Sei GPS yako kana STRAVA altitude isina kururama?

Mubvunzo unodzokororwa kana mubvunzo unomuka maererano nekukwirira kwepamusoro uye kusiyana kweGPS.

Kunyange zvingaita sezvisina basa, kuwana kureba chaiko kunonetsa, mundege yakachinjika unogona kuisa nyore tepi kuyerwa, tambo, geodesic chain, kana kuunganidza denderedzwa revhiri kuti riyere chinhambwe. kune rumwe rutivi, zvakanyanya kuoma kuisa mita 📐 mundege yakatwasuka.

Kureba kweGPS kwakavakirwa pachimiro chesvomhu chechimiro chepasi, ukuwo hurefu pamepu yetopographic hunobva pahumwe hurongwa hwekubatanidza hwakabatana nepasirese.

Naizvozvo, aya masisitimu maviri akasiyana anofanirwa kuenderana pane imwe nguva.

Altitude uye kudonhedza kwakatwasuka ndiwo maparamendi ayo vazhinji vanochovha mabhasikoro, vanokwira makomo, vanofamba netsoka, uye vanokwira vachada kubvunzana navo mushure mekukwira.

Mirayiridzo yekuwana iyo yakatwasuka mbiri uye yekururamisa mutsauko wakanyatso kunyorwa muzvinyorwa zvekunze zveGPS (senge Garmin GPSMap renji manyorerwo), zvinokatyamadza, ruzivo urwu runenge rusipo kana kuti cryptic mune yavanoda GPS manyorerwo evashandisi. yevatyairi vemabhasikoro (semuenzaniso, madhairekitori eiyo Garmin Edge GPS renji).

Garmin's Mushure meKutengesa Sevhisi iri kupa ese mazano anobatsira, senge iyo TwoNav. Kune vamwe vagadziri veGPS kana maapplication (kunze kweStrava) iyi igevha hombe 🕳.

Nzira yekuyera sei urefu?

Matekiniki akati wandei:

• Kushandisa yakakurumbira Thales theorem mukuita,
• Yakasiyana-siyana triangulation matekiniki,
• Kushandisa altimeter,
• Radar, Deal,
• Satellite zviyero.

Barometric altimeter

Zvaive zvakakosha kuti uone muyero: iyo altimeter inoshandura kumanikidza kwemuchadenga kwenzvimbo kuenda kumusoro. Kureba kwemamita 0 kunoenderana nekumanikidzwa kwe1013,25 mbar pagungwa pane tembiricha ye15 ° C.

Mukuita, aya maviri mamiriro haawanzo kusangana padanho regungwa, semuenzaniso, pakunyora chinyorwa ichi, kumanikidza pamhenderekedzo yeNormandy kwaive 1035 mbar, uye tembiricha iri pedyo ne6 °, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kukukanganisa pakakwirira. pamusoro pe500 m.

Iyo barometric altimeter inopa kwakaringana urefu mushure mekugadzirisa kana kudzvanywa / tembiricha mamiriro akagadzikana.

Kugadzirisa ndeyekuchengeta kureba kwakaringana kwenzvimbo, uyezve altimeter inogadzirisa iyo altitude mukupindura shanduko yemhepo yemhepo uye tembiricha.

Kudonha kwetembiricha 🌡 kunoderedza kudzvanya macurves uye urefu hunowedzera, uye zvinopesana kana tembiricha ikawedzera.

Hwaro hwehurefu hwakaratidzwa huchave nehanya nekuchinja kwekushisa kwemukati, mushandisi wealtimeter, akaibata kana kuipfeka paruoko, anofanirwa kuziva nezve shanduko yekushisa kwenzvimbo pane yakaratidzwa kukosha (semuenzaniso: tarisa. yakavharwa / yakavhurika neruoko, mhepo ine hukama nekuda kwekukurumidza kana kunonoka kufamba, pesvedzero yekushisa kwemuviri, nezvimwewo).

Kurerutsa mhepo yakagadzikana, ndiyo yakagadzikana mamiriro ekunze 🌥.

Kana yakashandiswa nemazvo, iyo barometric altimeter chishandiso chakavimbika chekutarisa kune akasiyana maapplication akadai seaeronautics, kukwira makomo, kukwira makomo ...

L'altitude GPS

GPS inotarisa kureba kwenzvimbo inoenderana neyakakodzera denderedzwa inofananidzira Pasi: "Ellipsoid". Sezvo Nyika isina kukwana, kureba uku kunoda kushandurwa kuti uwane "geoid" kureba 🌍.

Mucherechedzi anoverenga kureba kwechiratidzo chekuongorora achishandisa GPS anogona kuona kutsauka kwemakumi akati emamita, kunyangwe GPS yake iri kushanda nemazvo pasi pemamiriro ekugamuchira akakodzera. Pamwe iyo GPS inogamuchira yakashata?

Iyi misiyano inotsanangurwa nekururama kwekuenzanisa ellipsoid uye, kunyanya, geoid modhi, iyo yakaoma nekuda kwekuti pasi pePasi haisi nzvimbo yakanaka, ine anomalies, inogadziriswa nevanhu uye inogara ichichinja. (Telluric uye Munhu).

Izvi zvisizvo zvichasanganiswa nezvikanganiso zvekuyera zviri muGPS, uye ndizvo zvinokonzeresa zvisizvo uye shanduko inogara ichichinja muhurefu hwakataurwa neGPS.

Satellite geometries inofarira kunaka kwakatwasuka, ndiko kuti, nzvimbo yakaderera yemasatelliti padenga, inodzivirira kutorwa chaiko kwekukwirira. Kurongeka kwehukuru hweiyo vertical precision ka1,5 times the horizontal precision.

Vazhinji vanogadzira GPS chipset vanosanganisa iyo yemasvomhu modhi mune yavo software. iyo inosvika kune geodetic model yepasi uye inopa hurefu hunotsanangurwa mumuenzaniso uyu.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana uchifamba pamusoro pegungwa hazvisi zvisizvo kuona kukwirira kwakashata kana kwakanaka, nekuti iyo geodetic modhi yepasi haina kukwana, uye kune kukanganisa uku kunofanirwa kuwedzerwa kukanganisa kuri muGPS. Iko kusanganiswa kwezvikanganiso izvi kunogona kukonzera kutsauka kwepamusoro kweanopfuura 50 metres kune dzimwe nzvimbo 😐.

Iyo geoid modhi yakagadziridzwa, kunyanya, iyo altimetry yakawanikwa semhedzisiro yeGNNS chinzvimbo icharamba isina chokwadi kwemakore akati wandei.

Digital Terrain Model "DTM"

A DTM idhijitari faira inoumbwa negridi, yega yega (square elementary surface) inopa hurefu hunokosha hwepamusoro peiyo grid. Mafungiro eiyo grid saizi yemhando yepamusoro yenyika ndeye 30 m x 90 m. Kuziva nzvimbo yepoindi pamusoro penyika (longitude, latitude), zviri nyore kuwana hurefu hwenzvimbo nekuverenga. iyo DTM faira (kana DTM, Digital Terrain Model muChirungu).

Iko kusakosha kukuru kweDEM kuvimbika kwayo (anomalies, maburi) uye kurongeka kwefaira; Mienzaniso:

• Iyo ASTER DEM inowanikwa ine nhanho (grid kana pixel) ye30 m, yakachinjika ye 30 m uye altimeter ye 20 m.
• Iyo MNT SRTM inowanikwa 90 m spacing (grid kana pixel), ingangoita 16 m altimeter uye 60 m planimetric accuracy.
• Iyo Sonny DEM modhi (Europe) inowanikwa mu1 ° x1 ° increments, i. Mutengesi akaunganidza echokwadi data sosi, iyi DEM ine chokwadi uye inogona kushandiswa "zviri nyore" yeTwoNav uye Garmin GPS kuburikidza nemahara OpenmtbMap mepu.
• IGN DEM 5m x 5m inowanikwa mahara (kubva muna Ndira 2021) mu 1m x 1m kana 5m x 5m nhanho ine 1m yakatwasuka kugadziriswa.

Usavhiringa kugadzirisa (kana kurongeka kweiyo data mufaira) nekurongeka chaiko kweiyo data. Kuverenga (zviyero) zvinogona kuwanikwa kubva kune zviridzwa zvisingatenderi kutarisa pamusoro pepasi kusvika kumamita ari pedyo.

IGN DEM, inowanikwa mahara 🙏 kubva muna Ndira 2021, iri patchwork yekuverenga (zviyero) zvakawanikwa nezviridzwa zvakasiyana. Nzvimbo dzakaongororwa tsvakiridzo dzichangobva kuitika (semuenzaniso njodzi yemafashama) dzakaongororwa pa 1 m resolution, kumwewo kunenge kuri kure nekukosha uku. Nekudaro, mufaira, data rakapindirwa kuti rizadze minda mu5x5m kana 1x1m increments IGN yakatanga chirongwa chepamusoro-chisarudzo chekuvhota nechinangwa chekuvhara zvizere France panosvika 2026, uye pazuva iro, IGN DEM ichave yakarurama. uye yemahara pa1x1x1m nguva. ...

Iyo DEM inoratidza kukwirira kwepasi: kureba kwezvivakwa (zvivakwa, mabhiriji, hedges, nezvimwewo) hazvina kuverengerwa. Musango, uku ndiko kureba kwepasi pasi petsoka dzemiti, pamusoro pemvura ndiyo nzvimbo yegungwa kune madhamu ose makuru kupfuura hekita imwe.

Mapoinzi ese ari musero ane hurefu hwakafanana, saka pamucheto wemawere, nekuda kwekusava nechokwadi kwenzvimbo yefaira, inopfupikiswa nekusaziva kwenzvimbo, kureba kwakabviswa kunogona kunge kwakafanana nesero rakavakidzana.

Iyo GPS yekumisikidza kurongeka pasi peyakanaka yekugamuchira mamiriro ari muhurongwa hwe4,5 m pa90%. Kuita uku kunoonekwa neazvino GPS anogamuchira (GPS + Glonass + Galileo). Nokudaro, kunyatsoita 90 nguva kubva pa100 pakati pe0 ne5 m (denga rakajeka, kusasanganisa masikisi, kusasanganisa canyons, nezvimwewo) yenzvimbo chaiyo. kushandisa DEM ine 1 x 1 m sero hazvibatsiri.nekuti mikana yekuve pane iyo grid chaiyo ichave isingawanzo. Sarudzo iyi icharemedza processor pasina chaiyo yakawedzerwa kukosha!

Kuti uwane DEM inogona kushandiswa mu:

• TwoNav GPS: CDEM pa5m (RGEALTI).

• Garmin GPS: Sonny Database

  Dzidza maitiro ekugadzira yako DEM yeTwoNav GPS. Level curves inogona kubviswa uchishandisa Qgis software.

Sarudza urefu uchishandisa GPS

Imwe mhinduro inogona kunge iri yekuisa iyo DEM faira muGPS navigator, asi iyo urefu inozovimbika chete kana magidhi akaderedzwa muhukuru uye kana faira iri rakarurama zvakakwana (yakatwasuka uye yakatwasuka).

Kuti uwane pfungwa yakanaka yemhando yeDEM, zvakakwana kuti utarise, semuenzaniso, kurerukirwa kwedhamu kana kuvaka nzira inoyambuka dziva uye kuona kukwirira muchikamu che2D.

Mufananidzo: LAND software, maonero eLake Gerardmer mune 3D magnification x XNUMX ine DEM chaiyo. Iyo fungidziro yemameshes pane iyo terrain inoratidza yazvino DEM muganho.

Mufananidzo: LAND chirongwa, maonero eGérardmer lake "BOG" mu2D ine chaiyo DTM.

Zvose zvemazuva ano "zvakanaka zvakanaka" zvishandiso zveGPS zvine kambasi uye digital barometric sensor, saka barometric altimeter; Kushandisa iyi sensor inobvumidza iwe kuti uwane iyo yakaringana kureba chero iwe ukaisa kukwira panzvimbo inozivikanwa (Garmin kurudziro).

Kusakwana kwehurefu hwakapihwa neGPS kubvira pakatanga GPS kwakakurudzira kuvandudzwa kwealgorithms yezvekusanganiswa kweaeronautics inoshandisa barometer urefu uye urefu hweGPS kuti ipe nzvimbo chaiyo yenzvimbo. urefu. Iyo inovimbika kukwirisa mhinduro uye yakasarudzika sarudzo yevagadziri veGPS, yakagadziridzwa yekunze TwoNav kudzidzira. uye Garmin.

PaGarmin, iyo GPS inopa inounzwa zvinoenderana neyemushandisi chimiro (kunze, kuchovha bhasikoro, gomo bhasikoro, nezvimwewo), saka zvakakosha kuti utaure kune evashandisi zvinyorwa uye mushure mekutengesa sevhisi.

Iyo yakakwana mhinduro ndeye kuseta yako GPS kune iyo sarudzo:

• Altitude = Barometer + GPS, kana GPS ichibvumira,
• Altitude = Barometer + DTM (MNT) kana GPS ichibvumira.

Muzviitiko zvese, yeGPS yakashongedzerwa nebarometer, nemaoko isa barometer kune hudiki hwayo painotangira. Mumakomo ⛰ nekufamba kwenguva, marongero anozoda kugadziriswa, kunyanya kana paine kushanduka kwekushisa uye mamiriro ekunze.

Mamwe maGarmin GPS-akagadziridzwa mabhasikoro anogadzirisa otomatiki kukwira kwebarometric munzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzepamusoro, inova mhinduro yakangwara yekuchovha bhasikoro. Zvisinei, mushandisi anofanira kuzivisa, somuenzaniso, asati asiya kureba kwepasi uye pasi pemupata; pakudzoka, musiyano wehurefu uchave wakarurama 👍.

MuBarometer + (GPS kana DTM) modhi, mugadziri anosanganisira otomatiki barometer gadziriso algorithm zvichibva pamusimboti wekuti kusimuka kunoonekwa nebarometer, GPS kana DEM kunofanirwa kuenderana: iyi nheyo inopa kuchinjika kukuru kumushandisi uye inokodzera mabasa ekunze.

Nekudaro, mushandisi anofanirwa kuziva nezve zvisingakwanisi:

• Iyo GPS yakavakirwa pane geoid, saka kana mushandisi akafamba nepakati penzvimbo yekugadzira (semuenzaniso, kune slag dumps), zvigadziriso zvinozokanganiswa,
• Iyo DEM inoratidza nzira iri pasi, kana mushandisi akakwereta chikamu chakakosha chezvivakwa zvevanhu (viaduct, bhiriji, mabhiriji evanofamba netsoka, tunnel, nezvimwewo), zvigadziriso zvichagadziriswa.

Naizvozvo, iyo yakakwana nzira yekuwana iyo chaiyo kukwirira kwekuwedzera ndeiyi inotevera:

1️⃣ Gadzirisa barometric sensor pakutanga. Pasina iyi yekumisikidza, marefu achashandurwa (kuchinjika), mutsauko muzinga uchave wakarurama kana kukukurwa nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze kuri kudiki (nzira ipfupi kunze kwemakomo). Kune vashandisi veGPS yemhuri yeGarmin, "gpx" marefu anoshandiswa naGarmin neStrava kunharaunda, saka zviri nani kuisa iyo chaiyo yekumusoro mbiri mudhatabhesi.

2️⃣ Kudzikisa kudonha (kukanganisa mukukwirira nekukwirira) nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze panzendo refu (> 1 awa) uye mumakomo:

• Tarisa pakusarudza Barometer + GPS, nzvimbo dzekunze dzine rubatsiro rwekugadzira (nzvimbo dzekurasira, zvikomo zvekugadzira, nezvimwewo),
• Tarisa pakusarudza Barometer + DTM (MNT)kana wakaisa IGN DTM (5 x 5 m grid) kana Sonny DTM (France kana Europe) kunze kwenzira inoshandisa chikamu chikuru chezvivakwa (mabhiriji evanofamba netsoka, overpasses, nezvimwewo).

Kugadzira mutsauko wehurefu

Dambudziko rekukwirira rinotsanangurwa mumitsara yapfuura rinowanzozviratidza mushure mekuona kuti mutsauko wekukwirira pakati pevarapi vaviri wakasiyana kana kuti unosiyana zvichienderana nekuti inoverengwa paGPS kana mukushandiswa seSTRAVA (ona STRAVA rubatsiro) somuenzaniso.

Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kuchinjisa GPS yako kuti ipe iyo yakavimbika kukwirira.

Zviri nyore kuwana mutsauko mumatanho nekuverenga mepu, kazhinji murapi anogumira pakuona mutsauko uripo pakati pemapoinzi ehukuru hwakanyanya, kunyangwe, kunyatsojeka, zvinodikanwa kuverenga iyo yakanaka contour mitsara kuti uwane iyo sum. .

Iko hakuna mitsara yakachinjika mudhijitari faira, iyo GPS software, track yekuronga application, kana yekuongorora software inogadzirirwa "kuunganidza nhanho kana kukwirira kwekuwedzera".

Kazhinji "hapana kuunganidza" inogona kugadzirwa:

• muTwoNav sarudzo dzekuseta dzakajairika kune ese GPS
• paGamin unofanirwa kubvunza bhuku remushandisi uye mushure mekutengesa-sevhisi (modhi yega yega ine hunhu hwayo zvinoenderana neyakajairwa mushandisi chimiro)
• iyo OpenTraveller app ine sarudzo inoratidza kugadzirisa kunzwisiswa kwekuona mutsauko wehurefu.

Munhu wese ane solution yake 💡.

Mawebhusaiti kana software yekuongorora online edza kutsiva urefu kubva ku "gpx" mafaera ane yavo yehurefu data.

Muenzaniso: STRAVA yakagadzira faira re "native" altimetry rakagadzirwa uchishandisa makwishu anotorwa kubva kumateki akatorwa kubva. GPS inozivikanwa kune STRAVA uye yakashongedzerwa nebarometric sensor.Iyo mhinduro yakagamuchirwa inofungidzira kuti GPS inozivikanwa kune STRAVA, saka panguva ino inonyanya kuwanikwa kubva kuGARMIN range, uye kuvimbika kwefaira kunotora kuti mushandisi wega wega akatarisira manual altitude reset. .

Kana zviri zvezvinoshanda, dambudziko rinomuka kunyanya panguva yekufamba kweboka, nekuti mumwe nemumwe anotora chikamu 🚵 anogona kuona kuti mutsauko wavo wekukwirira wakasiyana nedanho revamwe vatori vechikamu, zvichienderana nerudzi rwavo rweGPS, kana mushandisi anoda kuziva asinganzwisise. nei musiyano uri GPS urefu, kuongorora software kana STRAVA yakasiyana.

Munyika yakanyatsocheneswa STRAVA, nhengo dzese dzeGPS GARMIN mushandisi boka dzinofanira kuona hupamhi hwakafanana paGPS yavo uye paSTRAVA yavo. Zvinonzwisisika kuti mutsauko unogona kutsanangurwa chete nekugadzirisa kwekukwirira, zvisinei hapana chinosimbisa mutsauko wehurefu wakashumwa wakarurama.

Zvine musoro kuti nhengo yeboka iri revashandisi ine GPS isingazivikanwe kuSTRAVA inofanirwa kuona musiyano wakafanana wehurefu paSTRAVA sevabatsiri vake, kunyangwe mutsauko wenhanho unoratidzwa neGPS yake wakasiyana. Anogona kupomera midziyo yake, iyo inoshanda nemazvo.

Iyo yepedyo kukosha kwechokwadi yemusiyano wehurefu ichiri kuwanikwa muFRANCE kana BELGIUM kana uchiverenga IGN kadhi., kumisikidzwa kweiyo geoid yepamusoro kunozofambisa zvishoma nezvishoma chiratidzo cheGNSS

GNSS: Geolocation uye Navigation Uchishandisa Satellite System: Kuona chinzvimbo uye kumhanya kwenzvimbo pamusoro kana munzvimbo yepedyo yePasi nekugadzirisa masaini eredhiyo kubva kune akati wandei ekugadzira satellite anogamuchirwa panguva iyoyo.

Kana iwe uchida kuvimba nesoftware kana application kuti uwane musiyano wekumusoro, iwe unofanirwa kugadzirisa iyi software kuti ugadzirise kuunganidza nhanho kukosha zvinoenderana neiyo contour mitsetse yeIGN mepu yesaiti, kureva, 5 kana 10 m. Nhanho diki inoshanduka kuita donhwe kusvetuka kwese kudiki kana kuchinjika kune mabumps, uye zvinopesana, nhanho yakakwira kwazvo ichadzima kukwira kwezvikomo zvidiki.

Mushure mekushandisa kurudziro idzi, kuyedza kwemunyori kunoratidza kuti kukwirira kwakakwirira kunowanikwa uchishandisa GPS kana yekuongorora software ine DEM yakavimbika inoramba iri mukati meiyo "chaiyo" renji, tichifunga kuti iyo IGN mepu inewo zvayo kusavimbikazvichienzaniswa nefungidziro yakawanikwa neiyo IGN kadhi 1 / 25.

Kune rimwe divi, kukosha kwakaburitswa neSTRAVA kunowanzo kuwedzeredzwa. Iyo nzira inoshandiswa naSTRAVA, yakavakirwa pa "mhinduro" kubva kuvashandisi, inobvumidza iwe kufanotaura kukurumidza kuchinjika kune hutsika huri padyo nechokwadi, icho, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevashanyi, inofanira kutoitika muBikePark. kana makwara akabatikana zvikuru!

Kuenzanisira pfungwa iyi nenzira chaiyo, heino ongororo yenjanji, yakatorwa chero, mumugwagwa wakareba makiromita makumi maviri. Iyo "barometric" GPS altitude yakaiswa isati yasimuka, inopa "Barometric + GPS" urefu, iyo DTM iDTM yakavimbika yakagadziridzwa kuti ive yakarurama. Isu tiri kunze kwenzvimbo iyo STRAVA yaigona kuve yakavimbika kukwidziridzwa chimiro.

Uyu mufananidzo wetrack apo musiyano uripo pakati peIGN neGPS uri mukuru uye mutsauko uripo pakati peIGN neSTRAVA ndiwo mudiki. kureba pakati peGPS neSTRAVA i80m, uye yechokwadi "IGN" iri pakati pavo.

Heights
Depart	Kusvika	Max	min	kureba	Kutsauka / IGN
GPS (Bar + GPS)	122	124	150	98	198	-30
Kugadziriswa kwehurefu paDTM	122	122	150	98	198	-30
ZVOKUDYA	280	+ 51
IGN makadhi	122	122	148	99	228,5	0