Mota dzeHydrogen ndiyo ramangwana reindasitiri yemotokari. Mota dzehydrogen dzakaita seToyota Mirai neBMW X5 dzinoshanda sei?

Mota dzeHydrogen hadzisati dzatora nzvimbo yakasimba pamusika. Vagadziri vashoma vanosarudza kutarisa zvachose pakuvandudzwa kweiyi tekinoroji. Basa richiri kunyanya pamagetsi emagetsi uye kushoma kusvibisa mukati memoto kana injini dzakasanganiswa. Kunyangwe paine kukwikwidza kwakawanda, mota dzehydrogen ndeyekuda kuziva. Chii chakanakira kuziva nezvavo?

Simba rehydrogen rinoshanda sei?

Mukana wakakurisa wehydrogen powered mota ishamwari yavo yezvakatipoteredza. Zvakakosha kucherechedza pano kuti kuti tikwanise kuzvitsanangura nenzira iyi, zvakakosha kuremekedza misimboti yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvakare mukugadzira maitiro. 

Motokari dzine simba rehydrogen dzinoshanda nenzira yokuti dzinobudisa magetsi anodiwa pakufambisa motokari. Izvi zvinogoneka nekuda kwemafuta akaiswa maseru ane hydrogen tank anogadzira magetsi. Bhatiri remagetsi rinoita sebhafa. Kuvapo kwayo mune yese injini system yemotokari inodiwa, semuenzaniso, panguva yekuwedzera. Inogona zvakare kutora uye kuchengeta kinetic simba panguva yekubhureki. 

Maitiro anoitika muinjini yehydrogen 

Izvo zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti chii chaizvo chinoitika muinjini yehydrogen yemotokari pachayo. Fuel cell inogadzira magetsi kubva kuhydrogen. Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne reverse electrolysis. Zvinoita pachezvazvo ndezvekuti hydrogen neokisijeni zviri mumhepo zvinodyidzana kuita mvura. Izvi zvinogadzira kupisa uye magetsi kutyaira mota yemagetsi.

Masero emafuta mumotokari dzehydrogen

PEM mafuta masero anoshandiswa mumotokari dzine hydrogen. Iyo inonzi polymer electrolytic membrane inoparadzanisa hydrogen uye oksijeni yakakomberedza anode uye cathode. Iyo membrane inogoneka chete kune hydrogen ions. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane anode, mamorekuru ehydrogen anopatsanurwa kuita ayoni nemaerekitironi. Ioni yehydrogen inobva yapfuura neEMF ichienda kucathode, kwainobatana nemhepo yemhepo. Nokudaro, vanogadzira mvura.

Kune rimwe divi, maerekitironi ehydrogen haagone kupfuura neEMF. Naizvozvo, vanopfuura nepawaya inobatanidza anode uye cathode. Nenzira iyi, magetsi anogadzirwa, ayo anochaja bhatiri rekudhonza uye anotyaira mota yemagetsi mota.

Chii chinonzi hydrogen?

Inoonekwa sechinhu chakareruka, chekare uye panguva imwe chete chinhu chakajairika mupasi rose. Hydrogen haina mavara chaiwo kana kunhuwa. Kazhinji ine gasi uye yakareruka kupfuura mhepo. Muzvisikwa, inoitika chete muchimiro chakasungwa, semuenzaniso, mumvura.

Hydrogen sehuni - inowanikwa kupi?

Iyo H2 element inowanikwa mukuita kwe electrolysis. Izvi zvinoda yakananga ikozvino uye electrolyte. Kuvonga kwavari, mvura inoparadzaniswa kuita zvikamu zvakasiyana - hydrogen uye oksijeni. Okisijeni pachayo inoumbwa pane anode, uye hydrogen pane cathode. H2 inowanzova-chigadzirwa chemakemikari maitirwo, echisikigo gasi synthesis kana crude mafuta kunatsa. Chikamu chakakosha chehidrojeni chinodiwa chinozadzikiswa neanogona kuwanikwazve simba masosi.

Hydrogen kubva kune anovandudzwa masosi - ndeapi mambishi anowira muboka iri?

Zvakakodzera kujekesa kuti ndezvipi zvinhu chaizvo zvinogona kunzi renewable raw materials. Kuti mota dzehydrogen nemafuta edzimotokari dzive dzakasimba, mafuta anofanirwa kubva kune zvakaita se:

• photovoltaics;
• simba remhepo;
• simba remvura;
• simba rezuva;
• geothermal simba;
• biomass.

Mota dzeHydrogen – Toyota Mirai

Iyo 2022 Toyota Mirai, pamwe ne2021, ndeimwe yeanowanzo kusarudzwa modhi nevatengi. Mirai ine huwandu hunosvika 555 km uye 134 kW yemagetsi mota iri kumashure kwemota. Simba rinogadzirwa ne-on-board mafuta masero ari pasi pehodhi yepamberi yemotokari. Hydrogen inoshandiswa sesimba rekutanga uye inochengetwa mumatangi mune inonzi cardan tunnel pasi pezvigaro zvekumashure. Matangi anobata 5,6 kg yehydrogen pa700 bar. Dhizaini yeToyota Mirai zvakare yakanakira - dhizaini yemotokari haina futuristic, asi yekare.

Mirai inomhanya kusvika pa100 km/h mumasekondi 9,2 uye ine kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe175 km/h.. Iyo Toyota Mirai inopa simba rinoenderana uye inopindura zvakanaka kwazvo kune mafambiro emutyairi - zvese kumhanyisa uye braking.

Hydrogen BMW X5 - motokari inokosha kuteerera

Iyo hydrogen-powered mota lineup inosanganisirawo maSUV. Imwe yacho ndeye BMW X5 Hydrogen. Iyo modhi mukugadzira kwayo haina kusiyana kubva kune yayo yevira yemoto kubva kune imwechete yakatevedzana. Chete mapaneru emwenje kana magadzirirwo emarimu anogona kusiyana, asi aya haasi anooneka kusawirirana. Chigadzirwa chemhando yeBavarian chine matangi maviri anokwanisa kuchengetedza kusvika 6 kg yegesi, pamwe nemafuta emafuta ane simba rinosvika 170 hp. Sezvineiwo, BMW yabatana nemauto neToyota. Iyo hydrogen-powered X5 modhi inogadzirwa pachishandiswa tekinoroji yakafanana nemota dzeAsia inogadzira Hydrogen NEXT. 

Mota dzehydrogen dzakasvibira zvechokwadi here?

Kunyanya mukana wehydrogen mota ndeyekuti ivo vane hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza. Nekudaro, kana izvi zviri izvo zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nekuti hydrogen inogadzirwa sei. Panguva iyo nzira huru yekuwana mafuta ndeyekugadzira uchishandisa gasi rechisikigo, magetsi, ayo pachawo ane zvakatipoteredza uye emission-isina, haaderedzi kusvibiswa kwese kunoitika panguva yekugadzirwa kwehydrogen. Kunyangwe mushure mekushandisa mota kwenguva refu. Mota yehydrogen inogona kunzi yakasvibira zvachose kana simba rinodiwa kuimhanyisa richibva rakazara kubva kunowanikwazve. Panguva imwecheteyo, motokari yakachengeteka zvachose kune zvakatipoteredza. 

Hydrogen mota - pfupiso

Motokari dzemagetsi dzinogara dzichiwedzera uye dzinonakidzawo kutyaira. Nekudaro, kuwedzera mafuta emagetsi mota kunogona kuve kwakaoma. Mota dzine dhiraivha yakadaro dzichazviratidza dzakanakisa munharaunda yemaguta makuru, seWarsaw.Pachine zvishoma zviteshi zvekuzadza hydrogen munyika yedu, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuchinja panosvika 2030, apo huwandu hwezviteshi huchawedzera kupfuura zana, sekureva kwaOrlen.