Manual transmission - robhoti giya

Irobhoti bhokisi ndeye "inoenderera mberi" yenguva-yakaedzwa "mechanics". Chinokosha chebasa rayo ndechekusunungura mutyairi kubva pakugara achichinja magiya. Mukufambisa kwemanyorero, izvi zvinoitwa ne "robhoti" - yakakosha microprocessor control unit.

Iyo robotic unit yakarongedzwa zvakapusa: ndeye standard manual transmission (manual box), clutch uye shift masisitimu, pamwe neazvino microprocessor uye akati wandei ma sensors. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti kufambisa kwemanyorero ndeye otomatiki kutapurirana, zvisinei, maererano nemusimboti wekushanda uye mudziyo wakajairika, robhoti dhizaini iri padyo ne "mechanics" pane "otomatiki". Kunyangwe paine imwe inovaka yakafanana neye otomatiki kutapurirana - uku ndiko kuvepo kweclutch mubhokisi pachayo, uye kwete pane flywheel. Uye zvakare, iwo achangoburwa modhi dzemotokari dzine manyorerwo ekufambisa dzakashongedzerwa nemakumbo maviri kamwechete.

Zvikamu zvikuru zvechinyorwa chekufambisa

Mabhokisi ekutanga erobhoti akatanga kuiswa pamotokari muma1990. Muchokwadi, "marobhoti" akadaro aive akajairwa manyorerwo ekufambisa, magiya chete uye clutch mukati mawo aishandurwa nehydraulic kana magetsi madhiraivha. Mayuniti akadaro akaiswa pamotokari dzevazhinji automaker uye yaive yakachipa imwe nzira kune inodhura "muchina". "Marobhoti" akadaro aive nekamwechete clutch disc uye aiwanzoshanda nekunonoka kwekuchinja, nekuda kwekuti mota yaifamba mu "ragged" nzira yekufamba, zvaive zvakaoma kupedzisa kupfuura uye kusatombobatana nerukova. Muindasitiri yemazuva ano yemotokari, single-disk manual transmissions haisati yashandiswa.

Nhasi, vagadziri veauto kutenderera pasirese vari kushandisa yechipiri chizvarwa cherobhoti giya mabhokisi - anonzi DSG magiya mabhokisi ane maviri maclutches (Direct Shift Gearbox). Izvo chaizvo zvekushanda kweDSG robhoti bhokisi ndezvekuti nepo giya rimwe richimhanya, rinotevera rakatogadzirira zvachose shanduko. Nekuda kweizvi, DSG manual transmission inoshanda nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, kunyangwe mutyairi wehunyanzvi haakwanise kushandura magiya nekukurumidza pa "mechanics". Maererano nevaongorori vemusika, mune ramangwana, clutch pedal yekudzora mota ichanyangarika, sezvo zviri nyore uye zviri nyore kudzora mota kuburikidza nekuedza kwerobhoti.

Iyo robhoti giya bhokisi ine DSG zvakare yakaunganidzwa zvinoenderana nemuchina musimboti, asi ine maviri drive shafts (tsvimbo), uye kwete imwe. Uyezve, idzi shafts dziri imwe mune imwe. Tsvimbo yekunze ine mhango, shaft yekutanga inopinzwa mairi. Pane imwe neimwe yadzo pane magiya emadhiraivha akasiyana:

• kunze - magiya ekutyaira kwe2, 4th uye 6th giya;
• mukati - magiya ekutyaira kwekutanga, 1, 3 uye reverse magiya.

Imwe neimwe shaft yeDSG "robhoti" inoshongedzerwa neyayo clutch. Kugonesa / kudzima clutch, pamwe nekufambisa masynchronizers mubhokisi, actuators anoshandiswa - iyo clutch uye gear shift system. Zvimiro, iyo actuator imota yemagetsi ine giya bhokisi. Mamwe mhando dzemotokari dzakashongedzerwa ne hydraulic actuator muchimiro che hydraulic cylinder.

Iyo huru node yemanyorero ekufambisa neDSG ndeye microprocessor control unit. Sensors kubva injini uye emagetsi anoshanda ekuchengetedza masisitimu akabatanidzwa kwairi: ABS, ESP nevamwe. Kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa, iyo microprocessor unit inowanikwa munyaya ye-on-board komputa. Iyo data kubva kuma sensors inotumirwa nekukurumidza kune iyo microprocessor, iyo inongoerekana "ita sarudzo" pane kumusoro / kudzika.

Zvakanakira zve "robhoti"

Vamwe vatyairi vaneta nekugara vachichinja-chinja magiya pamota dzine mabook transmission, vanoda kutenga mota ine automatic transmission. Asi iyi ishanduro inodhura. Kuenzanisa: mamodheru akaunzwa kuFavorit Motors showroom ane imwechete simba unit anogona kusarudzwa ese ane "mechanics" uye "otomatiki" magiya mabhokisi, zvisinei, mutengo wavo uchasiyana zvakanyanya. Motokari ine otomatiki transmission ichave inodhura kupfuura "mechanics" ne70-100 zviuru rubles kana kupfuura, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa uye modhi yemotokari.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, motokari ine DSG manual transmission inogona kuva mhinduro yakakodzera: iyi imhando ye "budget" version ye otomatiki transmission. Mukuwedzera, "robhoti" yakadaro inochengetedza zvose zvakanakira zvekufambisa kwemanyore:

• hupfumi mukushandiswa kwemafuta;
• nyore kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa;
• kushanda kwepamusoro kunyangwe kune yakanyanya torque.

Izvo zvakasarudzika zvebasa re RPPP

Paunenge uchitanga mukufambisa kwemanyorero, senge mune dhizaini, zvinodikanwa kuti ubatanidze zvakanaka clutch. Mutyairi anongoda kudzvanya switch lever, uyezve robhoti chete ndiro richashanda. Kutungamirwa nechiratidzo chakagamuchirwa kubva kune actuator, iyo microprocessor inotanga kutenderedza giya bhokisi, semhedzisiro iyo yekutanga clutch inobatwa pane yekutanga (yemukati) shaft yebhokisi remotokari. Kupfuurirazve, sezvainokura, iyo actuator inovhara giya rekutanga uye inotyaira giya rinotevera pane yekunze shaft - yechipiri giya inobatwa. Zvichingoenda zvakadaro.

Nyanzvi dzeFavorit Motors Boka reMakambani dzinocherekedza kuti nhasi, vazhinji vanogadzira mota, semapurojekiti matsva ari kuitwa, vanounza kuvandudzwa kwavo uye kushanda kwavo mukushanda kwebhuku rekufambisa. Marobhoti egiya mabhokisi ane yakanyanya kuchinjika kumhanya uye kuvandudza kuvandudzwa kwave kuiswa pamotokari dzemhando dzakawanda. Semuyenzaniso, Favorit Motors ine mota dzeFord Fiesta dzakashongedzerwa ese ari maviri echinyakare giya bhokisi uye 6-kumhanya robhoti imwe.

Zvimiro zveDSG robhoti giya

Mabatiro maviri akazvimirira anobatsira kudzivirira jerks uye kunonoka panguva yekushanda kwe "robhoti", inovandudza hunhu hwemotokari uye inopa kutyaira kwakagadzikana. Nekuda kwekuvapo kweaviri clutch, giya rinotevera rinobatika apo giya rekare richiri kubatwa, izvo zvinoita kuti shanduko yacho ienderere mberi uye inochengetedza zvizere kudhonza uye kuchengetedza mafuta. Yekutanga clutch inosanganisira kunyange magiya, uye yechipiri - isinganzwisisike.

Preselective robotic zvikamu zvakaonekwa muma1980, asi zvakazoshandiswa chete mujaho uye rally mota Peugeot, Audi, Porsche. Uye nhasi, iro robhoti DSG dual-clutch transmission ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka otomatiki kutapurirana iyo inoshandiswa pamotokari dzakagadzirwa-zhinji. "Roboti" ine DSG inopa yakawedzera kukurumidza mwero kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa "otomatiki" bhokisi, pamwe nekuwedzera hupfumi hwekushandisa mafuta (anenge 10% mashoma mafuta anoshandiswa). Izvo zvakakosha kuti magiya ari pa "robhoti" akadaro anogona zvakare kuchinjika nemaoko uchishandisa iyo Tiptronic system kana yekutungamirira column paddle.

DSG "marobhoti" ane 6 kana 7 gear shift stages. Ivo vanozivikanwawo nemamwe mazita ekutengeserana - S-tronic, PDK, SST, DSG, PSG (zvichienderana nemugadziri wemotokari). Yekutanga DSG gearbox yakaonekwa muna 2003 pane akati wandei emhando dzeVolkswagen Group mota; yaive nematanho matanhatu. Gare gare, dhizaini dzakafanana dzakatanga kushandiswa mumitsara yeanenge ese anogadzira mota munyika.

Iyo nhanhatu-inomhanya DSG bhokisi inoshanda pane yakanyorova clutch. Ane clutch block yakanyudzwa mune inotonhorera ine frictional properties. Mabatiro ari mu "robhoti" akadaro anodzorwa ne hydraulically. DSG 6 ine yakanyanya kupfeka kuramba, inoiswa pamotokari dzekirasi D uye pamusoro.

Iyo manomwe-speed DSG "robhoti" inosiyana ne "nhanhatu-kumhanya" pakuti ine "yakaoma" clutch, iyo inodzorwa nepombi yemagetsi. Iyo DSG 7 bhokisi inoda zvishoma zvishoma kutapurirana mvura uye inowedzera kugona kwemota. Mabhuku akadaro ekufambisa anowanzo kuiswa pamotokari yediki uye yepakati kirasi (B uye C), iyo injini ine torque inopfuura 250 Hm.

Kurudziro dzeFavorit Motors nyanzvi pakutyaira mota ine bhuku rekufambisa

Iyo DSG robhoti bhokisi inoratidza kuita kwakaringana musanganiswa neaviri injini dzine simba uye bhajeti mota. Kufanana pakati perobhoti giya bhokisi uye otomatiki giya bhokisi rinongori rekunze, asi maererano nemusimboti wekushanda kwechinyorwa chekufambisa, uku ndiko kuenderera kwetsika dzakanakisa dze "mechanics". Nokudaro, kana uchityaira motokari ne "robhoti", Favorit Motors motokari yebasa masters inokurudzira kutevera mimwe mitemo iri nyore. Izvi zvichaita kuti zvikwanise kunonoka basa rekugadzirisa muchigadzirwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira uye, kazhinji, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemazuva ano kwemaitiro.

• Inokurudzirwa kukurumidza zvishoma nezvishoma, pasina kuora mwoyo gasi pedal neinopfuura hafu.
• Kana pane kusimuka kwenguva refu, zvino zvinonyanya kukosha kushandura bhokisi kune manual mode uye sarudza yakaderera gear.
• Kana zvichibvira, sarudza kutyaira modhi umo iyo clutch iri mu disengaged mode.
• Paunenge uchimira pamarobhoti, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uchinje kune kwawakarerekera pane kubata brake pedal.
• Paunenge uchityaira uchitenderera neguta panguva dzekumhanya-mhanya uchigara uchimira zvipfupi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uchinje kune manual mode uye kutyaira chete mugiya rekutanga.

Vatyairi vane hunyanzvi uye nyanzvi dzenzvimbo yebasa vanopa zano kushandisa kurudziro iyi paunenge uchityaira mota ine manyorerwo ekufambisa kuitira kuchengetedza kushanda kwenguva refu kwebhokisi pacharo uye clutch.

Nuances mubasa reRKPP

Robhoti giya bhokisi imhando nyowani yedhizaini, uye nekudaro, kana paine kuparara kana chero zvikanganiso mubasa, muridzi wemota anofanira kuziva chaiko kwekutendeukira kune rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi.

Favorit Motors Boka reMakambani rinoita kuongororwa kwekombuta uye kugadzirisa kwakakodzera kwebhokisi re "robhoti" kana paine zvinotevera kukanganisa mukutonga:

• pakuchinja magiya, jerks dzinonzwa;
• kana uchishandura kune giya rezasi, kuvhunduka kunoonekwa;
• kufamba kunoitwa zvakarongeka, asi bhokisi rekusashanda zvakanaka rinovhenekera pane panhi.

Nyanzvi dzinokwanisa dzinoita diagnostics yebhobhoti bhokisi, sensors, actuators, wiring uye zvimwe zvinhu, mushure mezvo vanobvisa zvikanganiso zviripo munguva pfupi. Izvo zvakakosha kushandisa yazvino yekuongorora michina uye yakamanikana-profile maturusi kuitira nemazvo kuita chero kuvhiya. Mutengo-mhando yechiyero muFavorit Motors yakakwana, uye saka varidzi vemota dzine manyorerwo ekufambisa vanogona kuvimba nenyanzvi pasina kupokana.

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