Kutarisa majekiseni epeturu kubva kuA kusvika kuZ
Zviri mukati
Iyo jekiseni yemafuta inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirira kwekushanda musanganiswa wepeturu nemhepo, zvese maererano nehuwandu hwayo kuumbwa, uye maererano neyakatonyanya kukosha pfuma panguva ino - yemhando yepamusoro atomization. Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kukanganisa kugona kwaimbove kusingasvikike kweinjini maererano nekushanda uye kuchena kwekuneta.
Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo jekiseni nozzle
Sezvo mutemo, majekiseni emagetsi anoshandiswa mune peturu injini, kushanda kwayo kunobva pakutonga kwemafuta ekupa nemagetsi emagetsi anogadzirwa nemagetsi enjini control system (ECM).
Mhedziso muchimiro chekusvetuka kwevoltage inopinda mune solenoid winding, iyo inokonzera magnetization yetsvimbo iri mukati mayo uye kufamba kwayo mukati mecylindrical winding.
Ivhavha yepfapfaidzo inobatanidzwa nemagetsi kune hunde. Mafuta, ari munjanji pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyatsodzorwa, anotanga kuyerera kuburikidza nevhavha kusvika kune zvitubu, inoparadzirwa zvakanaka uye inosanganiswa nemhepo inopinda mucylinder.
Huwandu hwepeturu yehumwe denderedzwa rekushanda hunotarwa nenguva yakazara yekuvhurwa kwe cyclic yevhavha.
zvachose - nekuti vharafu inogona kuvhura uye kuvhara kakawanda pairi kutenderera. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka kweinjini pamusanganiswa wakaonda kwazvo.
Semuenzaniso, chidimbu chidiki chemusanganiswa wakapfuma chinogona kuiswa kuti utange kupisa, uye ipapo musanganiswa wakaonda unogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza kupisa uye kupa hupfumi hunodiwa.
Nokudaro, jekiseni rakanaka rinova chikwata chetekinoroji, icho chakakwirira uye dzimwe nguva chinopikisana chinoiswa.
- Kumhanya kwepamusoro kunoda mashoma mashoma uye inertia yezvikamu, asi panguva imwechete zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuvhara kwevhavhavha, izvo zvinoda simba rakakwana rekudzoka chitubu. Asi zvakare, kuimanikidza, zvinodikanwa kushandisa kushingaira kukuru, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera ukuru uye simba re solenoid.
- Kubva pakuona kwemagetsi, kudiwa kwesimba kuchawedzera inductance yecoil, iyo inogadzirisa kukurumidza.
- Iyo compact dhizaini uye yakaderera inductance ichaita kuti kuwedzera kwekushandiswa ikozvino kwecoil, izvi zvichawedzera matambudziko nemakiyi emagetsi ari muECM.
- Kuwanda kwemafambiro ekushanda uye mitoro ine simba pavharuvhu inoomesa dhizaini yayo, ichipokana nekubatana kwayo uye kusimba. Mune ino kesi, iyo hydrodynamic maitiro muatomizer inofanirwa kupa inodiwa kupararira uye kugadzikana pamusoro pese tembiricha renji.
Iwo majekiseni ane chiyero chakarurama chekuyerera kweiyo yakapihwa dzvinyiriro inodonha pakati penjanji uye manifold ekutora. Sezvo dosing inoitwa chete nenguva yakashandiswa munzvimbo yakazaruka, huwandu hwejekiseni peturu haifanire kutsamira pane chimwe chinhu.
Kunyange zvazvo kururama kunodiwa kuchiri kusingakwanisi kuwanikwa, uye mutsara wemhinduro unoshandiswa zvichienderana nezviratidzo zveokisijeni sensor mupombi yekupedza. Asi ine rakatetepa rekushandisa renji, painobuda iyo system inovhiringwa, uye ECM icharatidza kukanganisa (Tarisa) pane dashboard.
Zviratidzo zvekutadza kushanda kwemajekiseni enjini yepeturu
Kune maviri akajairika majekiseni malfunctions - kutyorwa kwehuwandu hwekuumbwa kwemusanganiswa uye kukanganisa kwechimiro chejet spray. Iyo yekupedzisira inoderedzawo hutano hwekusanganiswa kwekugadzira.
Sezvo kucherechedzwa kwehunhu hwekuumbwa kwemusanganiswa kana uchitanga injini inotonhora kunonyanya kukosha, matambudziko nemajekiseni anonyanya kuzviratidza mune iyi modhi.
Iyo injector inogona "kupfachukira" kana vharafu isingakwanise kubata kumanikidza kwepeturu uye musanganiswa wakawandisa unoramba kupisa, uye makenduru anokandwa nepeturu muchikamu chemvura. Injini yakadaro haigoni kutangwa pasina kuchenesa nemhepo yakawedzerwa.
Vagadziri vanotopa iyo yakakosha modhi yekufuridza makenduru, iyo iwe yaunoda kunyudza zvachose accelerator pedal uye kushandura injini neanotanga, nepo mafuta akavharwa zvachose. Asi kunyange izvi hazvibatsiri kana muromo wakavharwa usingabatiki.
Atomization isina kunaka inogona kukonzera musanganiswa wakaonda. Simba reinjini rinodonha, kukurumidza kwesimba kunoderera, kukanganisa mumagetsi ega ega kunogoneka, izvo zvinozoita kuti mwenje uri pamudziyo uvheneke.
Chero kukanganisa mukuumbwa kwemusanganiswa, kusanganisira nekuda kwekusakwana kwayo homogenization, kunotungamirira kukuwedzera kukuru kwekushandiswa kwemafuta. Hazvirevi hazvo kuti izvi zvinoreva musanganiswa wakapfuma, murombo unobata nenzira imwechete, sezvo kushanda kwese kweinjini kuchaderera.
Detonation inogona kuitika, ichabuda muhutongi hwekupisa uye iyo catalytic inoshandura inodonha, mapopu anozoonekwa mune yakawanda yekudyara kana muffler. Injini inoda kuongororwa nekukurumidza.
Injector bvunzo nzira
Iyo yakanyanya kuoma michina inoshandiswa mukuongorora, zvakanyanya kunyatsoita kuti uone zvikonzero zvechiitiko chacho uye kutsanangura matanho anodiwa ekubvisa dambudziko.
Simba rekuongorora
Iyo iri nyore nzira yekudzora pulses inosvika pane injector yekubatanidza ndeyekubatanidza chiratidzo che LED kune yayo yekugovera kubata.
Kana shaft ichitenderedzwa neyekutanga, iyo LED inofanirwa blink, iyo inoratidza hutano hwepedyo hweECM makiyi uye chokwadi chekuedza kwayo kuvhura mavharuvhu, kunyangwe iwo mapurusi anouya angave asina simba rakakwana.
Chete oscilloscope uye mutoro simulator inogona kupa ruzivo rwakakwana.
Nzira yekuyera sei kuramba
Chimiro chekushanda chemutoro chinogona kuongororwa uchishandisa ohmmeter, iyo iri chikamu chepasi rose multimeter (tester). Kupokana kwemhepo ye solenoid kunoratidzwa mune data yepasipoti yeinjector, pamwe nekupararira kwayo.
Iyo ohmmeter kuverenga kunofanirwa kusimbisa iyo data match. Kupokana kunopimwa nechibatanidza chakabviswa pakati pesimba rekubata neimba.
Asi kunze kwekupikisa, kupeta kunofanira kupa hutano hunodiwa uye kusavapo kwekutendeuka kwekanguva-pfupi, izvo zvisingagoni kugadziriswa nenzira dzakareruka, asi dunhu rakazaruka kana rakazara rinogona kuverengwa.
Tarisa pane rampu
Kana iwe ukabvisa dhizaini yenjanji nemanozzles kubva kune akawanda, unogona kuongorora mamiriro emaatomizer nemazvo. Nekunyudza jekiseni rega rega muchubhu yekuyedza yakajeka uye nekubatidza chinotangisa, unogona kuona nemaziso maatomu emafuta.
Matochi anofanirwa kunge aine chimiro checonical chakakodzera, chine madonhwe ega ega epeturu ayo asingazivikanwe neziso, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, ave akafanana kune ese akabatana nozzles. Mukusavapo kwekudzora pulses, hapafanirwe kuve nekuburitswa kwepeturu kubva kumavharuvhu.
Kutarisa majekiseni pachigadziko
Ruzivo rwakanyanya uye rwakakwana nezve mamiriro emaatomizer anogona kupihwa nehunyanzvi kuisirwa. Iwo majekiseni anobviswa mujini uye anoiswa pachigadziko.
Chigadzirwa chacho chine maitiro akawanda ekushanda, imwe yacho ndeyekuedza. Iko kuisirwa kunoita bhasikoro munzira dzakasiyana siyana, kuunganidza mafuta akagoverwa uye kuyera huwandu hwayo. Mukuwedzera, kushanda kwemajekiseni kunoonekwa kuburikidza nemadziro akajeka emasilinda; zvinokwanisika kuongorora maparamendi ematochi.
Mhedzisiro ichave kutaridzika kwenhamba dzekuita zvakasiyana kune yega yega mudziyo, iyo inofanirwa kuenderana nedata repasipoti.
Nzira yekuchenesa mafuta ekudyisa iwe pachako
Iyo imwechete inomira ine basa rekuchenesa muromo. Asi kana zvichidiwa, izvi zvinogona kuitwa mugaraji. Mvura yekuchenesa yakajairwa uye mudziyo wakapfava wakaunganidzwa kubva kunzira dzakavandudzwa zvinoshandiswa.
Kuisirwa kumba imota yemagetsi peturu inoiswa mumudziyo une jekiseni rekuchenesa. Iyo hose inobva papombi yakabatana neinopinza yemuromo, uye simba rayo rekubatanidza rinofambiswa nebhatiri kuburikidza nepush-bhatani microswitch.
Nekudzokorodza kutyaira mvura ine simba dhipoziti zvinonyungudutsa kuburikidza neatomizer, zvinokwanisika kuwana yakakosha kudzoreredza kweiyo spray properties yemudziyo, iyo inozove yakajeka kubva mukushandurwa kwechimiro chetochi.
Iyo muromo isingagone kucheneswa ichafanirwa kutsiviwa, chikanganiso chayo hachigari chakabatana nekusvibiswa, corrosion kana mechanical kupfeka zvinogoneka.
Kuchenesa jekiseni pasina kuibvisa kubva injini
Zvinokwanisika kuchenesa majekiseni pasina kuparadzanisa zvachose zvikamu zvejekiseni. Panguva imwecheteyo, mvura yekuchenesa (solvent) inobvumira injini kushanda panguva yekutsvaira.
Iyo sediment solvent inopihwa kubva kune yakaparadzana kuisirwa, indasitiri kana kumba-yakagadzirwa, kune yekumanikidza mutsara werampu. Musanganiswa wakawandisa unodzoserwa kutangi rekupa kuburikidza nepombi yekudzoka.
Iyi nzira ine zvese zvakanakira nezvayakaipira. Kubatsira kuchava kuchengetedza pamusangano uye disassembly maitiro, pamwe chete nemari isingadzivisiki yezvinhu zvinodyiwa uye zvikamu. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvimwe zvinhu zvichacheneswawo, senge gasi rekugovera mavharuvhu, njanji uye inodzvinyirira regulator. Soot ichabviswawo kubva mumapistoni uye mukamuri rinopisa.
Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvichave zvisina kukwana kushanda kwemhinduro, iyo inomanikidzwa kubatanidza zvinhu zvekuchenesa nemafuta emafuta, pamwe chete nehumwe ngozi yemaitiro, apo slag yakashambidzwa inofamba nepakati pezvinhu zvehutori system uye inopinda mumafuta. Izvo hazvizove nyore kune iyo catalyst zvakare.
Chimwe chinokanganisa chichavawo kushayikwa kwekutonga kwekuona pamusoro pekuchenesa maitiro. Migumisiro inogona kutongwa chete nezviratidzo zvisina kunanga. Nokudaro, nzira iyi inogona kukurudzirwa chete senzira yekudzivirira neinosungirwa kuchinja kwemafuta mujini.
