Mabhureki maitiro uye masisitimu emotokari
Zviri mukati
Sezvinoreva zita rayo, mabhureki mashandiro anoita mabhureki mumotokari, ndiko kuti, inodzivirira vhiri kubva kutenderera kuitira kuderedza kumhanya kana kumisa zvachose. Parizvino, ma automaker mazhinji anoshandisa rudzi rwekukwenya kwezvishandiso zvemabhureki, musimboti weiyo kuronga simba rekukwesha pakati pezvinotenderera uye zvakamira zvinhu.
Kazhinji, mabhureki anowanikwa mukati memukati megumbo pachayo, mune iyo mamiriro akadaro inonzi vhiri mechanism. Kana iyo braking mudziyo inosanganisirwa mukutapurirana (kuseri kwegiya bhokisi), iyo michina inonzi transmission.
Pasinei nenzvimbo uye chimiro chezvikamu zvinotenderera, chero nzira yebhureki yakagadzirirwa kugadzira iyo yakanyanya kunaka braking torque, iyo isingaenderane nekupfeka kwezvikamu, kuvapo kwe condensate pamusoro pemapadhi kana dhigirii ravo rekupisa. panguva yekurwisana. Chinodiwa chekukurumidza kushanda kwemuchina dhizaini yedhizaini ine diki gap pakati pezviviri zvinosangana. Munguva yekushanda kwenguva refu, kukosha kwegap iri kuchawedzera nguva dzose nekuda kwekupfeka.
Mhando nhatu dzemabhureki masisitimu mumotokari
Nhasi, mota dzese dzakashongedzerwa nemhando nhatu dzemabhureki michina. Kuti ubudirire uye zvakachengeteka kutyaira mota, unofanirwa kushandisa anotevera marudzi emabhureki masisitimu:
- Kushanda. Ndiyo iyi sisitimu inopa kudzikiswa kwekumhanya mumugwagwa uye inovimbisa kumira kwakazara kwemotokari.
- spare. Inoshandiswa muchiitiko icho, nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, hurongwa hwekushanda hwakakundikana. Nekushanda, inoshanda nenzira imwechete seyekushanda, ndiko kuti, inoita braking uye kumisa motokari. Zvimiro, inogona kuitwa seyakazara otomatiki sisitimu kana kuve chikamu chekushanda.
- Parking. Inoshandiswa kudzikamisa nzvimbo yemotokari panguva yekupaka kwenguva yakareba.
Mumotokari dzemazuva ano, itsika kushandisa kwete matatu chete marudzi emabhureki masisitimu, asiwo akasiyana-siyana anobatsira masisitimu akagadzirirwa kusimudzira mabhureki. Aya mabhureki booster, ABS, emergency braking controller, electric differential lock nezvimwe. Mumotokari dzese dzakaunzwa muboka remakambani eFavorit Motors, kune zvishandiso zvekubatsira kugona kupfuudza chinhambwe chebhureki.
Brake mudziyo
Zvimiro, iyo meshini inobatanidza zvinhu zviviri - iyo brake mudziyo pachayo uye dhiraivha yayo. Ngatikurukurei mumwe nomumwe wavo zvakasiyana.
Chishandiso chebhureki mumotokari dzemazuvano
Iyo michina inoratidzwa nebasa rekufamba uye kwakagadziriswa zvikamu, pakati peiyo friction inoitika, iyo, pakupedzisira, inoderedza kumhanya kwemotokari.
Zvichienderana nechimiro chezvikamu zvinotenderera, kune marudzi maviri ezvigadzirwa zvebraking: dhiramu uye disc. Musiyano mukuru pakati pavo ndewekuti zvinhu zvinofamba zvedhiramu mabhureki mapedhi nemabhandi, nepo disc mabhureki ari mapedhi chete.
Iyo dhiramu michina pachayo inoshanda seyakagadziriswa (inotenderera) chikamu.
Chinyakare disc brake ine dhisiki rimwe rinotenderera uye mapadhi maviri akagadziriswa uye akaiswa mukati mecaliper kumativi ese. Iyo caliper pachayo yakanyatsogadziriswa kune bracket. Pachigadziko che caliper pane macylinders anoshanda ayo, panguva yebraking, taura nemapadhi kune disc.
Kushanda nesimba rakazara, iyo brake disc inopisa kwazvo kubva mukupokana nepedhi. Kuitonhodza, iyo michina inoshandisa mweya mutsva unoyerera. Iyo dhisiki ine maburi pamusoro payo umo kupisa kwakanyanya kunobviswa uye mhepo inotonhora inopinda. Dhisiki remabhureki rine maburi akakosha rinonzi dhisiki rinopinza mweya. Pane mamwe mamodheru emota (kunyanya kumhanya uye kumhanya-mhanya kunyorera) ceramic discs anoshandiswa, ane yakaderera yekupisa conductivity.
Nhasi, kuitira kuchengetedza mutyairi, mabhureki mapedhi ane masensa anoratidza mwero wekupfeka. Panguva yakakodzera, kana chiratidzo chinoenderana chinovhenekera pane pani, iwe unongoda kuuya kubasa remotokari uye kutsiva. Nyanzvi dzeFavorit Motors Boka reMakambani vane ruzivo rwakakura uye ese anodiwa echizvino midziyo yekubvisa mabhureki ekare uye nekuisa matsva. Kubata kambani hakutore nguva yakawanda, nepo mhando yebasa ichange iri pahupamhi iyo inova nechokwadi chekutyaira kwakachengeteka uye kwakachengeteka.
Mhando huru dzemabhureki actuators
Chinangwa chikuru cheiyi drive ndechekupa kugona kudzora mabhureki meshini. Parizvino, kune marudzi mashanu ekutyaira, imwe neimwe inoita mabasa ayo mumotokari uye inobvumidza iwe kukurumidza uye zvakajeka kupa chiratidzo kune braking mechanism:
- Mechanical. Chiyero chekushandisa - chete mune yekupaka system. Iyo mechanic mhando yedhiraivha inosanganisa akati wandei zvinhu (traction system, levers, tambo, matipi, equator, nezvimwewo). Kutyaira uku kunobvumidza iwe kusaina bhureki rekupaka kuti uvhare mota munzvimbo imwechete, kunyangwe mundege yakarerekera. Inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzokupaka kana kuti muzvivanze, apo muridzi wemotokari anosiya motokari usiku.
- Electric. Iyo chiyero chekushandisa zvakare ndiyo yekupaka system. Iyo dhiraivha mune iyi kesi inogamuchira chiratidzo kubva kune yemagetsi tsoka pedal.
- Hydraulic. Iyo huru uye yakajairika mhando yebrake actuator iyo inoshandiswa muhurongwa hwekushanda. Iyo dhiraivha musanganiswa wezvinhu zvakati wandei (brake pedal, brake booster, brake cylinder, mavhiri silinda, hose uye mapaipi).
- Vacuum. Rudzi urwu rwekutyaira runowanikwawo pamotokari dzemazuva ano. Izvo zvakakosha zvebasa rayo zvakafanana neyeiyo hydraulic imwe, zvisinei, mutsauko wehunhu ndewekuti paunodzvanya pedal, imwe yekuwedzera vacuum inogadzirwa. Ndiko kuti, basa re hydraulic brake booster harina kubatanidzwa.
- Yakasanganiswa. Zvakare zvinoshanda chete musevhisi brake system. Izvo chaizvo zvebasa ndezvekuti silinda yebhureki, mushure mekudzvanya pedal, inotsikirira pabhureki fluid uye inomanikidza kuti iyerere pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kune mabhureki cylinders. Kushandiswa kwekaviri cylinder kunobvumira kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kukamurwa kuva matunhu maviri. Saka, kana imwe yemasekete ikakundikana, iyo system icharamba ichishanda zvizere.
Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo brake system pamotokari
Nekuda kwekuti mota dzine mhando dzakasiyana dzekushanda mabhureki system dzakajairika nhasi, iyo musimboti wekushanda kweiyo brake mechanism ichaonekwa uchishandisa inonyanya kushandiswa hydraulic brake system semuenzaniso.
Mutyairi paanongotsikirira brake pedal, mutoro unobva watanga kuendeswa kune brake booster. Iyo booster inogadzira yakawedzera kumanikidza uye inoiendesa kune brake master silinda. Iyo piston yecylinder pakarepo inopomba mvura kuburikidza nehosi yakakosha uye inoendesa kune iwo masilinda akaiswa pamavhiri pachawo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kudzvanywa kwebrake fluid mupombi kunowedzera zvakanyanya. Mvura inopinda mumapistoni emasilinda emavhiri, ayo anotanga kutenderedza mapedhi akananga kudhiramu.
Kana mutyairi achangodzvanya pedal zvakanyanya kana kudzokorora kumanikidza, brake fluid pressure muhurongwa hwese huchawedzera zvinoenderana. Sezvo kudzvinyirira kunowedzera, kukakavara pakati pemapadhi uye chigadziro chedhiramu kuchawedzera, izvo zvinoderedza kukurumidza kwekutenderera kwemavhiri. Nokudaro, kune hukama hwakananga pakati pesimba rekutsikirira pedal uye kuderera kwemotokari.
Mushure mekunge mutyairi aburitsa brake pedal, inodzokera panzvimbo yayo yepakutanga. Pamwe chete nayo, piston ye silinda huru inomira kumanikidza, mapadhi anodzoserwa kubva pachigubhu. Iyo brake fluid pressure inodonha.
Kuita kweiyo yese braking system kunoenderana zvachose nekuita kwechimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvayo. Iyo braking system ndeimwe yeanonyanya kukosha mumotokari, saka haashiviriri kuregeredza. Kana iwe uchifungidzira chero kukanganisa mukushanda kwayo, kana kutaridzika kwechiratidzo kubva padhi sensor, iwe unofanirwa kukurumidza kubata nyanzvi. Favorit Motors Boka reMakambani inopa masevhisi ayo ekuongorora dhigirii rekupfeka uye kutsiva chero zvikamu zveiyo braking system. Hunhu hwebasa uye kupihwa kwemitengo inonzwisisika yebasa inovimbiswa.
