Sei kuridza muridzo kana uchidzvanya brake uye kuti unoigadzirisa sei

Zvinoenderana neiyo stereotype iripo, mweya chete unopukunyuka uchimanikidzwa kubva mukudonha mumidziyo yepneumatic inogona kuridza muridzo. Chokwadi, mabhureki emarori nemabhazi makuru anoridza muridzo zvine ruzha nekuti anoshandisa pneumatic actuators, asi mota dzine mabhureki ehydraulic. Nekudaro, kune zvakare masosi einzwi rakadaro, iwo akabatanidzwa ne vacuum amplifier.

Zvikonzero zvekuridza muridzo

Kuonekwa kweiyi ruzha kunogona kuve chiratidzo chenguva dzose kushanda kwevacuum brake booster (VUT), uye kusashanda. Musiyano uri mune nuances, uye kujekesa kunoda diagnostics. Zviri nyore, unogona kuzviita iwe pachako.

Kunyarara kushanda kweVUT kunogoneka, asi hapana chikonzero chekuti vanogadzira vagare vachiedza izvi. Matanho akajairika ndeyekudzivirira ruzha mukamuri yeinjini uko amplifier iripo, pamwe nekupedzisa dhizaini yayo yakajairika kuderedza ruzha rwemhepo inoyerera pasi pekumanikidzwa.

Zvese izvi zvinowedzera mutengo weyuniti nemota yese, saka mota dzebhajeti dzine kodzero yekuridza muridzo zvishoma kana uchidzvanya mabhureki.

VUT ine elastic diaphragm ichikamura kuita makamuri maviri. Chimwe chazvo chiri pasi pesimba remhepo isina kunaka. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo vacuum inoitika munzvimbo ye throttle yehuwandu hwekutora inoshandiswa.

Chechipiri, paunodzvanya pedal kuburikidza nevhavha yekuvhura yekuvhura, inogamuchira mweya wemuchadenga. Musiyano wekumanikidza kuyambuka diaphragm uye dzinde rakabatana kwairi rinogadzira rimwe simba rinowedzera kune izvo zvinofambiswa kubva painotsika.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, simba rinowedzera rinozoiswa kune piston yeiyo main brake cylinder, iyo inofambisa kudzvanya uye nekumhanyisa kushanda kwemabhureki zvese musevhisi mode uye mune emergency.

Kukurumidza kufambiswa kwehuremu hwemhepo kuburikidza nevharuvhu kupinda mukamuri yemuchadenga kuchagadzira ruzha rwekuridza mhere. Inokurumidza kumira sezvo vhoriyamu ichizadza uye haisi chiratidzo chekusashanda zvakanaka.

Mhedzisiro yacho inowedzerwa ne "mari" yechikamu chevacuum mune amplifier uye yakabatana zvishoma kudonha mukumhanya kana injini yaimhanya neyakavharwa throttle. Musanganiswa uchave wakarebesa nekuda kwekupomba kwemweya mudiki kubva kuVUT kupinda muhuwandu hwekutora. Kudonha uku kunobva kwagadzirwa neasina basa speed controller.

Asi kana kuridza muridzo kwakareba zvisingaite, kurira, kana kutogara, zvino izvi zvicharatidza kuvepo kwekusashanda kwakabatana nekuora mwoyo kwemavhoriyamu. Pachave nemhepo isina kujairika inodonhedza mukati meyakawanda, inozokanganisa chiyero cheinjini yekudzora system.

Iyi mhepo haina kuverengerwa neyekuyerera sensors, uye kuverenga kweiyo absolute pressure sensor ichaenda kupfuura miganhu inobvumirwa iyi modhi. Kuita kweiyo-self-diagnosis system inogoneka nechiratidzo chekukurumidzira chinopenya pane dashboard, uye injini yekumhanyisa inochinja zvisina tsarukano, kukanganisa uye kuzunguzika kuchaitika.

Nzira yekuwana sei kukanganisa mu brake system

Nzira yekuongorora zvikonzero zvekushanya zvisina kujairika ndeyekutarisa vacuum amplifier.

• Iko kusimba kweVUT kwakadai zvekuti inokwanisa kushanda akati wandei madhiri ekusimudzira (kudzvanya pedal) kunyangwe injini yakadzimwa. Izvi ndizvo zviri kuongororwa.

Zvakakosha kumisa injini uye kushandisa bhureki kakawanda. Zvadaro siya pedal yakaora mwoyo uye tanga injini zvakare. Nekuedza nguva dzose kubva patsoka, chikuva chinofanirwa kudonhedza mamirimita mashoma, izvo zvinoratidza rubatsiro rwevacuum yakabuda mune yakawanda yekudyara kana pombi yevacuum yakatanga kushanda kana ikashandiswa painjini uko pasina vacuum yakakwana. nekuda kwekugadzira.

• Teerera kuridza muridzo kubva papfundo. Kana iyo pedal isina kudzvinyirirwa, kureva kuti, valve haina kushandiswa, hapafaniri kuva nezwi, pamwe chete nemhepo inoputika muhuwandu.
• Bvisa vharafu yekutarisa yakaiswa mupombi yevacuum kubva kune yakawanda kuenda kumutumbi weVUT. Ingofanire kutendera mweya kupinda munzira imwe chete. Zvimwe chetezvo zvinogona kuitwa pasina kuputsa fitting nevhavha. Misa injini ine brake pedal yakaora mwoyo. Ivhavha haifaniri kurega mhepo kubva kune yakawanda, kureva kuti, simba riri pamakumbo haringashanduki.
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa, semuenzaniso, inodonha VUT diaphragm (membrane) mumotokari dzemazuva ano, haigone kugadziriswa uye kuongororwa zvakasiyana. A yakaremara amplifier inofanira kutsiviwa segungano.

Idzi injini dzakatotaurwa dzine vacuum yakaderera yakawanda, yakadai semainjini edhiziri, ine pombi yekutsvaira yakasiyana. Kushanda kwayo kunotariswa neruzha panguva yekushanda kana chiridzwa, uchishandisa gauge yekumanikidza.

Kugadzirisa matambudziko

Kana iyo boost system ikakundikana, mabhureki achashanda, asi kushanda kwemotokari yakadaro kunorambidzwa, iyi imamiriro asina kuchengetedzeka.

Kuwedzera kusinga fungidzirwe kukwirisa kunogona kukanganisa maitiro emutyairi ane ruzivo mune inongoerekana yaitika ingangoita mamiriro ekukurumidzira, uye vanotanga havazokwanisi kushandisa zvizere kushanda kwakazara kweiyo braking system, nekuti zvinotora basa rakakura kwazvo kushanda. michina kusvika ABS yavhurwa.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo nguva yekupindura mabhureki, seimwe yezvikamu zvechimbichimbi deceleration process, ichakanganisa zvakanyanya iyo yekupedzisira kumira kure, uko mita yega yega kune chipingamupinyi yakakosha.

Kugadzirisa kunosanganisira kutsiva zvikamu zvinokonzeresa kubuda kwemhepo. Kune vashoma vavo, iyi ivhavha yevhavha ine fittings uye cheki valve, pamwe chete neVUT yakaungana zvakananga. Dzimwe nzira dzekudzorera hadzibvumirwi. Kuvimbika kuri pamusoro pezvese pano, uye zvikamu zvitsva chete zvakajairika zvinogona kuzvipa.

Kana dambudziko riri muamplifier, saka rinofanirwa kubviswa uye kuchinjwa pasina kutenga zvinhu zvakagadziridzwa kana zvigadzirwa zvakachipa kubva kune vashoma vanozivikanwa vanogadzira.

Chikwata chacho chiri nyore, asi chinoda kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvepamusoro-soro uye teknolojia yegungano yakapupurirwa, iyo isingagoni kuwanikwa maererano nekuchengetedza mari.

Izvi zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa nezve rarefaction pipeline. Iko kusungirirwa pane manifold kunofanirwa kuve kwakachengetedzwa maererano nehunyanzvi hwefekitori, uye kwete kunama mugaraji mushure mekubviswa kubva mukukwegura.

Iyo valve uye vacuum hose inoshandiswa yakanyatsogadzirirwa iyi modhi yemotokari, ichiratidza kuenderana nenhamba-nhamba.

Hapana mahosi ekugadzirisa epasirese akakodzera, kumwe kuchinjika, kupikisa kemikari kune hydrocarbon mhute, zvekunze uye zvinopisa zvinofurira, uye kusimba kunodiwa. Ivhavha uye hose seals zvinofanirawo kutsiviwa. Izvo zvinodiwa hazvisi sealant uye tepi yemagetsi, asi zvikamu zvitsva.