoni emahombekombe kubva kumahombekombe eEngland.

Zvinoenderana nechibvumirano chengarava chekubatana kwePolish-British chaNovember 18, 1939 uye yakawedzera yakavanzika protocol yaDecember 3, 1940, ngarava dzese dzePolish Navy (PMW) muUK - vaparadzi Błyskawica i Burza, submarine Wilk nevavhimi vezvombo. C -1 uye S-2, vaishanda vari pasi peBritish Admiralty. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvikepe zvekutanga zvakamhan'arirwa kuAllied zvikepe pasi pemureza wePoland (vaparadzi Garland, Piorun uye Hurricane uye S-3 artillery speeder) yaiva sarudzo yakanaka yeBritish. Iyo Admiralty yakanzwa kushomeka kwevashandi vayo vakadzidziswa. Ukuwo, Mauto eNaval Command (KMW) muLondon akanga ane vakuru vakuru nevafambisi vezvikepe vakawanda vakamirira kupiwa basa rezvikepe zvehondo.

Muvhimi wekutanga pasi pemureza wePoland

Kuvakwa kwemuparadzi anoperekedza HMS Silverton, kutanga musi wa5 Zvita 1939, kwakapihwa basa kuna John Samuel White & Company paCowes, Isle of Wight, panzvimbo imwe cheteyo yaivaka ngarava Groma neBłyskawica. Musi waDecember 4, 1940, kuiswa kwacho kwakatangwa. Basa rekushandisa rakapfuurira mumwedzi yakatevera. Musi waChivabvu 20, 1941, muperekedzi wekare weBritish akagamuchira zita repamutemo rekuti ORP Krakowiak uye chiratidzo chehunyanzvi L 115 (chinoonekwa pamativi ese uye pane transom). Musi waMay 22, mhemberero yekusimudza mureza muchena uye mutsvuku wakaitwa pachikepe, uye hurumende yePoland muLondon yakatanga kubhadhara mari yose yakabatana nekugadzirisa kwayo, kugadzirisa, kugadzirisa, kuchinja kwemidziyo, nezvimwewo. Mhemberero yacho yakanga ine mwero. Pakati pevakakokwa vaiva: Vadm. Jerzy Svirsky, mukuru weKMW, vamiriri veAdmiralty uye ngarava. Mutungamiriri wekutanga wengarava aive lieutenant commander ane makore 34. Tadeusz Gorazdovsky.

Musi waChikumi 10, Krakowiak akabhururuka kubva kuPlymouth kuenda kuScapa Flow kukudzidziswa kunorema. Chinangwa chikuru chekudzidziswa kwemavhiki akawanda chaive chekutumirwa kwengarava ichangopedzwa.

pamwe chete neRoyal Navy. Iwo maekisesaizi akaenderera mberi kusvika Chikunguru 10. Rear Admiral Louis Henry Keppel Hamilton, mukuru wevaparadzi veHome Fleet (anotarisira kudzivirira kwenzvimbo dzemvura yeUnited Kingdom), haana kuvanza kuyemura kwake kune vashandi veKrakowiak, avo vakashanda mukuita. Musi waChikunguru 17, 1941, ngarava yacho yakabatanidzwa mune yechi15 muparadzi flotilla.

Vashandi vevaperekedzi vePoland vakabhabhatidzwa nemoto vachiperekedza konikoni yepamhenderekedzo yegungwa PW 27 kubva kuchitsuwa chidiki cheLundy, chiri makiromita gumi neshanu kumadokero kwemahombekombe eChirungu, mumvura dzeBristol Channel. Pausiku hwaAugust 15 kusvika 31 September 1, boka rezvikepe zvekutakura 1941, zvakaperekedzwa neKrakowiak uye vatatu veBritish vakapakata zvombo, vakarwiswa neGermany Heinkel He 9 seaplane. Nhepfenyuro dzema tracers kubva pa115 mm Lewis muchina pfuti yakateverwa munzira yakaratidzwa nemucherechedzi. Anenge panguva imwe chete, artillery akabatana nemoto, achishumira mana-barreled "pom-poms", kureva, anti-ndege pfuti. 21 mm caliber uye ese matatu mapatya 00 mm artillery zvidimbu. Pasinei nemoto mukuru waibva parutivi pevaiperekedza, hazvina kukwanisa kudzikisa motokari.

Musi waGunyana 11, 1941, nekuraira kwemukuru weKMW, Krakowiak akabatana neiyo ichangobva kugadzirwa 2nd Destroyer Squadron (Polish), yakavakirwa muPlymouth, uye akatanga kugara achiperekedza makonikoni achitevedza kumaodzanyemba nekumadokero kweGreat Britain.

Pahusiku hwaGumiguru 21, Krakowiak, akadzika muFalmouth, uye hanzvadzi yake Kuyawiak (Kaputeni Mar. Ludwik Likhodzeevsky), avo vaive chikamu chekuperekedza kubva kuFalmouth kuenda kuMilford Haven (Wales), vakarairwa kuti vatore chikamu mukutsvagisa. chikepe chepasi pemvura chisingazivikanwi, icho, maererano nemishumo yakagamuchirwa kubva kuAdmiralty, yakanga iri pane imwe nzvimbo nemakonisheni 49 ° 52′ s. sh., 12° 02′ W e) Vaparadzi vakasvika panzvimbo yainge yaratidzwa musi wa22 Gumiguru nenguva dza14:45. Nzvimbo ye submarine haisati yasimbiswa.

Maawa gare gare, Gorazdowski akanzi atsvage uye atore chigaro chekuvharira Atlantic convoy SL 89, iyo yakanga yasimuka kuFreetown, Sierra Leone kuenda kuLiverpool kutanga kwaGumiguru. Na23:07 muna Gumiguru 00, musangano wakaitwa nevaparadzi vaviri veBritish Witch naVanguisher. Pa12: 00 zvikepe zvakawana kutakura kwe21 uye chifukidziro chine mwero, uye pamirairo yeWestern Approach Command (Western Operational Area, ine muzinda muLiverpool)

akavaperekedza vachitevedza mhenderekedzo yegungwa yokumadokero kweIreland. Gumiguru 24, apo vaparadzi vePoland vose vari vaviri vakanga vari pa52°53,8° N, 13°14′ W, kunze kwenzvimbo yakatyisidzirwa nedenho yeboka rengarava dzepasi pemvura.

uye ndege yakanzi idzoke - Kuyawiak akaenda kuPlymouth, uye Krakowiak - kuMilford Haven. Musi wa26 Gumiguru, convoy SL 89 yakasvika pachiteshi pasina kurasikirwa.