Iyo US Air Force yakatarisana ne "gomba rekuvhima"?

Tsoka. USAF

Mauto eAir Force neUS Navy Air Force pari zvino vakatarisana neboka revarwi vechizvarwa chechina vakadai seF-15, F-16 neF/A-18. Kune rumwe rutivi, chirongwa chechishanu chechizvarwa cheF-35, icho chakanonoka kwemakore mashomanana uye chiri kutambura nematambudziko akawanda, hachikwanisi kuendesa ndege itsva nenguva. Mweya wezvinonzi gomba rekuvhima, i.e. mamiriro ezvinhu umo varwi vakasakara vachafanira kubviswa, uye gaka rinoguma harigoni kuzadzwa nechinhu chipi nechipi.

Kubva pakupera kweCold War, United States Air Force (USAF) neUS Navy Air Force yanga ichibatanidzwa nguva dzese mumhirizhonga dzepasi rose dzakasimba. Kwemakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, kupfeka uye kubvaruka kwendege dzehondo dzeUS kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, kusanganisira varwi vemhando dzakasiyana siyana vachiita mabasa akasiyana siyana. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune varwi vendege, avo hupenyu hwebasa hwakapfupika kupfuura hwevarwi vepasi, uye vakave (uye vari) kushandiswa munenge muhondo dzese dzinotungamirwa neUS. Pamusoro pezvo, kune kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwejeti dzehondo nemaAmerican mumabasa emapurisa, sechikamu chezvinonzi. kuratidzira kwechisimba, kuchengetedza, tsigiro yevanobatana, uye mauto emuno neekunze kwenyika.

Tsaona yaNovember 2, 2007, muMissouri inogona kunge iri mucherechedzo wezvingangove mberi kwejeti dzehondo dzerudzi rwechina dzakaneta. Munguva yekudzidzira ndege, F-15C kubva ku131st Fighter Wing yakawira pasi mumhepo ichiita maitiro akaenzana. Zvakazoitika kuti chakakonzera tsaona yaive kuputsika kwefuselage stringer kuseri kwegomba. Zvikepe zvese zveF-15A / B, F-15C / D uye F-15E varwi-mabhomba zvakamiswa. Panguva iyoyo, macheki haana kuratidza kutyisidzira mune mamwe makopi eFifteen. Mamiriro ezvinhu akanga akati siyanei mukubhururuka kwengarava. Miedzo yeF/A-18C/D fighters yakaratidza kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zviri pasi pekupfeka zvinorema. Pakati pavo paiva, semuenzaniso, horizontal tail drives.

Zvichakadaro, chirongwa cheF-35 fighter chakatambura nekumwe kunonoka. Mazano etarisiro akaitwa muna 2007 ekuti US Marine Corps yaizotanga kugamuchira F-35B kutanga kwa2011. F-35A yaifanira kupinda mubasa neUS Air Force muna 2012, sezvakaita US Navy airborne F-35C. Panguva imwecheteyo, chirongwa chakatanga kudonhedza bhajeti rePentagon raive rave kuderera. Mauto emauto eUS akakwanisa kuwana mari yekutenga varwi vatsva veF/A-18E/F, vakatanga kutsiva F/A-18A/B neF/A-18C/D yakanga yabviswa. Zvisinei, US Navy yakamira kutenga F / A-18E / F muna 2013, uye kupinda mubasa reF-35C kwakamiswa, sezvatozivikanwa kare, kusvika muna August 2018. Nekuda kwekunonoka uku uye kudiwa kwekubvisa zvakanyanya kupera. F / A- 18Cs / D, mumakore anotevera, mauto emugungwa achapedza kubva pamakumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi matatu nematanhatu varwi.

Nekudaro, iyo US Air Force inotyisidzirwa kwete nekushomeka kwe "muviri" kwevarwi, asi ne "gomba" mukurwa kwezvikepe zvese. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekuti muna 2011 kugadzirwa kwe22 F-195A chizvarwa chechishanu varwi kwakamiswa. Iyo F-22A yaifanirwa kutsiva zvishoma nezvishoma varwi veF-15A/B/C/D vachembera. Zvisinei, nokuda kweizvi, US Air Force yaifanira kugamuchira zvishoma 381 F-22As. Mari iyi yaizokwana kugadzirira zvikwata gumi zvemitsetse. F-22A zvikepe zvaifanira kuwedzerwa neF-35A multi-role fighters, kutsiva F-16 fighters (uye A-10 kurwisa ndege). Nekuda kweizvozvo, US Air Force yaizogashira chizvarwa chechishanu mauto ehondo umo F-22A air superiority fighters vaizotsigirwa neakawanda-basa F-35A air-to-ground mishoni.

Nekuda kwehuwandu husina kukwana hwevarwi veF-22A uye kunonoka kupinda musevhisi yeF-35A, Mauto eMhepo yakamanikidzwa kugadzira zvikepe zvekuchinja zvaive nevarwi vechizvarwa chechina nechishanu. F-15s dzakasakara neF-16 dzinofanira kuvandudzwa kuti dzitsigire uye dzienderane neawandisa F-22A zvikepe uye zvikepe zveF-35A zvinokura zvishoma nezvishoma.

Matambudziko eNaval

Hondo yeUS Navy yakapedza kutenga F / A-18E / F Super Hornet fighters muna 2013, ichideredza dziva rekuraira kusvika ku565 units. 314 vakuru F/A-18A/B/C/D Hornets vachiri kushanda zviri pamutemo. Pamusoro pezvo, Marine Corps ine 229 F / A-18B / C / D. Zvisinei, hafu yeHornets haisi mubasa, sezvo iri kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirisa uye zvemazuva ano. Pakupedzisira, iyo Navy yakasakara F/A-18C/Ds ichatsiviwa ne369 itsva F-35Cs. VeMarines vanoda kutenga 67 F-35Cs, iyo ichatsivawo Hornets. Kunonoka kwechirongwa uye zvimhingamipinyi zvebhajeti zvaireva kuti maF-35C ekutanga anofanira kunge akagadzirira kushanda muna Nyamavhuvhu 2018.

Kugadzirwa kwakazara kweF-35C kwakarongwa pakutanga kuve makumi maviri pagore. Parizvino, US Navy inoti nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemari, vangada kudzikisa mwero wekutenga kweF-20C kunyangwe kusvika ku35 makopi pagore. Kugadzirwa kweserial kunotarisirwa kutanga muna 12, saka yekutanga inoshanda F-2020C squadron ichapinda sevhisi isati yasvika 35. Mauto eNavy anoronga kuve nechikwata chimwe cheF-2022Cs mubapiro remhepo remutakuri wega wega.

Kuti kuderedze kurongeka kunokonzerwa nekunonoka kwechirongwa cheF-35C, US Navy inoda kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa hwe150 F/A-18Cs kubva pamaawa matanhatu kusvika kumaawa gumi pasi peSLEP (Life Extension Program). Nekudaro, mumakore achangopfuura, Navy haina kuwana mari yakakwana yekuvandudza zvakakwana chirongwa cheSLEP. Paive nemamiriro ezvinhu umo kubva ku6 kusvika ku10 F / A-60C varwi vaive vakanamatira mukugadzirisa zvidyarwa vasina tarisiro yekukurumidza kudzoka kubasa. Murairo weUS Navy unoti panguva yeSLEP ivo vachada kusimudzira yakagadziridzwa F / A-100C. Kana bhajeti ichibvumidza, chirongwa ndechekushongedza maHornets ane emagetsi scanned antenna radar, yakabatanidzwa Link 18 data link, mavara ekuratidzira ane mepu yedhijitari inofamba, Martin Becker Mk 18 NACES (Naval Aircrew Common Ejektor Seat) ejection zvigaro, uye a. helmet-mounted system. tracking and guidance JHMCS (Joint Helmut-Mounted Cueing System).

Kugadziridzwa kweF/A-18C kunoreva kuti mazhinji emabasa ekushanda akatorwa neatsva F/A-18E/Fs, izvo zvinoderedza zvisingaite hupenyu hwavo hwesevhisi kusvika ku9-10. watch. Musi wa19 Ndira wegore rino, Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) yakazivisa hurongwa hweSLEP hwekuwedzera hupenyu hwendege dzehondo dzeF/A-18E/F. Hazvisati zvazivikanwa kuti kutsanangurwa kwekondirakiti kuchataridzika sei uye kuti mazuva ekupedza basa achave api. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kuvakazve kuchakanganisa kumashure kweiyo airframe ine injini nacelles nemuswe. Iyo yekare Super Hornets ichasvika pa6 muganho. maawa muna 2017. Izvi zvingangoita gore nehafu isati yaziviswa yeF-35C yekugadzirira kusati kwashanda. Chirongwa cheSLEP chemurwi mumwechete chinotora rinenge gore. Nguva yekugadziriswa inoenderana nehuwandu hweairframe corrosion uye nhamba yezvikamu nemagungano anoda kutsiviwa kana kugadziriswa.