Motokari yako iri kusvibisa nharaunda here? Ona izvo zvinoda kutarisirwa!

Kunyangwe vazhinji vedu vachitenda kuti ecology yakabatana neanodhura matekinoroji emazuva ano, kutaura zvazviri, munhu wese anogona kuita kashoma mupiro kuchengetedza nharaunda. Uyezve, mumotokari, ecology uye hupfumi zvinofambidzana. Iwe unongoda kuziva izvo zvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwemhepo mumotokari yedu, uye wobva watarisira kutsiva izvo zvinhu!

TL, д-

Miyero yakatsanangurwa zvakajeka yekusangana kweguruva rinofambiswa nemhepo uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi muEurope zviri kufambisa shanduko muindasitiri yemotokari. Kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, vagadziri vave vachiedza kutevedzera mitemo yakaoma. Panguva iyoyo, masisitimu akadai senge particulate mafirita, echipiri mhepo pombi, yemazuva ano lambda sensors uye exhaust gasi kutenderera system. Iyo itsva mota, iyo yakanyanya hunyanzvi tekinoroji iyo inogona kuve nayo. Zvisinei, chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi chinoda kutarisirwa kwakakodzera kuti zvizadzise basa razvo. Hatifaniri kukanganwa nezvekuongorora nguva dzose, kutsiva mafirita neoiri, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvakajairika zvakadai sokutsiva matai echando neaya ezhizha.

Kurwisa utsi

Mumakore achangopfuura, kusvibiswa kwemhepo kwakawedzera zvinotyisa muEurope yose, kusanganisira Poland. Ikozvino kune kutaura kwakawanda nezve smog uye maitiro ekuita nayo. Kusvibiswa kwakawanda kunobva kuhutsi hwemotokari. Naizvozvo, mumaguta makuru, zvifambiso zvevoruzhinji zvakasununguka pamazuva apo kuwanda kwehutsi kunonyanya kukwira. Izvi zvinokurudzira vatyairi kuti vashandise kutakura vanhu pamwe chete kuitira kuderedza huwandu hwemotokari dzinobuda mumigwagwa.

Zvemotokari nemafuta zviri kuyedza kuunza zvigadziriso zvechizvino-zvino zvinotsigira nharaunda mumhando dzemotokari dzakagadzirwa uye kusasanganisa zvinokuvadza zvemakemikari kubva mumafuta. Zvisinei, kuwedzera kwenhamba yemotokari kune kukanganisa kwakashata kune mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza. Mota chinhu chakakosha kune vazhinji vedu: havasi vese vanogona uye vanoda kutenga kuiisa mugaraji nekuda kwekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Saka zvakakosha kufunga kuti chii chiri kunyanya kukonzera kuti mota dzedu dziite zvakaipa pamhando yemhepo uye kuti tozvigadzirisa sei pasina kusiya mavhiri ako mana.

Chii chiri mukuneta?

Utsi hwepamhepo kubva kumotokari hune zvinhu zvakawanda zvine njodzi kune zvese zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwedu. Mazhinji acho macarcinogens. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kuoneka zvegasi rekupedza kabhoni diamoni ndiro guru regreenhouse gasi. Muzvishoma zvishoma, hazvikuvadzi kuvanhu, asi zvinokanganisa zvakatipoteredza. Dzine ngozi zvikuru. nitrogen okisijeniiyo inotsamwisa hurongwa hwekufema uye, kana yasunungurwa muvhu, inobudisa carcinogenic compounds. Chimwe chinhu chiri Carbon monoxide, kureva, carbon monoxide, iyo inosunga hemoglobin uye inovhiringidza kupararira kweropa, izvo zvinotungamirira kuhutano hypoxia. Kubva pakupera kwezana ramakore rapfuura, zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa zvakadzikisira zvakanyanya kuvepo kwekabhoni monoxide mumagasi emagetsi emotokari. Zvisinei, mazinga akakwirira emakemikari aya achiri kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzemotokari dzakadai sematanho uye mapaki emotokari. Ivo vanoverengera chikamu chikuru chemagasi ekupedza. guruva rakaturikwa... Vanotsamwisa hurongwa hwekufema uye vanoshanda senzira yekufambisa yesimbi inorema. Injini dzedhiziri ndidzo huru yekuburitsa huruva. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe mainjini edhiziri akawedzera kufarira panguva yekukwira kwemitengo yepeturu, parizvino ari pasi pekuongororwa. Zvisinei nekushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji nemakambani, dambudziko rekuburitsa guruva redhiziri harina kupera. Iyo zvakare ine carcinogenic zvakanyanya muhutsi hwekuburitsa. BENZOL, kuva kusvibiswa kwehuni husina kuchena, uye mahydrocarbon - mhedzisiro yekupisa kusina kukwana kwemafuta.

Huwandu hwezvinhu zvine njodzi mumagasi emota dzakakura uye hazvinzwi zvine tariro. Nekudaro, hazvisi izvo chete zvinoburitswa kubva kune exhaust system zvine simba pane zvakatipoteredza. Kushandiswa kwemotokari kunokonzerawo hutsi hunobva kumatai pakukweshwa kweasphalt, pamwe chete nedzimwe huruva uye zvinosvibisa zviri mumugwagwa uye zvinobuda mumavhiri emotokari. Sezvineiwo, ongororo dzinoratidza kuti kuwandirwa kwezvimwe zvinhu mukati memotokari zvakapetwa kanoverengeka pane zvakaipoteredza. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vatyairi vari panjodzi huru yekukuvadza kwavo.

EU inoti chii?

Mukupindura kudiwa kwezvakatipoteredza, European Union yakaunza zviyero zvekuburitsa mota nyowani dzinotengeswa munharaunda yayo. Yekutanga Euro 1 chiyero yakatanga kushanda muna 1993 uye kubva ipapo mirairo yakawedzera kuomarara. Kubva 2014, chiyero cheEuro 6 chakashandiswa kumotokari dzinotakura vanhu uye mota dzakareruka dzekutengesa, uye Paramende yeEuropean inoronga kuwedzera kusimba panosvika 2021. Nekudaro, izvi zvinoshanda kune mota nyowani nevagadziri vadzo. Zvichakadaro, faindi yePLN 500 uye kuchengetedzwa kwechitupa chekunyoresa chekupfuura kumhanya kwekupisa kunotyisidzira mumwe nemumwe wedu. Saka isu tinofanirwa kutarisira ecology isu pachedu mumamodheru ekare.

Chii chinokanganisa kunaka kwegasi rekubuda?

Kana mafuta atinotenga aive musanganiswa we stoichiometric, ndiko kuti, yaive neyakagadziriswa, uye kana kupisa kwayo muinjini yaive nzira yemuenzaniso, chete carbon dioxide uye mhute yemvura yaizobuda mupombi yekupedza. Sezvineiwo, iyi ingori dzidziso ine zvishoma zvekuita nechokwadi. Mafuta haatsva zvachoseMukuwedzera, haisi "yakachena" - ine tsvina yakawanda yezvinhu izvo, uyezve, hazvipisi.

Iyo yakakwira tembiricha yeinjini, kupisa kwakanyanya mukamuri uye kushomeka kusvibiswa kwemagasi emhepo. Kuramba uchityaira uchimhanya kunodawo mafuta mashoma pane kufambisa, tisingarevi moto. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei kutyaira mumugwagwa kune mari yakawanda kupfuura madaro mapfupi muguta. Zvimwe zvehupfumi - uye panguva imwechete zvakatipoteredza.

Tinofanira kuva nehanya nezvei?

Matairi

Kuwanda kwemafuta anopedzwa kunokonzerwa nemutoro pajini: nekupikisa kwakanyanya, zvakawanda zvinodiwa. Chokwadika, hapana chatinogona kuita, tingave tiri kuenda kunorwisana nemhepo kana kuti kana motokari yedu yakanyanyiswa zvishoma kana kuti zvishoma. Nekudaro, isu tine mhedzisiro pakupikisa nekuda kwechiyero chekunamatira kune substrate. Nokudaro, zvakakodzera kutarisira technical condition matai ako. Nekuti vhiri rakasakara uye rakatetepa harina kutenderedza zvishoma pane rakadzika rinotsika vhiri, rinenge risisina kusimba. Motokari inotsvedza uye inononoka kune chidhiraivho haisi ngozi yekuchengetedza chete, asiwo inoshandisa mafuta akawanda. Nechikonzero chimwe chete, iwe unofanirwa kutarisira iyo chaiyo yekumanikidza matai uye usakanganwa kutsiva iwo nematairi ezhizha muchirimo, uye mumatsutso neaya echando. Matai akakodzera haasi chete akachengeteka uye ane mari yakawanda, asi anopawo mamwe kutyaira kunyaradza. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti vakatoonekwa pamusika. ecological matai ine kuderedzwa rolling kuramba uchichengetedza yakakodzera grip paramita.

ENGINE

Mamiriro einjini yedu vimbiso yekutyaira kwakachengeteka, hupfumi uye zvakatipoteredza. Kuti injini itishandire zvakanaka sezvinobvira, tinofanira kuitarisira. Nheyo ndeyekuzora kwakakodzera, iyo ichapihwa neakasarudzwa zvakanaka muchina mafuta. Haisi kungodzivirira injini uye kuderedza kupera, asi inobatsirawo kuchengetedza kutonhora kwakakodzera uye ine kuchenesa. Oiri-yakagezwa sediment nemafuta asina kupiswa anoseferwa kunze uye anonyungudutswa mumasefa. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, unofanira kuyeuka kuitsiva nguva dzose - iyo mineral inoda kuchinjwa imwe neimwe 15 zviuru. km, uye synthetics ega ega zviuru gumi zvemakiromita. Gara uchitsiva sefa yemafuta nayo.

Uyewo yeuka nezvekutonga kutonhodza mhepoizvo zvinoisa kushushikana kwakanyanya painjini. Kana yakanganisa, inogona kuratidza kuvharika. kabhini sefaizvo zvinokonzeresa kuwandisa kwehurongwa hwese.

Exhaust

Zvakare, ngatisakanganwa nezve cheki dzenguva dzose. Pedza hurongwakukundikana kweiyo inogona kutungamirira kune injini kusashanda zvakanaka uye kunyange kupinda kwemagasi emhepo mune mamwe masisitimu emotokari yedu. Ngatitarisei zvinhu zvakadai muteresi, ndiko kuti, mugero wekupedza simba gasi kubva mukamuri yekupisa kuenda mupombi yepombi, uye chinokonzeraiyo inokonzera oxidation ye carbon monoxide II uye hydrocarbons, uye panguva imwechete inoderedza nitrogen oxides. Ngatirangarireiwo pamusoro Lambda probe - sensor yemagetsi inotarisa kunaka kwemagasi ekupedza. Zvichienderana nekuverenga kwe lambda probe, komputa inodzora inosarudza zviyero zvakakodzera zvemusanganiswa wemafuta emhepo unopihwa injini. Kana chikamu ichi che exhaust system chikasashanda nemazvo, kushandiswa kwemafuta emotokari kunowedzera uye simba reinjini rinoderera. Ngationgororei mamiriro acho muffler uye flexible connectorKuregeredza izvo hazvizongo wedzera ruzha mumotokari yedu, asi zvakare zvinogona kutungamirira kukudzoka kwekubuda kwemagasi mukamuri.

Particulate firita

Mota dzinodiwa mazuvano. firita firitakunyanya chokwadi mumajini edhiziri. Basa rayo nderokudzivirira kubuda kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza kubva muimba yekupisa uye kuipisa kunze. Kuti uite izvi, injini inofanira kudziyirwa kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya. Nokudaro, kupiswa kwezvikamu zvakasimba kunoitika kunyanya pamadaro makuru. Iyo yakashata exhaust system chiratidzo ichaita kuti tizive kana iyo sefa yakasviba, izvo zvinozotungamira mukugerwa kwemagetsi. Kuzvichenesa DPF "mumugwagwa" kwakakosha zvakanyanya, asi kwete nguva dzose inoshanda. Sezvineiwo, inogona zvakare kucheneswa nemuchina wakanyatsogadzirwa.

Pedza gasi kudzokorora

Kana mota yako yakashongedzerwa neExhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system, iyo inoderedza kuburitswa kwenitrogen oxide nekudzikisa kupisa kwekupisa kwemhepo isina okisijeni / musanganiswa wemafuta uye oxidizing hydrocarbons, zvakakosha kuti utarise. kuvhara kwevhavha... Kuivhara kunogona kukonzera kusashanda kweinjini, kukuvadzwa kwelambda probe, kana utsi kubva muinjini.

Kuongorora nguva dzose

Kuongorora kwehunyanzvi kwemotokari ibasa remuridzi wese wemotokari, asi hazvisi zvese zviteshi zvekuongorora zvinosvika nenyaya iyi. Imwe nzira kana imwe, kuongorora kwehunyanzvi kunotarisa chete zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinoshanda, sekufanana kwekupfeka matai, kushanda kwakaringana kwemwenje, kuita kwemabhureki uye masisitimu ekutungamirira, mamiriro emuviri uye kumiswa. Zvakakodzera kukudziridza tsika yenguva dzose yekuongorora yakawedzerwa, panguva iyo mazuva anozoongororwa, zvese zvinwiwa uye mafirita zvichashandurwa, uye zvinokonzeresa zvinwiwa zvichaiswa kumusoro mumotokari dzine DPF mafirita.

Europe ndiyo nyika ine vanhu vakawanda uye ine maguta epasi. Maererano nefungidziro yeWHO, vanhu vangangosvika makumi masere. vagari vayo vari kufa nezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nokusvibiswa kwemigwagwa. Hazvishamisi kuti European Union mazinga ezvakatipoteredza akaomesesa. Vatyairi vanopedza nguva yakawanda vari mumotokari dzavo ndivo vanonyanya kuratidzirwa kune zvinokuvadza zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zviri mumagasi anopedza simba. Kutarisira hutano hwevamwe uye hwako, zvakakosha kutarisira mamiriro ehunyanzvi emotokari uye kugara uchitsiva zvikamu zvakasakara.

Iwe unogona kugara uchiwana auto zvikamu uye zvishongedzo pane webhusaiti avtotachki.com!

Iwe Unogona zvakare Kuda:

Lambda probe - sei kuziva kusashanda?

Mhando dzemafirita emotokari, i.e. zvokutsiva

Sei zvakakosha kuchinja mafuta kakawanda?