Kubuda kwemafuta kubva pasi pevhavha yevhavha: zvikonzero uye kubviswa kwavo
Kazhinji vatyairi vanowana mafuta anobuda painjini. Kazhinji, iyo inodonha inobva pasi pevhavhavhavhavha. Chivharo chevhavha chinoiswa kumusoro (kana pasi) chikamu chejini inopisa mukati, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwayo. Chinangwa chechivharo ndechekuchengetedza gasi rekugovera michina uye cylinder block kubva kuguruva netsvina. Zvakare, chivharo chinodzivirira mafuta kubva mukupfava panguva yekushanda kwesimba remagetsi.
Kuona kubuda kwemafuta kubva pasi pevhavha yevhavha chiratidzo chechokwadi chezvinetso zvakakomba. Iyo mota inoda diagnostics uye inoenderana kugadzirisa. Iwe unogona kuona chikonzero chekuvuza zvese wakazvimirira uye mushure mekupasa diagnostics pachiteshi chebasa. Kukuvadza kunofanira kugadziriswa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Isu takatotaura pa vodi.su izvo injini yemafuta nzara inogona kutungamira kune:
- kupisa kweiyo mota;
- kupfeka kwekutanga kwekubata zvinhu zvesimbi - pistons, cylinder madziro, piston mhete, tsvimbo dzekubatanidza, crankshaft magazine;
- kuputika kwevharuvhu.
Mukuwedzera, nekuda kwekudonha kwemafuta, injini inosvibiswa kubva kunze, sezvo guruva rinoungana pairi, izvo zvinowedzera kupisa kupisa. Nokudaro, kana iwe ukawana kunyura kwemafuta kubva pasi pevhavha yevhavha, zvikonzero zvinofanira kuwanikwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira kuitira kuti gare gare usapedza mari yakawanda pakugadzirisa kukuru.
Kudonha - kupi mafuta einjini anowanzo kudonha?
Chivharo chevharuvhu, kazhinji aluminium kana aruminiyamu alloy, yakabhaurirwa kumusoro wecylinder. Pakati payo uye cylinder musoro pane rubber gasket, iyo yakavharwa neadhesive-sealant. Zvakare, iri muvhavhavha yevhavha iyo pane mafuta anozadza mutsipa ane screw cap ine rubber seal.
Mafuta anogona kubuda:
- nepamutsipa;
- munzvimbo umo chivharo chakabatanidzwa kune cylinder musoro nemabhoti;
- pamwe chete neperimeter yekukodzera;
- kubudikidza nomuviri pachawo.
Chero zvazvingava, iwe uchafanirwa kubvisa chivharo kuti uone kupi uye kuti mafuta anobuda sei. Kana mutumbi wekuvhara usina kukwana, usina kukwana kana wakakuvadzwa panguva yekushanda, ichakurumidza kuonekwa. Iwe uchafanirwa kutenga chivharo chitsva chevhavha, uye nacho shandura rubber gasket.
Zvinogoneka zvikonzero zvekubuda kwemafuta kubva pasi pevhavhavhavhavha
Pane chero chiteshi chesevhisi, auto mechanic inonyora zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuvuza kwauri:
- gasket kupfeka;
- kuwedzera kwemafuta ekumanikidza mukati mejini inopisa mukati;
- kukuvadzwa kwenzira iyo lubricant inotenderera;
- kuputika mumajoini akasungwa nekuda kwekudengenyeka uye kuneta kwesimbi.
Kunyangwe iwe uri kugadzirisa injini iwe pachako kana kupa basa iri kune nyanzvi kubva pachiteshi chesevhisi, isu tinokurudzira kuongororwa kwakadzama, uye kwete kuzviganhurira iwe pakungotsiva gasket kana chivharo pachacho. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinosungirwa kuchengetedza zvichave zvekuyera mwero wemafuta ekumanikidza, sezvo muzviitiko zvakawanda ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekudonha. Kunyanya kana odometer ichiratidza mileage inopfuura zana rezviuru zvemakiromita.
Kupfeka gasket inzira yechisikigo, sezvo inogadzirwa neyakasiyana kupisa-resistant technical rubber, iyo inozopedzisira yarasikirwa nekusimba kwayo, nekuti iwe unofanirwa kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya. Iyo sealant inowomesa nekufamba kwenguva, izvo zvinotungamira kune depressurization yejoinhi.
Kukuvadzwa kwenzira iyo lubricant inotenderera nayo idambudziko rakakura, sezvo nzira idzi dziri mumusoro wecylinder. Kukuvadzwa kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwekutsemuka kusingaoneki. Izvo zvinoshandawo kune zvakabatanidzwa zvakabatanidzwa zvehumburumbira musoro wevhavha uye musoro. Ndiko kuti, iwe unogona kutarisira inodhura silinda musoro kuvakwazve kana kutsiva kwayo.
Nei pressure yeoiri ichikwira?
Pane mwenje pane mudziyo wemudziyo unozozivisa muridzi wekudonha kwekumanikidza. Asi kana yakawedzera, hapana chinovhenekera pamhando zhinji dzebhajeti dzemotokari. Iwe unogona kuziva nezvekuwedzera kwayo chete nezviratidzo zvisina kunanga - iyo yakafanana inodonha mafuta kana kuwedzera kwekushisa mu cylinder block.
Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa:
- kushandiswa kwemafuta akawandisa - pane vodi.su tatofunga nezve musoro wemafuta viscosity index;
- kuvhara kwemafuta emugero mujini inotonhorera bhachi;
- kuunganidzwa kwe crankcase magasi nekuda kwekuvharika kwemafuta separator mesh kana kuvharika kweventilation hoses uye mafittings (crankcase magasi anogona zvakare kupinda mumhepo sefa uye kukanganisa kunaka kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa, izvo zvinotungamira kudzikira kwakawanda kwesimba reICE uye kusagadzikana kwayo. kushanda);
- kudzvanya kwepombi yemafuta kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu.
Iwe unogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti kudzvanywa kwakanyatso kukwidziridzwa nekuyera. Kuti uite izvi, zvinodikanwa kuti uwane yenguva dzose yekumanikidza mafuta sensor pane inodziya injini, kuisunungura, uye panzvimbo yayo screw mukukodzera kwedhijitari kana mechanic fluid pressure gauge. Zvadaro nyora pasi kumanikidzwa kusina basa uye nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Imwe neimwe modhi yemotokari ine yayo inotenderwa tsika. Semuenzaniso, kune TDI dhiziri mayunitsi ane vhoriyamu ye1.9 uye 2.5 litita, iyo isingashande yekumanikidza inenge 0.8-1 mhepo. Pa 2000 rpm - 2 atmospheres. Kune peturu mukati meinjini dzinopisa 1.6-2.0 pakusashanda, kudzvanywa kuri 2 atmospheres, pa2000 rpm - 2,7-4,5 atm.
Kana pasina geji yekumanikidza, unogona kuedza kusunungura sensor kubva muinjini, kudzima macoil ekubatidza uye kukwenya crankshaft kakawanda neanotanga. Oiri inofanirwa kubuda nepaburi kubva kune sensor, asi kwete pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakasimba. Kana mafuta akasaputika, izvi zvinogona kuratidza nzara yeoiri yeinjini. Unofanira kuenda kuchiteshi nekukurumidza.
Kubviswa kwezvikonzero zvekudonha uye kurudziro
Kubvisa kunoitwa nekugadzirisa kunofanirwa. Semuenzaniso, kana nzira dzemafuta dzakavharwa, iwe uchafanirwa kudonhedza girisi yekare uye kuchenesa zvachose injini nemafuta - isu takatotaura pamusoro pekuti ndeupi flush yekusarudza pa vodi.su.
Kana paine kukuvadzwa kwemechani - yakasununguka yakasungirirwa kubatanidza kana kutsemuka, iwe uchafanirwa kushandura zvachose zvinhu zvakakundikana. Kana dambudziko iri gasket kana sealant, tenga zvisimbiso zvepakutanga zvakakurudzirwa nemugadziri.
Matambudziko ane high blood pressure anogadziriswawo nyore. Ichokwadi, dzimwe nguva mhinduro iyi inodhura zvikuru kana, semuenzaniso, iwe unoda kuchinja pombi yemafuta, separator yemafuta kana mavharuvhu ekuderedza, nokuti kuti usvike kwavari, unofanira kuparadzanisa hafu yejini.
Mazano acho ndeaya anotevera:
- tenga chete yepakutanga kana yakatenderwa auto zvikamu;
- dururira mafuta maererano nemwaka - zvishoma viscous munguva yechando, yakawanda viscous muzhizha;
- cherechedza nguva dzebasa dzekutsiva mafuta sefa uye mafuta pachayo;
- tarisa kushanda kwe crankcase ventilation system.
Pindura nekukurumidza kune chero kusashanda uye kusarongeka mukushanda kweinjini. Saka, kupisa kwayo kazhinji kunongotungamira mukushanduka kwegasket yevhavhavha yevhavha uye nekutsva kwecylinder head gasket. Vimba kugadzirisa kune nyanzvi dzakavimbika dzisingakunyengedze nekuisa zvikamu zvakachipa uye zvemhando yakaderera.
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