Kudzoreredzwa kwekukuvadza kubva kune ane mhosva yetsaona pasina OSAGO mutemo

Kuunzwa kweOSAGO kusvika pamwero mukuru kwakasunungura vakakuvadzwa netsaona dzemumugwagwa kubva mumatambudziko ane chekuita nekubhadharwa kwezvinhu zvekukuvadza. Kunyangwe iwe uchifanira kumhan'ara kambani yeinishuwarenzi nezve huwandu hwekukuvadza kana maererano nekutyora nzira yekubhadhara, semhedzisiro, kazhinji mari inounganidzwa kana kugadziriswa kuchaitwa, uye muridzi wemotokari akagumburwa achagamuchira zvinobatika. muripo nenzira yekurasikirwa uye muripo. Asi pasinei nechisungo cheinishuwarenzi, nguva nenguva kune tsaona dzemotokari nevaridzi vemotokari vasina kubhadhara mutoro wavo. Pane kazhinji mamiriro ezvinhu apo kusashanda kwepolicy kunouya sechishamiso kune policyholder pachake.

Mutori wechikamu mutsaona pasina OSAGO inishuwarenzi: zvikonzero uye mutoro

Maererano newebsite yeState Statistics Committee, pakupera kwe2016, motokari dzinopfuura mamiriyoni e45 dzakanyoreswa muRussian Federation. Maererano neRIA Novosti maererano neRSA, muna 2017, vangangosvika mamiriyoni matanhatu varidzi vemotokari havana kuisa mutoro wavo, uye vanenge miriyoni imwe varidzi vemitemo yenhema. Chikamu chikuru chekutyorwa chinowira varidzi vemotokari, sezvo vatyairi vemabhazi nemarori vari pasi pekutonga kwakakosha kwete chete kubva kumapurisa emigwagwa, uye havagone kuisa njodzi vachishandisa gwaro rekunyepedzera kana kutyaira pasina OSAGO.

Sekureva kwePCA, vatyairi vangangosvika mamirioni manomwe vanotyaira vasina chibvumirano cheOSAGO kana nemutemo wemanyepo.

Saka, 15,5% yevatyairi vemotokari havana inshuwarisi yekuvhara. Tichifungidzira kuti mushandisi wemumugwagwa asina kuchengetedzwa anopinda mutsaona dzemotokari zvakaenzana neanochengeterwa inishuwarenzi, aine mukana wakaenzana anogona kuva mupari wemhosva uye munhu akabatwa, tinowana 7-8% yetsaona nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemutyairi pasina mutemo. Kunyange kana, nokuda kwechikonzero, isu tinoderedza nhamba inoguma ne2 nguva, mukana wekuwira mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro unopfuura zvakanyanya kukosha kwekukanganisa kwenhamba, uye naizvozvo ichokwadi.

Zvisungo zveinishuwarenzi kubhadhara muripo

Chinhu cheOSAGO zvishuwo zvemidziyo zvine chekuita nenjodzi yemuridzi wemotokari yezvisungo zvinobva mukukuvadza hupenyu, hutano kana pfuma yevakabatwa pakushandisa mota munharaunda yeRussian Federation.

ndima 1 yeArt. 6 yeFederal Law yaApril 25.04.2002, 40 No. XNUMX-FZ "PaOSAGO"

Kana paine chibvumirano cheOSAGO chakakodzera, inshuwarisi, panzvimbo yeane mhosva, anoita mubhadharo mune zvinotevera zviitiko:

• kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nemotokari;
• kukuvadzwa kwakakonzerwa kune pfuma iri mumotokari yemunhu akabatwa uye isiri chikamu kana chikamu chayo (mukwende, isiri-yakajairwa michina, pfuma yemutyairi nevafambi, nezvimwewo);
• kukuvara kwakakonzerwa kune zvimwe zvinhu (zvivakwa, zvivakwa, zvinhu zvinofambiswa, zvinhu zvevanofamba netsoka, nezvimwewo);
• kukuvadza kwakakonzerwa nehupenyu uye hutano hweumwe munhu (mutyairi wechipiri, vafambi, kusanganisira avo vaiva mumotokari yemhosva, vanofamba netsoka, nezvimwewo).

Zvimwe pamusoro pekupedzisa kondirakiti yeinishuwarenzi: https://bumper.guru/strahovanie/proverka-kbm-po-baze-rsa.html

Kana mutyairi ane mutemo unoshanda, asi asina kuratidzwa semunhu anobvumirwa kutyaira, kana tsaona yakaitika kunze kwenguva yekushandiswa kwemotokari yakataurwa muchibvumirano, kambani yeinishuwarenzi ichabhadhara pane zvakajairika. Kodzero yeinishuwarenzi yekuunganidza kubva kune akadaro munhu ane mhosva muripo wakabhadharwa haukanganisi zvido zvemunhu akabatwa.

Iyo inshurensi inobhadhara kukuvara chete kana paine chibvumirano cheOSAGO chakakodzera

Zvisungo zveinishuwarenzi pasi pemutemo isingashande hazvimuke. Gwaro racho rinenge risingashande muzviitiko zvinotevera:

• nguva yekontrakiti yapera;
• mutemo unogadzirwa;
• mutemo unopihwa pafomu rekutanga, kusanganisira nechisimbiso chepakutanga uye siginicha, asi fomu racho rakanyorwa serakabiwa kana kurasika;
• mutemo wemagetsi unopihwa kwete pawebhusaiti yeinishuwarenzi uye haisi gwaro remagetsi.

Muzviitiko zvitatu zvekupedzisira, muridzi wemotokari angasafungira kuti kondirakiti yaainayo haishandi. Mhosva dzekubiwa kwemafomu kubva kune veinishuwarenzi hadzisi dzega. Mitemo inopihwa pamafomu akabiwa inotengeswa pasi pemazita eanoshanda. Pane zviitiko apo scammers vakavhura mawebhusaiti achidzokorora mawebhusaiti emakambani makuru einishuwarenzi uye akaunganidza mari kuaccount yavo kana e-wallet. Chiratidzo chekutanga chekutengeswa kweinishuwarenzi isiriyo kukosha kwavo kusingakosheswi. Mutemo weOSAGO unoshanda haugone kuita mari shoma pane yemamwe mainishuwarenzi. Mainishuwarenzi akapiwa kodzero yekuona mutero mukati mehuwandu hwakatarwa neCentral Bank, asi mukuita mazinga epamusoro anoshandiswa. Hapana kuderedzwa, kukwidziridzwa kana zvipo kana uchitengesa OSAGO hazvigamuchirwi (clauses 2.6–2.7 yeMitemo yeProfessional Activities for the Promotion of Services pamusika weOSAGO, yakagamuchirwa nechinzvimbo chePresidium yeRAMI yaAugust 31.08.2006, 3, pr. Nhamba XNUMX).

Kune zvakare vamiriri vasina kutendeseka avo vakatora mari yakatorwa ndokuudza inshurensi nezvekurasikirwa kwemafomu aakapihwa. Ruzivo rwese nezvemafomu asina kukodzera runofanira kutumirwa pamawebhusaiti emakambani einishuwarenzi uye PCA. Paunenge uchigadzira chibvumirano cheOSAGO kunze kwehofisi yeinishuwarenzi, ine mumiriri asina kujaira uye mune mamwe mamiriro akafanana, kana kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu zvisingabviri kuve nechokwadi chakasimba chechokwadi chekutengeserana, unofanirwa kutarisa chimiro chayo muchikamu chakakodzera. pawebhusaiti yePCA kana imwe kambani 2-3 mazuva mushure mekugamuchira mutemo. Mamiriro efomu anogona kutariswa usati wasaina chibvumirano. Ruzivo rwekusashanda kwefomu rucharatidzwa pawebhusaiti yePCA, uye mafomu akabiwa kana akarasika achaverengerwa murondedzero inoenderana pawebhusaiti yeinishuwarenzi.

Paunenge uchitenga mutemo weOSAGO mumamiriro asina kujairika, unofanirwa kutarisa chokwadi chayo pawebhusaiti yePCA kana inshuwarisi.

Muchiitiko chekubhuroka kweinishuwarenzi kana kubvisirwa rezinesi rayo, chisungo chekubhadhara kukuvara kwezvinhu chinoendeswa kuPCA. Nekukuvadzwa kwehupenyu uye hutano hwakakonzerwa nekuda kwetsaona, mubatanidzwa uchabhadharawo muripo mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mutoro wemupari wemhosva hauna kupihwa inishuwarenzi kana kuti akatiza chiitiko uye haana kusimbiswa (Chinyorwa 18 cheFederal Law yaApril 25.04.2002 , 40 No. XNUMX-FZ).

Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mutemo weOSAGO usipo kana kusashanda, kukanganisa kunofanira kubhadharwa nemukonzeri wayo nenzira yakawanda inotarwa nemutemo wehurumende yehukama hwakadaro. Hapana chinhu chinosuruvarisa kana chisingagoneki pamusoro peizvi. Kurongeka kwakadai kwaivapo zvose munguva dzeSoviet uye muRussia yemazuva ano kusvika 2003. Asi nekuda kwekuti pamusoro pemakore gumi nemashanu eOSAGO, varidzi vemotokari vakatove vakaparadzwa nehukama huri nyore uye kuwanika kwemaitiro ekubhadhara kukanganisa, mitemo yekubhadhara yakagadziriswa, mumamiriro ezvinhu ane mhosva isina kuchengetedzwa, munhu anofanira kuyeuka mushure mekuchengetedza maitiro.

Mhosva yekushaikwa kweinishuwarenzi inomanikidzirwa

Kutadza kuzadzisa chisungo cheinishuwarenzi inomanikidzirwa nemuridzi wemotokari, pamwe nekutyaira mota, kana pasina inishuwarenzi zviri pachena, inoumba mhosva yekutonga pasi peChikamu 2 cheArt. 12.37 Administrative Code yeRussian Federation. Chirango muzviitiko zvose zviri zviviri zvakafanana - faindi ye800 rubles. Kuziva zviito zvemuridzi wemotokari kwakakosha pakushandiswa kwematanho emutoro. Mutyairi anofanira kuziva kuti mhosva yake haina inshuwarisi, uye azive kuipa kwemaitiro ake uye zvinogona kuitika. Panyaya yekutora nehana kwegwaro remanyepo, mutoro unobviswa, asi muridzi wemotokari anofanira kuratidza kuti aisaziva uye aisagona kuziva nezve fake.

Kutyaira mota nemutyairi asina kutaurwa mukondirakiti kana kunze kweiyo yakatarwa nguva yekutyaira zvinoenderana neChikamu 1 cheArt. 12.37 inodhura 500 rubles. Kusavapo kwegwaro kubva kumutyairi weinishuwarenzi kutyora Chikamu 2 cheArt. 12.3 yeCode of Administrative Offences yeRussian Federation uye inorangwa nefaindi ye500 rubles. kana yambiro.

Kutyaira motokari mukusavapo nemaune kwechibvumirano cheOSAGO imhosva yekutonga iyo inotemerwa faindi ye800 rubles.

Ndima 2 yeArt. 19 yeFederal Law yaDecember 10.12.1995, 196 No. 2014-FZ "Pamugwagwa Kuchengetedzwa" inogadza kurambidzwa kwekushanda kwemotokari nemutyairi ane mhosva isina inshuwarisi pasi pechibvumirano cheOSAGO. Zvisinei, kusiyana nezviitiko zvekutyaira wakadhakwa, semuenzaniso, hapana nzira dzinoshanda dzekumanikidza kurambidzwa. Kusvikira munaNovember XNUMX, pasina chibvumirano cheinishuwarenzi chakakodzera, rezinesi ndiro yakabviswa mumotokari, uye muridzi wemotokari aifanira kubudisa mutemo mukati meawa makumi maviri nemana pashure pacho. Iye zvino chiyero chekuchengetedza chakadaro hachina kushandiswa uye kurambidzwa kuripo kunozivisa.

Parizvino, State Duma iri kufunga nezvemutemo weNo. zvese zvekutadza kuzadzisa chisungo cheinishuwarenzi inosungirwa, uye kutyaira mota nemutyairi asina kunyoreswa kana kunze kwenguva yakatarwa. Kubva muna Chivabvu 365162, iyo dhizaini haisati yapfuura kuverenga kwekutanga, asi Komiti yeHurumende Duma yeKutakura neKuvaka yakagadzwa nemubati-mubatanidzwa yakapa mhedziso yakaipa. Maererano neKomiti, kuwedzera kwehukuru hwefaindi hakusi kungokurudzira varidzi vemotokari kuti vachengetedze mutoro, asi zvakare "kuchaita kuti kuve nekukurudzira kwakasimba mukusimudzira uye kubudirira kwehuori mumusika weOSAGO."

Mhedziso yekomiti iyi inoshamisa. Vagadziri vemitemo havana kunetseka kuti vatsigire mhedziso iyi inoshamisa. Mutero uripo we800 rubles. (400 rubles yekubhadhara mukati memazuva makumi maviri), pane zvinopesana, inokurudzira varidzi vemotokari kuti vasagumisa chibvumirano. Kunyange kana mukati megore mutyairi akadaro achizobhadhariswa mwedzi wega wega, izvo zvisingaite, uye achibhadhara faindi munguva pfupi, mari yese haingapfuure yakakodzera inishuwarenzi. Kuwedzera kwefaindi kusvika kumari inofananidzwa nemutengo weiyo mutemo inonzwisisika mamiriro ayo anobatsira zvakanyanya kugadzira kontrakiti pane kubhadhara faindi 20-2 nguva pagore. Mune huwori hupi huripo mumusika weOSAGO uye ndeapi vakuru vane huori vachatora mhedziso kubva kune faindi dzakakwirira, sezviri pachena, nhengo dzeKomiti chete dzinoziva. Kana zvichifungidzirwa kuti vanhu vakadaro vachava mapurisa emigwagwa, saka nyaya yacho iri kure nepamusoro pehuwandu hweinishuwarenzi yemotokari uye haigoni kuverengwa pakugadzirisa matambudziko einishuwarenzi inomanikidzirwa. Muchiitiko ichi, zvingava zvine musoro kudzima mutoro wekushaya inishuwarenzi uye chero kumwe kutyora.

Mutariri wemapurisa emigwagwa akasvika panzvimbo yenjodzi, pakati pezviito zvekutanga, anotarisa magwaro evatori vechikamu mutsaona, kusanganisira mitemo yeOSAGO. Kuti utarise huchokwadi hwechibvumirano, vanoongorora traffic vanopihwa nharembozha dzekutaurirana dzinovatendera kuti vakurumidze kuwana ruzivo kubva kuRSA dhatabhesi kana dhatabhesi redhipatimendi. Kusavapo kana kusashanda kweinishuwarenzi paunosangana nemapurisa kunyoreswa mutsaona yemotokari ichasimbiswa zvese zvine chekuita neakapara mhosva uye akabatwa. Kunyangwe kana nyaya iyi ikasatariswa nemapurisa emumigwagwa, hapana kana inshuwarisi imwe chete ichaita muripo pasi pemutemo usina kukodzera.

Mhedzisiro yekusave nekontrakiti yeinishuwarenzi inoshanda

Pamusoro pezvirango zvehutungamiriri, mupari wetsaona yemumugwagwa anosungirwa kuruzhinji nezvekukuvara kwaitwa. Uyezve, munhu anenge akuvadzwa haasungirwe nzira yekuona huwandu hwekukuvadza hunoshandiswa pakuona kuwanda kwekukuvadzwa, uye nzira yakatarwa yekubhadhara muripo. Huwandu hwekukuvadza hwakatemwa zvinoenderana neUnified Methodology, yakatenderwa. NeMutemo weCentral Bank yeSeptember 19.09.2014, 432 Nha. Iko kuverenga inofunga kupfeka kusvika ku50% yemutengo chaiwo wezvikamu. Mukuwedzera, mitemo yeOSAGO inoreva nzira yekubhadhara, uye kana muripo wekukuvadza nemunhu ane mhosva, munhu anenge abatwa pachake anogona kusarudza sarudzo yakasarudzwa yekubhadhara - kudzosa mari kana kusungirwa kugadzirisa.

Mhosva isina inshuwarisi inotakura mutoro wakazara wehurumende nokuda kwekukuvadzwa kwakaitwa

Muchiitiko chekubhadharwa kwekukuvadza zvakananga nemhosva, kukanganisa kuchagadziriswa zvichienderana nedzimwe nzira. Pazvishoma, dare harizofungi nezvekupfeka uye kubvarura kwezvikamu. Mutengo wekugadzirisa uchatemerwa nemitengo chaiyo pasina kurangarira zvidzikiso izvo mainishuwarenzi ane kubva kune vanobatana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, huwandu chaihwo hwekukuvadza hunofanirwa kubhadharwa nemhosva inoshanduka kuva yakakura kupfuura iyo yakaverengerwa nekambani yeinishuwarenzi.

Pamusoro pekukuvadza pachayo, muparidzi anogona kubhadhariswa mari yekuwedzera:

• kuita ongororo yakazvimirira;
• kurori yekudhonza kubva panzvimbo yetsaona kuenda kunzvimbo yekuchengetera mota, service station, kana mota isingakwanisi kufamba;
• mari yekupaka, kana mota ichifanira kuiswa munzvimbo yekupaka yakachengetedzwa mushure metsaona kuitira kudzivirira kumwe kukuvadzwa (somuenzaniso, munhu akabatwa haana garaji uye mota inowanzopakwa pachivanze);
• postal (yekutumira materegiramu nezvekuongorora, nezvimwewo);
• dzimwe mari dzine chekuita netsaona.

Kubhadhara kwekukuvara kusiri kwepecuniary kuchave kupora chaiko kubva kune ane mhosva yetsaona. Mukushayikwa kwekukuvara kwemuviri, huwandu hwekubhadhara kwekukuvara kwetsika huchave husina kukosha - kwete kupfuura 1000-2000 rubles. Naizvozvo, vanenge vawirwa nenjodzi kazhinji havanetseki kuita zvichemo zvakadaro kumutyairi kana muripo wakaitwa neinishuwarenzi. Pakutora muripo weinishuwarenzi kubva kuinishuwarenzi mudare, zvichemo zvekuripwa kwekukuvadzwa kwetsika zvinoitwa panguva imwe chete. Asi munyaya iyi, kukanganisa kwetsika kunokonzerwa nezviito zvisiri pamutemo zvekambani yeinishuwarenzi, inoratidzwa mukunonoka mukubhadhara kana kuramba. Mhosva inokonzera kukuvadzwa kwetsika kune akabatwa maererano nezvakaitika uye kutambura kunokonzerwa netsaona uye kukanganisa kwemotokari. Muchiitiko chekudzorerwa kwekutonga kwekukuvadzwa kwezvinhu kubva kune ane mhosva, muripo wekukuvara kwetsika "uchabatanidzwa".

Mutadzi achavewo nemhosva yekubhadhara chikwereti chekubhadhara kunonoka kana kubhadharwa kwekukuvara kusina kuitwa panguva yakakodzera, dare uye mari yekumanikidzira munyaya yekumanikidzirwa, nezvimwewo. Pamusoro pechikamu chezvinhu, vatori vechikamu muchiitiko vachamanikidzwa. kutaurirana, kugamuchira zvimwe zvibvumirano. Pamberi pechibvumirano cheOSAGO, mapato haana zvikwereti zvemari (kana huwandu hwekukuvadza husingapfuure huwandu hweinishuwarenzi) uye, kubva pakuona kwemari, havana hanya nemafungiro emumwe nemumwe kune mhedzisiro ine. zvakaitika - mupari wemhosva haana hanya nekukuvadza kwaakaita, uye munhu akabatwa haafarire zvaanofunga pamusoro pehuwandu hwekukuvadza. Asi kana chisungo chekuripa kukuvara chaiswa kune ane mhosva, zvido zvemapato zvinopesana zvakananga. Mupari wemhosva anoda kudzikisa huwandu hwekukuvadza uye mhosva yake muchiitiko, munhu akabatwa anotarisira kudzoreredza mari dzese dzakaitwa.

Kusavapo kwemutemo weOSAGO weakabatwa kunosanganisira mhedzisiro imwe chete yakaipa kune ane mhosva - kusakwanisa kuburitsa tsaona pasina kubatanidzwa kwemapurisa emumigwagwa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo izvi zvinopihwa nemitemo yeOSAGO:

• kuwanda kwekukuvadza hakupfuuri muganhu wakagadzwa - kubva 01.06.2018/100/000 XNUMX rubles;
• motokari mbiri dzakapinda mutsaona uye motokari chete dzaive dzakakanganiswa;
• mamiriro echiitiko haakonzeri kukakavara pakati pevatori vechikamu (mhosva haina kupokana), uye kubva 01.06.2018/100/000 nekukuvadza kusvika kuXNUMX rubles. pasina kuonana nemapurisa emigwagwa, zvinokwanisika kunyoresa chiitiko kunyangwe paine kusawirirana.

Kusavapo kwemutemo weOSAGO kune chero anotora chikamu hakubvumiri kunyoreswa kwetsaona zvinoenderana nemitemo yeEuropean Protocol.

Kune akabatwa, kusavapo kwemutemo weOSAGO kubva kune ane mhosva, kunze kwekutadza kuisa tsaona pasina kuonana nemapurisa, zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwezvinhu. Mari shoma yemupari wemhosva inoita kuti zvinyanye kuomera nyajambwa kuwana muripo. Kunyangwe pakaitika nyaya neinishuwarenzi, nyaya yekubhadhara inogadziriswa mukati menguva inogamuchirwa. Nzira yekuunganidza kubva panguva iyo chikumbiro chinotumirwa kune chaiyo kugamuchira mari kazhinji haitore mwedzi inopfuura 4-5, uye muzviitiko zvakawanda nyaya dzose dzinogadziriswa pamutambo wepamberi mukati memwedzi. Pakuwanazve zvakakanganisika kubva kumunhu, mutongo wedare kazhinji kazhinji unongoreva kutanga kwenzira refu uye yakaoma yokugamuchira mari chaizvoizvo. Zvinogoneka kuti munhu akabatwa haazokwanisi kuwana chero chinhu kubva kune tortfeasor, zviri pamutemo. Kubva pachinzvimbo chemunhu anenge abatwa, tichaenderera mberi tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuitika kana kukuvadzwa kuchikonzerwa nemutyairi asina inshuwarisi.

Zvekuita kana paita tsaona kana mupari wemhosva asina mutemo

Mabasa akazara evatyairi kana pakaitika tsaona anotsanangurwa mundima 2.5 - 2.6 yeSDA. Tichifunga nezvezvinodiwa zvakasimbiswa nemutemo weOSAGO, uye maererano nemusoro uri kutariswa, isu tichaona nzira yezviito zvevatori vechikamu mutsaona. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, vatyairi vanopinda mutsaona vanofanira:

• pakarepo mira kutyaira, batidza chiratidzo chekukurumidzira uye woisa zvikwangwani zvekumira nekukurumidza nenzira yekuti vanozivisa vatyairi pamberi pekuvapo kwenjodzi munzira yekufamba kwavo (munzvimbo dzine vanhu vasiri pasi pe15 m kubva panzvimbo ye chipingamupinyi, kunze kwenzvimbo dzine vanhu - kwete pasi pe30 m);
• chengetedza nzvimbo yemotokari isina kuchinjwa mushure menjodzi, uye zvakare usafambisa kana kubvisa (kuchenesa) iyo scree yakaumbwa nekuda kwekukanganisa, zviratidzo zvebhureki, chengetedza zvakaputsika zvikamu uye zvikamu zvemichina, kutakura uye chero zvimwe zvinhu. panzvimbo yekuwa.

Kana vanhu vakakuvadzwa nekuda kwechiitiko chacho, pakarepo vape rubatsiro rwekutanga, kana zvichidiwa, danai ambulensi (nhamba imwe yekukurumidzira kubva pafoni 112). Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira, vatori vechikamu mutsaona vanosungirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuendeswa kwevanobatwa kunzvimbo yekurapa kuburikidza nekupfuura chekufambisa, uye kana zvisingaite, kuvaendesa ivo pachavo mumotokari yavo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai, mutyairi haakwanisi kupiwa mhosva yekuti akabva panzvimbo yaitikira tsaona. Mutyairi anosungirwa kupa vashandi vesangano rekurapa nedata rake, nhamba yerezinesi yemota uye nekupa pasipoti (inotsiva gwaro) kana rezinesi rekutyaira uye magwaro emota. Mushure mekuendesa munhu akakuvara, mutyairi anofanira kudzokera kunzvimbo yetsaona.

Kana nzvimbo yemotokari mumugwagwa mushure mokunge njodzi ichidzivirira kupfuura kweimwe motokari, vatori vechikamu mutsaona vanosungirwa kubvisa nzira yemotokari. Vasati vabvisa ndima, vatyairi vanosungirwa kurekodha, kusanganisira nekutora mifananidzo uye vhidhiyo kudhirowa, nzvimbo yemotokari dzakaumbwa mushure metsaona, scree, mabhureki mabhureki uye zvikamu zvakadonha uye zvinhu zvichireva chinhu chiri pedyo chakamira mugwagwa kana chimwe chinhu (parutivi rwemugwagwa, zviratidzo zvemumugwagwa, dzimba, mapango, panomira mabhazi, nezvimwewo). Chero zvazvingaitika, iwe unofanirwa kudhirowa dhayagiramu yenzvimbo yetsaona pabepa zvinoenderana nemitemo yemapurisa emumigwagwa, ichiratidza mamiriro emota mushure mekudhumhana, kusungirira kunharaunda uye zvichiratidza:

• kureba pakati pemotokari panzvimbo dzakanyanyisa;
• nzvimbo dzekuita;
• nzira yekufamba isati yabonderana;
• mabhureki wake kureba uye trajectory;
• nzvimbo, kugadzirisa uye saizi ye scree;
• nzvimbo dzezvikamu uye zvinhu zvakaputsika uye zvakadonha kubva mumotokari;
• kureba kubva kumotokari kuenda kudivi remugwagwa, muganho;
• hupamhi hwenzira yekutakura uye nzira dzemotokari;
• chinhambwe kuenda kuchinhu chakamisikidzwa (mumugwagwa wemugwenga, aya anogona kunge ari makiromita mapositi, zvinhu zviri kure, hunhu hunokotama munzira, geographical zvinhu, nezvimwewo).

Urongwa uhwu hunoumbwa segwaro rimwe chete rikasainwa nevatyairi vese vapinda mutsaona. Kana kusawirirana kusingagadzirisiki kuchimuka kana mumwe wevatori vechikamu aramba kudhirowa chirongwa, gwaro rinofanira kudhirowa pasina kubatanidzwa kwake uye nechiratidzo chekuramba. Mapikicha uye marekodhi evhidhiyo anofanirwa kusimbisa ruzivo rwunoratidzwa muchirongwa.

Chirongwa chenzvimbo yetsaona chinofanirwa kunyorwa nevatori vechikamu muchiitiko ichi vachitevedzera mitemo yakapihwa mukugadzirira chirongwa nemapurisa emigwagwa.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve kugona kweDVR: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/videoregistrator-s-radar-detektorom.html

Inobvumirwa kushandura nzvimbo yemotokari mushure mengozi pamberi pevanotambudzwa chete kana, nekuchengetedza nzvimbo isina kuchinjwa, kupfuura kwemamwe motokari hazvibviri. Kuchinja kurongeka nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwezvipingamupinyi kufamba kwakasununguka, kuumbwa kwemigwagwa yemigwagwa uye mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu asingavharidzi zvachose ndima anogona kuve akakodzera sekubva panzvimbo yenjodzi. Kana pasina vanotambudzwa, motokari dzinogona kubviswa kwete chete kana zvisingakwanisi kuti dzimwe motokari dzipfuure, asiwo kana zvakaoma.

Kana pakaitika tsaona nevakakuvara, vatyairi vanofanirwawo kuona zvapupu zvechiitiko uye kutora data kubva kwavari (mazita, kero, nhamba dzenhare). Zvapupu zvinogona kuva vapfuuri vakamirira panzvimbo dzinomira, vatyairi uye vafambi vemotokari dzinopfuura panguva yetsaona (kana vatyairi vakamira), vanhu vari muzvivako zviri pedyo, nezvimwewo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuwana zvapupu mumamiriro ezvinhu apo nzvimbo yemotokari ine zvakachinjwa pakashaikwa vanyajambwa.

Dzidza maitiro ekudzivirira tsaona dzehusiku: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/kak-ne-usnut-za-rulem.html

Nyaya yekuti vatyairi vane inishuwarenzi inofanira kugadziriswa nokukurumidza mushure mokunge mabasa ekutanga aitwa. Kana muparadzi wetsaona asina mutemo weOSAGO, zvimwe zviitiko zvinogona kukura mumativi maviri:

1. Kana kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa chete kumotokari uye pfuma yevatori vechikamu, hapana vanhu vakakuvadzwa, mutadzi haarambi mhosva uye akagadzirira kubhadhara ipapo, kudana mapurisa emigwagwa hazvikurudzirwi. Mitemo yemigwagwa inobvumira mukana wekusaisa chiitiko nenzira ipi zvayo, kana pasina mumwe wevatori vechikamu anoomerera pane izvi (ndima yekupedzisira ye clause 2.6.1 yemitemo yemigwagwa). Kuramba kuunza chiitiko kunonyima munhu akabatwa mukana wekuzoratidza mamiriro echiitiko chacho kana kuomesa zvakanyanya maitiro ehumbowo, saka, zvinokwanisika kubvumirana nekusimudzira kwakadai kwehukama chete kana kugadzirisa kuri nekukurumidza kubvisa mari kubva kuATM iri pedyo, hama kana shamwari dzichaunzwa kunzvimbo yetsaona, nezvimwewo) .). Kusvikira kugamuchirwa kwemari chaiyo, hazvibviri kuchinja nzvimbo yemotokari uye kubva panzvimbo yechiitiko chacho. Kuendeswa kwemari kunofanirwa kunyoreswa nekunyora risiti kana chiito, izvo zvinofanirwa kuratidza:
   • nguva nenzvimbo yechiitiko;
   • dhata yega yevatori vechikamu (zita rakazara, pasipoti kana rezinesi rekutyaira data, nzvimbo yekugara, nhamba yefoni);
   • ruzivo nezve mota dzakabatanidzwa mutsaona (modhi, rezinesi plate);
   • muchidimbu mamiriro echiitiko chacho, kukanganisa kunoguma;
   • kubvuma mhosva;
   • mari yakabhadharwa.
2. Kana mamiriro echiitiko akonzera kukakavara, hapana kubatana pakuongorora kukanganisa, kune vanotambudzwa kana kuti mutadzi asina kugadzirira kubhadhara pakarepo, kubata mapurisa emigwagwa kunokosha. Zvipikirwa zvekubhadhara mumazuva mashomanana zvinofanira kurapwa zvakasimba. Kunyange kana mupari wemhosva akabvuma mhosva yake nekunyora uye otora mitoro yekuripa kukuvadzwa kwacho, hapana chinomutadzisa kudzokorora mashoko ake. Chiziviso chakapedzwa chakabudiswa paunenge uchikumbira mutemo weOSAGO (dzimwe nguva unonzi European protocol), kana kuti chisungo chakanyorwa chekubhadhara dare, zvakanakisisa, zvichangova uchapupu hwokuti mushure menjodzi muiti wacho aifunga kuti ane mhosva. Mutyairi achakwanisa kutsanangura kufungidzira kwemhosva nemamiriro ekuvhunduka, kuongorora kusina kururama kwemamiriro ezvinhu, kusaziva, kana kunyange kumanikidzwa kwepfungwa kubva kune akabatwa.

Mitemo yemumugwagwa inobvumira mukana wekunyoresa tsaona paine kusawirirana kwete panzvimbo yaitikira tsaona, asi pachiteshi chemapurisa chemumigwagwa chiri pedyo kana chikwata chemapurisa. Izvi zvinogoneka chete pahwaro hwemurairo wakananga kubva kumupurisa akasvika kana kupiwa naye nerunhare pakushuma chiitiko. Chero zvazvingava, mapurisa anofanira kuziviswa kuti mutadzi kana munhu akabatwa haana mutemo weOSAGO. Pakugamuchira mirairo yekuburitsa magwaro kwete panzvimbo yetsaona, vatyairi vanofanirwa kunyora nzvimbo yetsaona nenzira yakaratidzwa pamusoro uye kuenda kunzvimbo yakatarwa.

Nzira yekudzorera mari yekukuvara kubva kune ane mhosva kana asina mutemo

Muripo wekukuvara unogona kuitwa nekuzvidira kana nekusazvidira. Kusavapo kwemutemo weOSAGO nemuridzi wemotokari hakuratidzi pachena kusavimbika kwemunhu, asi dzimwe mhedziso dzinozviratidzira ivo pachavo. Naizvozvo, chero zvakadaro, munhu anofanirwa kutarisisa pakuumbwa kwehumbowo hwakakosha.

Muripo wokuzvidira

Nekukuvadza kwakakura, havasi vese vanopara mhosva vane mukana wekuti ipapo kana munguva pfupi vabhadhare munhu akabatwa. Pakugadzirisa nyaya dzemuripo wekukuvadza, sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogamuchirwa kune ese ari maviri dzinofanira kukurukurwa:

• chikamu kana kuderedzwa kwekubhadhara;
• kubatanidzwa pamwe chete mukubhadhara kwekugadzirisa nekudzorera kunotevera nemhosva yemitengo yemunhu akabatwa;
• kupa mupari wemhosva nguva inodiwa yekukumbira chikwereti, kutengesa pfuma kuti igadziriswe nemunhu akabatwa, nezvimwewo;
• kuzadzikiswa kwezvisungo mune dzimwe nzira (kuendesa pfuma, kuita basa, nezvimwewo);
• kuzadzikiswa kwechisungo nemumwe munhu, nezvimwe.

Chibvumirano pamusoro pekuzvidira muripo wekukuvara kunofanira kuitwa mukunyora.

Nzira yakabvumiranwa inofanira kugadziriswa nechibvumirano chakanyorwa chinoratidza kubvumirwa kwemhosva nemunhu anenge apinda mutsaona. Zvisungo zvekubhadhara kukuvadzwa hazvigone kubva muchibvumirano, asi gwaro rakanyorwa richava humbowo husina kunanga hwedare uchifarira munhu anenge abatwa nemhosva kana mupari wemhosva akazotyora zvibvumirano zvechibvumirano kana kutanga kupokana mhosva. Chibvumirano chekutanga chemuenzaniso chinogona kuonekwa pano.

Kusarudza kuwanda kwekukuvadza

Nhanho inonyanya kukosha pakugadzirisa nyaya yekuripa kukuvadza ndeyekuona huwandu hwekukuvara. Hapana mibvunzo inofanira kumuka mudare kana munhaurirano nemupari wemhosva pamusoro pemari yakafanira kana nyakubhinywa akagadzirisa mota pawekishopu nemari yake achitevedzera zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa (pachiteshi chemotokari yewaranti, pamusangano wepamutemo. yemota isiri-waranti ine yakajairika mhando uye nemazuva ekupedzisira). Zvinodiwa zvakanyanya panzvimbo, mamiriro, tekinoroji uye mamiriro ekugadzirisa hazvigutsikane nedare uye hazvifanirwe kubhadharwa nemupari wemhosva achizvidira (semuenzaniso, munhu anenge abatwa achada kutsiva zvikamu zvinogadziriswa, kuisa zvinhu zvinodhura tsiva iyo yakakuvadzwa, ita kugadzirisa kwete kune ari pedyo ane mvumo mutengesi panzvimbo yekugara muTula, uye muMoscow, nezvimwewo).

Imwe nzira yekurekodha kukuvadzwa kwakagamuchirwa uye kusimbisa mutengo wekugadzirisa ndeyekupa yekutanga odha. Kuti uite izvi, motokari yakakanganisika inofanira kutumirwa kuchiteshi chebasa, iyo ichaparadzaniswa, inooneka uye yakavanzika kukuvara kuchagadziriswa, uye mari inofungidzirwa yekugadzirisa ichasimbiswa. Mushure mokubvisa motokari, nzvimbo yebasa inofanira kutanga kugadzirisa. Iyo tekinoroji chiteshi ingangoda kubhadharwa kwechikamu kana kubhadhara kwezvikamu uye zvikamu zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa. Mukushayikwa kwekubhadhara, kugadzirisa hakuzoitwe, uye muridzi wemotokari achabhadharirwa kuchengetedza mota. Iwe unogona kudzorera mari yekubhadhara mari kubva kune ane mhosva kana kugadziriswa kwakanonoka kuburikidza nekukanganisa kwake, asi hapana anoda mamwe mari. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kutyaira mota kuenda kuchiteshi uye kuiparadzanisa mushure mekugadzirisa nyaya yekuripa kukuvadzwa neane mhosva kana, kana zvichibvira, kubhadhara kuzvigadzirisa iwe pachako.

Kuti uone kukuvara kwakavanzika pachiteshi chebasa, zvinodikanwa kuparadzanisa mota

Nzira yepasirese uye yakavimbika kune ese mapato ndeyekuita bvunzo yakazvimirira. Chirevo chemuappraiser chinozodikanwawo kuisa chikumbiro kana kupokana kwaenda kumatare edzimhosva. Mutengo wekuongorora unoenderana nenzvimbo, vhoriyamu uye chimiro chekukuvadza, muenzaniso wemotokari. Nokuda kwekutarisa, unogona kutumidza nhamba 7000-10000 rubles. Kuongorora kwekutanga hakuzoone kukuvadzwa kwakavanzika. Mushure mekubvisa muchina pawekishopu, zvingave zvakafanira kuita kumwe kuongorora uye kugadzirira wedzero kumagumo. Nyaya yekubhadhara kuongororwa inofanira kusarudzwa pamusoro pechibvumirano chevatori vechikamu mutsaona, kana vakasarudza nzira iyi yekuona kuwanda kwekukuvadza. Sekubvumirana, unogona kuita kuti mota iongororwe nenyanzvi kana nyanzvi. Zvichida haisi bvunzo dzese dzakazvimirira dzinoita ongororo pasina kunyora rondedzero, asi zvakakodzera kutsvaga kambani yakadai. Muchiitiko ichi, mushumo wekuongorora netafura yemufananidzo inodiwa inodhura 1000-3000 rubles, uye pamusana pemushumo wekuongorora, mushumo wekugadzirisa mutengo unogona kudhindwa chero nguva. Sezvo mutemo mukuru, kuwanda kwekukuvadza kunotarirwa nenyanzvi pazuva renjodzi.

Enforced collection

Kana mupari wemhosva asina kubhadhara ipapo uye pasina chibvumirano chakaitwa pamaitiro emuripo uye kuwanda kwekukuvara, kana mupari wemhosva akatyora zvisungo zvake kana kukuvadzwa kwacho hakuna kubhadharwa zvizere, nzira chete yepamutemo ndeye kupora. Zviitiko zvinogona kukura munzira dzinoverengeka:

1. Mapepa emapurisa emumigwagwa anopihwa, asi mupari wemhosva anoramba kutsiva kukanganisa. Munhu anenge akuvadzwa anofanira kumhan’arira kuti adzore kukuvara kwakonzerwa netsaona. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mupari wemhosva anogona kazhinji kuenda kunopikisa mhosva yake. Nyaya yemhosva ichagadziriswa nenzira imwe chete. Zvichienderana nedanho uye "kusika", mutadzi anogona kunge ari wekutanga kumhan'arira kambani yeinishuwarenzi yemunhu anenge abatwa nekukuvadzwa, achisimbirira pamhosva yake, kuendesa mhosva kune akabatwa neinishuwarenzi yake, kana kutaura zvaanopokana nazvo. kutadza kukonzeresa kukuvara kana uchifunga nezvenyaya yemunhu akabatwa. Kare, mutadzi angaedza kukwidza chisarudzo (kutsunga) kwemapurisa emigwagwa. Mutori wechikamu mutsaona anofanira kutora chikamu mukuita kwakadaro, sezvo mumiririri haazokwanisi kupa tsanangudzo yakazara pamusoro pemamiriro echiitiko chacho.
2. Zvinyorwa zvemapurisa emigwagwa zvinourawa, mutadzi haapikisane nemhosva, haarambi kubhadhara kukanganisa, asi haabhadhara nokuzvidira. Aya ndiwo mamiriro akajairika. Mupari wemhosva haana nzira yekugadzirisa kukanganisa uye anongoenda nekuyerera. Kukwidza nyaya muzviitiko zvakadaro kazhinji hakuna kuoma.
3. Zvinyorwa zvemapurisa emigwagwa zvinourawa, mutadzi akabhadhara chikamu chekukuvara uye anotenda kuti mari yakabhadharwa yakakwana. Pane kukakavara pamusoro pehuwandu hwekukuvadza. Kudzoreredza kunoitwawo mumatare, asi kuongororwa kwe forensic kunogona kudikanwa kuratidza huwandu hwekukuvara. Dare rinogona kugadza kuongororwa pakukumbira kwemupomerwi, kunyange kana asingapi uchapupu hwakakwana hwokuti zvinodiwa zvakataurwa hazvienderani nekukuvara chaiko.
4. Mapepa emapurisa emigwagwa haana kuurayiwa, kune mvumo yakanyorwa yemhosva yekubhadhara kukanganisa (tsamba yevimbiso, chiziviso chenjodzi, nezvimwewo) kana kuti hapana chiripo. Kana mupari wemhosva akafunga kupikisa mhosva yekukonzera kukanganisa, chimiro uye kukura kwekukuvadzwa, zvichave zvakaoma zvikuru kune akabatwa kuratidza chimiro chake. "Vane ruzivo" vanoita zvakaipa vanogona kuenda nenzira iyi. Pamusana pekushaikwa kwemutemo weOSAGO, vanokumbira munhu anenge abatwa kuti arege kudana mapurisa emigwagwa, achivimbisa kubhadhara mukati memazuva 1-2. Mukutsigira mazwi, risiti inopihwa inoratidza huwandu, asi pasina runyorwa rwekukuvadza uye tsananguro yemamiriro ezvinhu. Mushure mezvo, mitemo yekubhadhara inogara ichimiswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, munhu akabatwa, pane zvakanakisa, ane mushumo wemuongorori kana hurongwa hwebasa hwakarongwa gare gare kupfuura zuva retsaona, iyo isingasimbise nguva nemamiriro ekukuvadza, uye risiti isingakoshi. Zvakaoma kuvimba nechisarudzo chakanaka chedare mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Iwe unogona kurumbidza hunyengeri hudiki mukugadzirisa kwekutonga kwegakava pamusoro pemuripo wekukuvadzwa nemhosva. Maererano nemumhan'ari, Art. 139 yeCode of Civil Procedure yeRussian Federation inopa mukana wekumisikidza nedare matanho ekuchengetedza kupomerwa, kunyanya, kusungwa kwemupomerwi pfuma uye pfuma yake. Kana mutadzi ari muridzi wemotokari inobatanidzwa mutsaona uye iyo inonzi inokuvadza yakawanda, chirevo chacho chinofanira kuiswa panguva imwechete sekutora kwemotokari. Mutongi anonyanya kupa chikumbiro chemurevereri kana chiyero chemhosva chisingakoshi kana chichienzaniswa nekukosha kwemotokari yemhosva. Kuiswa kwekusungwa, chekutanga, kwakavimbika kunovimbisa kuitwa kwemutongo wedare, uye chechipiri, zvinogara zvichiratidza kudzvinyirirwa kwepfungwa kune ane mhosva.

Pre-kutongwa kuda

Maitiro ekukumbira haasungirwe muhukama pakati pevanhu uye haashandiswe mukuita. Kana muparadzi asina kuchengetedzwa akave sangano repamutemo, chirevo chekutanga chinogona kubatsira mukugadzirisa nguva yezvisungo. Masangano haafanire kusaina chibvumirano chekubvuma mhosva uye nekuzvidira muripo wekukuvara, sezvo gwaro rakadaro risina kukanganisa kubva pakuona kwemutemo.

Chikumbiro chinofanira kutaura (muenzaniso pano):

• addressee name;
• data yemunhu akabatwa;
• zita "Chirevo chemuripo wekukuvara kwakakonzerwa nekuda kwetsaona";
• tsananguro yechiitiko, zvichiratidza vatori vechikamu nemotokari;
• zvinodiwa;
• mazuva ekupedzisira ekuzvidira kugutsikana kwezvichemo.

Zvinyorwa izvo mupari wemhosva asina zvinofanirwa kubatanidzwa kune chikumbiro:

• mushumo weappraiser pamusoro pehuwandu hwekukuvadza, kurongeka kwebasa, invoice yekugadzirisa;
• marisiti anosimbisa mari yakabatana (kubhadhara masevhisi eanoongorora, mari yerori yekudhonza kana mota isingakwanisi kufamba, nezvimwewo;
• PTS kana SR TS.

Mapepa emapurisa emumigwagwa haagone kusungirirwa, sezvo ane mhosva aine kodzero yekuzvitora iye pachake. Kubva pakupera kwenguva yekuzvidira kugutsikana kwezvikumbiro, mubereko unogona kubhadhariswa zuva rega rega rekunonoka mukubhadhara zvinoenderana neArt. 395 yeCivil Code yeRussian Federation zvichibva pachiyero chakakosha cheCentral Bank. Chiyero chiripo 7,25% pagore. Nhamba yose yemubereko ichave isingakoshi, asi chirango chakawedzerwa uye faindi inogona kushandiswa chete kune inshurensi. Muchiitiko chekunonoka mukubhadhara nemunhu ane mhosva - munhu, mubereko unowanikwa kubva pazuva rakagadzwa nechibvumirano chekubhadhara kwekuzvidira kwemuripo.

Kupora kwekutonga

Mhosva inosvitswa kuDare reMagistrate nemari yekuda kusvika ku50 rubles. (kukuvadzwa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvese zvinokumbirwa, kunze kwekubhadharwa kwekukuvara kusiri kwepecuniary) kana kudare redunhu nemari yakawanda. Iwe unogona kugadzirira kudai uye kuitisa maitiro iwe pachako, kana mutadzi asingapokane nemhosva uye kuwanda kwekukuvadza. Muenzaniso wekukumbira une magwaro akabatanidzwa unowanikwa pano. Paunenge uchidzora zvakakanganiswa kubva kune ane mhosva, mutero wehurumende unobhadharwa mumari inotarwa nendima. 000) ndima 1 yeArt. 1 yeMutero Code yeRussian Federation. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinokurudzirwa kutsvaga mazano emutemo. Kuendesa mupari wemhosva kumatare edzimhosva nekuda kwekutyora mitemo yemumigwagwa hausi humbowo hwakakwana hwekuti dare riratidze mhosva yake mukukuvadza. Dare mune dzimwe nyaya rinogona kumisikidza mhosva yekuwirirana kwevatori vechikamu uye kunyangwe kusavapo kwehukama pakati pekutyorwa kwemitemo yemigwagwa uye kukuvadza.

Nzira chete yepamutemo yekumanikidza kudzoserwa kwezvakakuvadzwa idanho rekutonga.

Mushure mekupinda musimba remutongo wedare wakagutsa zvinodiwa nemunhu akabatwa, unofanira kugamuchira gwaro rekuuraya uye woriendesa kuFSSP panzvimbo yekugara kwemutadzi. Kana mukwereti asina mari yakakwana pamaakaunti nemakadhi kuti aite sarudzo, mubatsiri anogona kutanga kunyima mari inounganidzwa kubva muhoro muhuwandu hunosvika makumi mashanu muzana. Kana motokari yemhosva yakabatwa, sarudzo inogona kusimbiswa kuburikidza nekutengeswa kwemotokari. Padanho rekuuraya, matambudziko mazhinji anogona kumuka ane chekuita nekushaikwa kwemari kana muhoro usiri wepamutemo weane mhosva.

Vhidhiyo: chii chaunofanira kuita kune akabatwa kana mutadzi asina mutemo weOSAGO unoshanda

Ko uyo akakuvara anofanira kuitei kana mutadzi asina OSAGO?

Kusavapo kwegwaro reOSAGO hakuna kunaka kwete chete kune ane mhosva akakonzera kukuvadza nekuda kwetsaona, asiwo kune akabatwa, uyo, panzvimbo yekukurumidza kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu mukambani yeinishuwarenzi, anomanikidzwa kuita imwe nhaurirano, kutongwa kwenyaya nekutevedzwa kwemhosva. Kuzadzika kwehana kwemutoro weinishuwarenzi yemhosva kunoratidza maitiro akakodzera emuridzi wemotokari kune vamwe uye iye pachake.