Yakareruka mukugadzira uye yakachipa maviri-stroke injini - musimboti wekushanda ndeye maviri-sitiroko. Yakasiyana sei nejini ine-midhudhudhu? Iwe une XNUMX sitiroko dhiziri?

Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, injini ine-maviri-stroke ine mitsetse miviri pamutambo. Ndezvekumanikidza uye kushanda. Iyo ina-stroke dhizaini inewo kutora uye kupera simba. Iyi nzira yekushanda kwemayuniti emagetsi yakabatsira mukurerutsa kwawo mukuenzanisa nemagadzirirwo einjini ina-marokero. Zvisinei, ine zvipingamupinyi zvayo. Zvine mabhenefiti zvakare here? Zvichiri kukosha kuisa injini dzakadaro? Tichapa mhinduro yakajeka kumibvunzo iyi!

Maviri-stroke injini - dhizaini dhizaini

Mune chero injini yepiston, kamuri rinopisa rinoita basa rinokosha, uye iyi nyaya haisi iyo. Mukati mekamuri, piston iri padanda rekubatanidza inodzokorora. Injini ye-two-stroke inowanzogadzirirwa ne carburetor, kunyange zvazvo kune zvikamu zvine magetsi emagetsi ejekiseni. Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha ndeye crankcase, iyo ine basa rekugadzira vacuum uye kufamba kweanopisa mumiriri. Mune 2-stroke yemukati inopisa injini, hongu, pane cylinder musoro. Kune zvakare inlet, pressure uye outlet channels. Makenduru anoiswawo mumusoro.

Chii chinoshaikwa muinjini ine-two-stroke? Iine nguva yakafanana neinjini yechina yesitiroko?

Kana ichienzaniswa neinjini yechina-stroke, injini ine-maviri inoshaya zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakakosha. Ndezve:

• humburumbira mavharuvhu;
• muunganidzi wemafuta;
• timing system.

Sei zvinhu izvi zvisipo muzvikamu zvakatsanangurwa? Mavharuvhu haadiwe nekuti kufamba kwepiston kune basa rekuvhara nekuvhura iyo yekupinda uye yekupedza madoko. Kazhinji kuvapo kwavo hakudiwi. Sump yemafuta haidiwi, sezvo zvikamu zvekushanda zvakasvibiswa nemafuta ari mumafuta-mhepo musanganiswa. Nguva yacho haizivikanwi kubva ku4-stroke units, nokuti iri nyore sezvinobvira.

Nheyo yekushanda kwejini-stroke injini - tsanangudzo

Kuti injini ine-two-stroke iite basa rayo, inofanira kugamuchira simba. Kutenderera kwebasa kunotanga paBDC yepiston. Sezvo ichidzika pasi, vacuum inogadzirwa mu crankcase yakazadzwa nemusanganiswa. Apo piston inokwira kumusoro, exhaust uye madoko ekupinda anovharwa. Panguva ino, musanganiswa unomanikidzwa uye unopisa. Chii chinoitika kana piston ikapfuura TDC? Inotungamirirwa pasi uye mugero wekupedza wakazaruka, kuburikidza nemagasi emhepo anobuda kunze. Iwo magasi akaunganidzwa mu crankcase anoburitsa zvakawandisa kubva mukamuri yekupisa, kuchenesa chiteshi chekuburitsa.

Ndezvipi zvakanakira injini ine-maviri?

Mune dzimwe motokari, maviri-stroke injini dzakakurumbira nekuda kwekureruka kwekugadzira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvikamu zvakawanda hazvifanirwe kugadzirwa, zvichikonzera kuderera kwemitengo yekugadzira. Mukuwedzera, mayuniti anoshanda mumaviri-stroke mode, sekutonga, ane simba rakawanda uye torque. Kushaikwa kwepani yemafuta kunoreva kuti vanogona kushanda mune chero chinzvimbo, kwete kusimuka. Kutanga injini yakadaro zvakare iri nyore kwazvo. Iyo unit inokurumidza kusvika pakushanda tembiricha, inova imwe mukana.

Zvishoma Zvakaipa zveTwo-Stroke Injini

Saka, kana zvikamu zve2T (ndizvo zvinodaidzwa kuti ma-stroke maviri) aine mabhenefiti akawanda ari pachena, nei asina kugovaniswa zvakanaka? Chikonzero chikuru zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza. Injini ye-4-stroke inopisa mafuta akawanda kupfuura injini yeXNUMX-stroke uye inobudisa yakawanda inokuvadza. Vashandisi vemotokari vanotarisirawo kushanda kwakanyarara (kunze kwemayuniti emitambo). Kune rumwe rutivi, maviri-maviri emhando ane ruzha, uye iyi yakakura kwazvo minus kune varidzi vemotokari.

Diesel maviri-stroke - zvinogoneka here?

Injini yedhiziri haizombovi mbiri-sitiroko. Pane zvinhu zviviri zvekusiyanisa injini yedhiziri uye injini yedhiziri. Injini yekutanga inogona zvakare kumhanya pamafuta edhiziri mumatenderedzwa maviri. Nekudaro, kutenderera kwedhiziri kunosanganisira 4 shanduko: maviri adiabatic, isochoric uye isobaric. Naizvozvo, iyo hunhu dhiziri kutenderera inongogoneka kune 4-stroke zvikamu. Diziel mbiri? Aihwa. Diziel mbiri? Ehe.

Injini mbiri-stroke - ndeipi mafuta yaanogona kushandisa?

Dhizaini inonakidza iyo unit kubva kuCummins uye Achates. Iyo simba unit injini-maviri ane mapistoni mana e4 silinda. Dzinofamba dzakatarisana, uye chimiro chese chinomhanya pamafuta edhiziri. Zvisinei, mushure mekugadzirisa kuduku, injini yemagetsi maviri inogonawo kushanda peturu, gasi kana hydrogen. Kare, dhizaini yepakati nepakati yaifambiswawo nedoro neparafini.

Ndingawane kupi maviri-stroke?

Nhasi iwe uchawana maviri-maroke injini mu:

• mowers;
• scooters;
• midhudhudhu midiki;
• peturu masaha. 

Sezvineiwo, iyo yakanyanya simba unit munyika Wartsila-Sulzer RTA96-C zvakare ine-maviri injini uye inoburitsa 109 hp. Nekudaro, haufanirwe kusangana naye, nekuti basa rake ndere kubata ngarava dzemidziyo. Chimwe chinonakidza ndechekuti chikwata ichi chinoshandisa Common Rail power system. Iyi sisitimu yakabatsira kudzikisira kukuru kwekubuda kwetsvina uye kuita kwakanaka pakubudirira.

Nzira yekushandisa sei injini yemagetsi maviri?

Iwe une bhurashi rekuchekwa, scooter kana mudhudhudhu une injini inorova maviri? Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekusarudzwa kwemafuta. Shandisa inokurudzirwa nemudziyo kana mugadziri wemuchina. Izvo zvakakoshawo zvikuru kuti injini ye-two-stroke inoitwa musanganiswa wemafuta-mafuta ane chiyero chakasiyana pane panguva yekushanda. Zvikasadaro, kusimba kwezvinhu zvekukwenya muinjini kunoderera zvakanyanya.

Paunenge uchishanda 2T injini, zvakakosha kushandisa musanganiswa mukati memazuva gumi nemana. Mushure menguva iyi, mafuta ari mupeturu anochinja maitiro ayo ekuzora uye anoita kuti injini ipfeke.Injini yemastroke maviri ichadzoka here? Iyo Cummins uye Achates dhizaini muenzaniso humbowo hwekuti maviri-stroke injini haisati yafa. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vacharamba vachishandiswa mumachina ane simba emvura uye mota diki dzekushandisa uye midhudhudhu. Nekuda kweizvi, zvakatooma kutarisira kurwadziwa kwavo kwekupedzisira. Asi vachadzokera kumotokari zvachose here? Zvakaoma kutaura chokwadi, asi ruzha rwavanoita kazhinji runodzima vagadziri nevatyairi.

Maviri-stroke injini - dhizaini dhizaini

Mune chero injini yepiston, kamuri rinopisa rinoita basa rinokosha, uye iyi nyaya haisi iyo. Mukati mekamuri, piston iri padanda rekubatanidza inodzokorora. Injini ye-two-stroke inowanzogadzirirwa ne carburetor, kunyange zvazvo kune zvikamu zvine magetsi emagetsi ejekiseni. Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha ndeye crankcase, iyo ine basa rekugadzira vacuum uye kufamba kweanopisa mumiriri. Mune 2-stroke yemukati inopisa injini, hongu, pane cylinder musoro. Kune zvakare inlet, pressure uye outlet channels. Makenduru anoiswawo mumusoro.

Chii chinoshaikwa muinjini ine-two-stroke?

Kuenzaniswa ne4-stroke injini, XNUMX-stroke injini inoshaya akati wandei akakosha zvikamu. Ndezve:

• humburumbira mavharuvhu;
• muunganidzi wemafuta;
• timing system.

Sei zvinhu izvi zvisipo muzvikamu zvakatsanangurwa? Mavharuvhu haadiwe nekuti piston ine basa rekuvhara nekuvhura iyo yekupinda uye yekupedza madoko. Kazhinji kuvapo kwavo hakudiwi. Sump yemafuta haidiwi, sezvo zvikamu zvekushanda zvakasvibiswa nemafuta ari mumafuta-mhepo musanganiswa. Nguva yacho haizivikanwi kubva ku4-stroke units, nokuti iri nyore sezvinobvira.

Nheyo yekushanda kwejini-stroke injini - tsanangudzo

Kuti injini ine-two-stroke iite basa rayo, inofanira kugamuchira simba. Kutenderera kwebasa kunotanga paBDC yepiston. Sezvo ichidzika pasi, vacuum inogadzirwa mu crankcase yakazadzwa nemusanganiswa. Apo piston inokwira kumusoro, exhaust uye madoko ekupinda anovharwa. Panguva ino, musanganiswa unomanikidzwa uye unopisa. Chii chinoitika kana piston ikapfuura TDC? Inotungamirirwa pasi uye mugero wekupedza wakazaruka, kuburikidza nemagasi emhepo anobuda kunze. Iwo magasi akaunganidzwa mu crankcase anoburitsa zvakawandisa kubva mukamuri yekupisa, kuchenesa chiteshi chekuburitsa.

Ndezvipi zvakanakira injini ine-maviri?

Mune dzimwe motokari, maviri-stroke injini dzakakurumbira nekuda kwekureruka kwekugadzira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvikamu zvakawanda hazvifanirwe kugadzirwa, zvichikonzera kuderera kwemitengo yekugadzira. Mukuwedzera, mayuniti anoshanda mumaviri-stroke mode, sekutonga, ane simba rakawanda uye torque. Kushaikwa kwepani yemafuta kunoreva kuti vanogona kushanda mune chero chinzvimbo, kwete kusimuka. Kutanga injini yakadaro zvakare iri nyore kwazvo. Iyo unit inokurumidza kusvika pakushanda tembiricha, inova imwe mukana.

Zvishoma Zvakaipa zveTwo-Stroke Injini

Saka, kana zvikamu zve2T (ndizvo zvinodaidzwa kuti ma-stroke maviri) aine mabhenefiti akawanda ari pachena, nei asina kugovaniswa zvakanaka? Chikonzero chikuru zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza. Injini ye-4-stroke inopisa mafuta akawanda kupfuura injini yeXNUMX-stroke uye inobudisa yakawanda inokuvadza. Vashandisi vemotokari vanotarisirawo kushanda kwakanyarara (kunze kwemayuniti emitambo). Kune rumwe rutivi, maviri-maviri emhando ane ruzha, uye iyi yakakura kwazvo minus kune varidzi vemotokari.

Diesel maviri-stroke - zvinogoneka here?

Injini yedhiziri haizombovi mbiri-sitiroko. Pane zvinhu zviviri zvekusiyanisa injini yedhiziri uye injini yedhiziri. Yekutanga yavo, nekuda kwemafuta edhiziri, inogonawo kushanda mumaviri maviri ekushanda. Nekudaro, kutenderera kwedhiziri kunosanganisira 4 shanduko: maviri adiabatic, isochoric uye isobaric. Naizvozvo, iyo hunhu dhiziri kutenderera inongogoneka kune 4-stroke zvikamu. Diziel mbiri? Aihwa. Diziel mbiri? Ehe.

Injini mbiri-stroke - ndeipi mafuta yaanogona kushandisa?

Dhizaini inonakidza iyo unit kubva kuCummins uye Achates. Iyo simba unit injini-maviri ane mapistoni mana e4 silinda. Dzinofamba dzakatarisana, uye chimiro chese chinomhanya pamafuta edhiziri. Zvisinei, mushure mekugadzirisa kuduku, injini yemagetsi maviri inogonawo kushanda peturu, gasi kana hydrogen. Kare, dhizaini yepakati nepakati yaifambiswawo nedoro neparafini.

Ndingawane kupi injini yesitiroko?

Nhasi iwe uchawana maviri-maroke injini mu:

• mowers;
• scooters;
• midhudhudhu midiki;
• peturu masaha. 

Sezvineiwo, iyo yakanyanya simba unit munyika Wartsila-Sulzer RTA96-C zvakare ine-maviri injini uye inoburitsa 109 hp. Nekudaro, haufanirwe kusangana naye, nekuti basa rake ndere kubata ngarava dzemidziyo. Chimwe chinonakidza ndechekuti chikwata ichi chinoshandisa Common Rail power system. Iyi sisitimu yakabatsira kudzikisira kukuru kwekubuda kwetsvina uye kuita kwakanaka pakubudirira.

Nzira yekushandisa sei injini yemagetsi maviri?

Iwe une bhurashi rekuchekwa, scooter kana mudhudhudhu une injini inorova maviri? Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekusarudzwa kwemafuta. Shandisa inokurudzirwa nemudziyo kana mugadziri wemuchina. Izvo zvakakoshawo zvikuru kuti injini ye-two-stroke inoitwa musanganiswa wemafuta-mafuta ane chiyero chakasiyana pane panguva yekushanda. Zvikasadaro, kusimba kwezvinhu zvekukwenya muinjini kunoderera zvakanyanya.

Paunenge uchishanda 2T injini, zvakakosha kushandisa musanganiswa mukati memazuva gumi nemana. Mushure menguva iyi, mafuta ari mupeturu anochinja maitiro ayo ekuzora uye anoita kuti injini ipfeke.Injini yemastroke maviri ichadzoka here? Iyo Cummins uye Achates dhizaini muenzaniso humbowo hwekuti maviri-stroke injini haisati yafa. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vacharamba vachishandiswa mumachina ane simba emvura uye mota diki dzekushandisa uye midhudhudhu. Nekuda kweizvi, zvakatooma kutarisira kurwadziwa kwavo kwekupedzisira. Asi vachadzokera kumotokari zvachose here? Zvakaoma kutaura chokwadi, asi ruzha rwavanoita kazhinji runodzima vagadziri nevatyairi.