Dry sump lubrication system

Chero chero injini yemukati yekupisa inoda yemhando lubrication system. Ichi chinodikanwa chiri nekuda kwekugara kuchishandiswa kwechikamu cheyuniti pasi pemamiriro ekuwedzera kwekumanikidza kushushikana (semuenzaniso, apo injini ichimhanya, crankshaft inotenderera ichienderera, uye mapistoni ari mumasirinda anodzorera). Zvekuti zvikamu zvinokweshana zvichipesana hazvifanirwe kusakara. Injini yemafuta inogadzira firimu rekudzivirira, kuitira kuti nzvimbo dzirege kusangana zvakananga (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve zvivakwa zvemafuta enjini uye nzira yekusarudza chaiyo yeinjini yemoto yemota yako, verenga zvakasiyana).

Kunyangwe paine mafirimu emafuta anodzivirira kukakavara kwakaomarara kwezvikamu zveinjini, kupfeka kuchiri kuumbwa pavari. Nekudaro, zvidimbu zvidiki zvesimbi zvinoonekwa. Kana ivo vakasara vari pamusoro pechikamu, kugadzirwa pairi kuchawedzera, uye mutyairi anofanirwa kuisa mota kuti igadzirise zvakanyanya. Neichi chikonzero, zvakanyanya kukosha kuti mune sump inokwana chiyero chakaringana, nerubatsiro rwekuti zvese zvikamu zveyuniti yemagetsi zvakaiswa mafuta. Tsvina yacho inodururwa musump uye inoramba irimo kusvikira yabviswa nekukwesva kana kurasa mushure mekubvisa sutu.

Kuwedzera kune ayo lubricating zvivakwa, iwo mafuta anoita basa rekuwedzera kutonhora. Sezvo paine nguva dzose kupisa kwemhepo-musanganiswa wemafuta mumasirinda, zvikamu zvese zveyuniti zvinosangana zvakanyanya nekushushikana kwemhepo (tembiricha yepakati iri musilinda inokwira kusvika pamadhigirii chiuru kana kupfuura). Iyo injini injini inosanganisira huwandu hwakawanda hwezvikamu zvinoda kutonhora, asi nekuda kwekuti ivo havana chekuita neiri kutonhora sisitimu, vanotambura nekushomeka kwekupisa kupisa. Mienzaniso yezvikamu zvakadaro ipistoni pachayo, matanda ekubatanidza, nezvimwe.

Kuchengeta zvikamu izvi zvakapora uye kuwana huwandu hwakazara hwekukwenenzvera, mota yakarongedzwa neyekugadzirisa system. Mukuwedzera kune yakasarudzika dhizaini, iyo inotsanangurwa mune imwe ongororo, kune zvakare yakaoma sump vhezheni.

Funga kuti sumbu yakaoma yakasiyana sei nesumpu nyoro, pamusoro pesisitimu inoshanda, uye nezvakanaka nezvayakaipira.

Chii chinonzi yakaoma sump girisi?

Pasinei nadzurudzo yegirisi, musimboti wekushanda wakangofanana kwavari. Iyo pombi inoyamwa mumafuta kubva mudura uye, pasi pekumanikidza, inoidyisa kuburikidza nemitsara yemafuta kune yega injini zvikamu. Zvimwe zvikamu zvinogara zvichisangana nemafuta ekuzora, mamwe anodiridzwa nemafuta emafuta akaumbwa nekuda kwekushanda kweiyo crank michina (kuti uwane ruzivo nezvekuti inoshanda sei, verenga pano).

Mune yakasarudzika system, iyo lubricant inoyerera zvakasununguka kupinda mune sump mune pombi yemafuta iripo. Iyo inovimbisa kufamba kwemafuta kuburikidza nenzira dzakakodzera. Rudzi urwu rwehurongwa runonzi sump yakatota. Iyo yakaoma analogue inoreva yakafanana system, asi chete ine rakasiyana dura (haisi panzvimbo yakadzika kwazvo yeyuniti, asi iri kumusoro), umo pombi huru ichapomba girisi uye imwe pombi yemafuta. Pombi yechipiri inodikanwa kupomba girizi kune zvikamu zveinjini.

Mune yakadaro sisitimu, imwe sosi yekuzora mvura ichave iri mune sump. Iyo yakaoma mamiriro. Izvo ndezvekuti mune ino kesi, iyo nhovo haina kushandiswa kuchengetera iro rese vhoriyamu remafuta. Kune rimwe dura rakazvimiririra reizvi.

Kunyangwe hazvo iko kwekuti yakasarudzika lubrication system yakazviratidza kuve yakachipa mutengo yekugadzirisa uye nekuvimbika kwakanyanya kwekushanda, haisi pasina zvipingaidzo. Muenzaniso weiyi pallet yakatsemuka kana mota ikakunda nzvimbo-yemugwagwa ikarova dombo rakapinza. Funga mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu iyo yakaoma sump system inobatsira.

Chii chakaomeswa sump system inoshandiswa?

Kazhinji kacho, mota yemitambo, chimwe chikamu chemidziyo yakakosha uye mamwe maSUV anozove neiyo yakafanana injini yekukodza system. Kana tikataura nezveSUVs, saka zvinonzwisisika kuti nei tangi remafuta einjini yemoto yemukati isiri panzvimbo yakaderera yemotokari. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana uchipfuura ford, kana mutyairi asingaone matombo akapinza pasi pemvura kana kana achikunda nzvimbo ine rukoko nemugwagwa une mabwe.

Ko mota dzemitambo? Nei mota yemitambo ichida sump yakaoma kana ichigara ichifamba pamusoro peyakaenzana? Muchokwadi, pakumhanya kwakanyanya, kunyangwe shanduko diki mumugwagwa dzinogona kuzadzwa nekupenya kuzhinji kubva pasi pemotokari nekuda kwepara rakanamatira padanho remugwagwa. Kana mutyairi achibhureka zvine mutsindo asati apinda mukukona, mota inonamira kumberi, izvo zvinoderedza kubvumidzwa kwepasi kumatunhu akakosha.

Asi kunyangwe ichi hachisi chakanyanya kukoshesa mota yemitambo. Kana crankshaft iri kushanda nekumhanyisa kumhanyisa, mune yakasarudzika dhizaini yegirisi, yakawanda yemafuta inosvinwa mumhute yemafuta uye inopihwa kune akasiyana zvikamu zveyuniti yemagetsi. Sezvingatarisirwa, iyo girisi yemafuta mudura rakadzikira zvakanyanya.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, pombi yemafuta inokwanisa kuburitsa mafuta uye kugadzira kumanikidza kunodiwa kuti ushandise michina. Nekudaro, iyo yemitambo nzira yekutyaira inogara ichibatana neicho chekuti girizi inosara mune sump splashes nekuda kweyekungogara kutenderera kwemota. Mune ino modhi, iyo pombi haigone kushanda zvakanaka uye haina kuyamwa inokwana mvura.

Nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwezvose zviri pamusoro zvinhu, injini inogona kusangana nenzara yemafuta. Sezvo zvinokurumidza kufamba zvikamu hazvigamuchire iwo akaenzana ekuzora, iyo yekudzivirira firimu pavari inokurumidza kubviswa, zvichikonzera kuomarara kukakavara. Uye zvakare, zvimwe zvinhu hazvigamuchire kutonhora kwakaringana. Zvese izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwekushanda hweinjini yemukati yemoto.

Kuti abvise iyi mhedzisiro yakaipa, mainjiniya akagadzira yakaoma sump system. Sezvambotaurwa, dhizaini yacho yakati siyanei neyakajairika vhezheni.

Nheyo yekushanda uye chigadzirwa "yakaoma sump"

Mafuta ekuzora injini zvikamu mune ino sisitimu iri mudura, kubva kwairi inopomedzerwa nepombi yekumanikidza. Zvichienderana nemudziyo, iyo girizi inogona kupinda mukati kutonhodza redhiyeta kana akananga mumotokari kuburikidza nemikana inoitirwa izvi.

Mushure mekunge chikamu chazadzikisa mashandiro acho (chakazora zvikamu zvacho, ndokushambidza guruva resimbi kubva kwavari, kana raumba, uye rabvisa kupisa), rinounganidzwa mupani pasi pechiito chesimba remagetsi. Kubva ipapo, mvura yacho inosvinwa neimwe pombi ndokudiridzirwa mudziva. Kudzivirira zvidimbu zvidiki zvinowachirwa musump kuti zvisadzokere muinjini, panguva ino zvinochengetwa mumafuta efaera. Mune kumwe kunatsurudzwa, mafuta anoenda kuburikidza neiri rediyeta, mairi inotonhorera, senge antifreeze muC.

Panguva ino, chiuno chakavharwa. Zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo ehurongwa, panogona kuve nemamodule ekubvisa mukati mawo, ayo anomhanyisa kuunganidzwa kwemafuta mutangi. Kuti kugadzikana kwekugadzika kwechikwata, dzakawanda dzakaoma sump mota dzine zvimwe zvekushandisa. Ngatinyatsoongororai kuti girisi rinoshanda sei, uye chinhu chega chega chinoita mariri.

Injini yakaoma sump system

Mumotokari dzemazuva ano, zvinogona kugadziriswa zvakasiyana pakaoma sump injini yekumisikidza. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvavo zvakakosha ndeizvi:

• Yakawedzera dura regirisi;
• Pombi inogadzira musoro mumutsara;
• Pombi inodhonza mafuta kunze kwesadza (yakafanana neiyo yakasarudzika vhezheni mune yakasviba sump);
• Radieta inopfuura nemafuta, ichifamba kubva pasump ichienda mutangi;
• Thermal sensor yekukonzera;
• Imwe sensor inonyora kumanikidza kwemafuta mune ino system.
• Thermostat;
• Sefa yakafanana neiya inoshandiswa mune dzekare masisitimu;
• Kuderedza uye yekupfuura vharuvhu (zvinoenderana nesystem modhi, nhamba yavo inogona kusiyana).

Iyo yekuwedzera mafuta dura inogona kuve akasiyana maumbirwo. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nekuti iro kamuri reinjini rakarongedzwa sei mune imwe mota yemhando. Matangi mazhinji ane akawanda anopenga mukati. Dzinodiwa kuti dzizorodze mafuta kana mota ichifamba, uye haina kupupa furo.

Panguva yekushanda, pombi yemafuta, pamwe neyekugadzirisa, inoyamwa zvishoma mumhepo. Kuti udzivirire kudzvinyirira mumutsara, pane mweya mu tangi uyo une chinangwa chakafanana ne crankcase vent.

Iyo zvakare ine yekushisa sensor uye yekumanikidza sensor mumutsara. Zvekuti mutyairi aone kushomeka kwemafuta munguva, pane chitepisi mutangi icho chinotariswa mwero mutangi.

Kunaka kwerimwe dura nderekuti iyo inogadzira michina inogona kuronga kamuri reinjini nenzira yayo. Izvi zvinobvumidza huremu hwesisitimu dzese kuti dzigove kuitira kuvandudza kubata mumitambo yemitambo. Uye zvakare, iyo tangi inogona kuiswa munzvimbo yeinjini, kuitira kuti girizi rifurirwe mukati maro uchityaira, uye kumwe kutonhorera kunopihwa.

Iyo pombi yekuendesa mafuta inowanzo kuwanikwa zvishoma pazasi petangi remafuta. Iyi yekumisikidza nzira inoita kuti basa rake rive nyore zvishoma, nekuti haafanire kushandisa simba kupomba iyo mvura - inopinda mudumbu rake pasi pesimba regiravhiti. Iko kumanikidza kudzikisira vharafu uye yekupfuura vharuvhu inodiwa muchirongwa kudzora mafuta kumanikidza.

Basa repombi yekubuda yakafanana neyakafanana nzira inoiswa mune chero lubrication system ye4-sitiroko yemukati injini yemoto (yemisiyano pakati pechina-sitiroko uye maviri-sitiroko injini, verenga pano). Kune akati wandei nadzurudzo evanofuridza vakadaro, uye mukugadzirwa kwavo ivo vakasiyana nemapombi akaisirwa iyo yekuwedzera mafuta tangi.

Zvichienderana neiyo modhi yemota, panogona kunge paine akati wandei ekupomba ma module. Semuenzaniso, muchikamu chine dhizaini yakaita se-V ye cylinder block, pombi huru ine imwezve nzira inoburitsa girisi rinoshandiswa kubva gasi rekuparadzira mashandiro... Uye kana injini iine turbocharger, ipapo imwezve nzvimbo yekupomba ichaiswa padyo nayo.

Iyi dhizaini inowedzera kuunganidzira girisi mudura guru. Kana ikadonha zvakasununguka, pane mukana wakakura wekuti mwero mudhishi unenge wakaderera zvakanyanya uye injini yaisazowana mafuta akakwana.

Iko kushanda kwekupa uye kuburitsa mapombi kwakabatana kune crankshaft. Ipo ichitenderera, vafuri vanoshandawo. Iko kune, asi kashoma zvakakwana, zvigadziriso zvinoshanda kubva kune camshaft. Iyo torque kubva kune crankshaft kuenda kupombi michina inopfuudzwa kungave kuburikidza nebhandi kana kuburikidza neketani.

Mune ino dhizaini, zvinokwanisika kuisa iyo inodiwa nhamba yezvikamu zvekuwedzera zvinoshanda kubva kune rimwe shaft. Kubatsira kweiyi gadziriro ndechekuti kana pakaitika kupompa, iyo pombi inogona kubviswa kubva mumota pasina kukanganisa dhizaini yeyuniti pachayo.

Kunyangwe iyo pombi yekudonha iine imwechete yekushandisa musimboti uye dhizaini senzvimbo yayo yakanyorova sump, yakagadziridzwa kuitira kuti mashandiro ayo asarasike, kunyangwe painosveta mumafuta anopupuma kana pamwe mweya.

Chinhu chinotevera chisipo mumatota sump masisitimu ndiyo radiator. Basa rayo rakafanana neiro remhepo inopisa yeiyo inotonhora system. Iyo zvakare ine yakafanana dhizaini. Verenga zvimwe nezve izvi. mune imwe ongororo... Chaizvoizvo, iyo yakaiswa pakati pejekiseni mafuta pombi uye injini yemukati yekupisa, asi kune zvakare sarudzo dzekumisikidza pakati pepombi yekubuda netangi.

Thermostat iri mukukwenenzvera sisitimu inodiwa kuitira kudzivirira kubva kukurumidza kutonhorera kana injini ichidziya. Iyo inotonhora sisitimu ine imwecheteyo musimboti, iyo inotsanangurwa zvakadzama. pano... Muchidimbu, nepo injini yemoto yemukati iri kudziya (kunyanya panguva yekutonhora), mafuta ari mairi ari mukobvu. Nechikonzero ichi, hazvidi kuti utonhodze kuitira kuti iyerere uye kunatsiridza lubrication yeyuniti.

Pangosvika svikiro rinoshanda rasvika tembiricha yaunoda (unogona kuziva nezve iyo tembiricha yekushandisa yeinjini inofanira kunge iri kubva kune imwe chinyorwa), iyo thermostat inovhura uye oiri inoyerera kuburikidza ne radiator yekutonhora. Izvi zvinoona zviri nani kupisa dissipation kubva kunopisa zvikamu izvo zvisina kusangana neiri kutonhora bhachi remota.

Zvakanakira nekuipira kweyakaoma sump system

Yekutanga kubatsirwa kweakaomeswa sump masystem ndeyekupa yakagadzika lubrication, zvisinei nemhando yekutyaira mota. Kunyangwe kana mota ikakunda kukwira kwenguva refu, mota haizowana nzara yemafuta. Sezvo panguva yekutyaira kwakanyanya zvinowanzoitika kuti mota ichapisa zvakanyanya, shanduko iyi inopa kutonhora kuri nani kwechikwata. Ichi chinhu chakakosha zvakanyanya kune ICE yakagadzirirwa turbine (kune rumwe ruzivo pane chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyi michina, verenga zvakasiyana).

Nekuda kwekuti mafuta haana kuchengetwa muhombodo, asi mune rakasiyana dhamu, dhizaini yemafuta iri diki kwazvo, nekuda kwekuti ivo vagadziri vanokwanisa kudzikisira kubvumidzwa kwemotokari yemitambo. Iyo yepasi mumotokari dzakadai kazhinji kazhinji yakati sandara, iyo ine maitiro akanaka pane aerodynamics yekufambisa (chii chinokanganisa paramende iyi chinotsanangurwa pano).

Kana sump ikabayiwa panguva yekufamba, girizi harizobuda mukati maro, sezvazviri mune yakasarudzika lubrication system. Izvi zvinopa mukana mukugadziriswa kwechimbichimbi mumugwagwa, kunyanya kana iyo SUV yakatambura kukuvara kwakadaro kure kwazvo kubva kuchitoro chemotokari chiri padyo.

Iyo inotevera yekuwedzera yeakaoma sump ndeyekuti zvinoita kuti iro basa reyuniti simba pachayo riite nyore zvishoma. Saka, kana mota yanga yakamira muchando kwenguva yakareba, mafuta ari mutangi anova mukobvu. Panguva yekutanga simba remuchina ine yakasarudzika lubrication system, crankshaft inoda kukunda kwete chete kushingirira mumacylinders pane yekumanikidza sitiroko (kana injini ichimhanya, iri simba rinogoneswa neiyo inertial simba), asi zvakare kuramba kwemafuta gobvu (iyo crankshaft mune ino kesi iri mune yekugeza mafuta). Mune sump yakaoma, dambudziko iri rinobviswa, sezvo mafuta ese akapatsanurwa kubva kune crankshaft, zvinoita kuti injini itange nekukurumidza.

Munguva yekutenderera, crankshaft haishande mune yekugadzirisa system semusanganisi. Kutenda neizvi, mafuta haapupuri furo uye haarasikirwe nehukuru hwayo. Izvi zvinopa iri nani firimu pane yekusangana nzvimbo yezvikamu zvikamu.

Mune sump yakaoma, iyo lubricant iri shoma inosangana ne crankcase magasi. Nekuda kweizvi, mwero weiyo oxidative reaction yakaderedzwa, iyo inowedzera sosi yechinhu. Zvidimbu zvidiki hazvina nguva yekugadzika mupani yemafuta, asi zvinobva zvabviswa kusefa.

Sezvo mapombi emafuta mune akawanda masystem modification akaisirwa kunze kweiyo unit, kana pakaitika kuparara, hapana chikonzero chekukatanura injini yemukati yemoto kuti uite nzira dzakakodzera. Izvi zvinhu zvinotibvumidza kupedzisa kuti iyo unit ine yakaoma mhando crankcase iri yakavimbika uye inoshanda zvichienzaniswa neyekutanga analogue.

Kunyangwe paine huwandu hwakawanda hweakanaka maficha, iyo yakaoma sump system ine yakawanda yezvakaipa zvakakomba. Heano makuru acho:

• Chekutanga, nekuda kwekuvapo kwenzvimbo dzekuwedzera uye zvikamu, kugadzirisa sisitimu kunodhura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuomarara kwekugadzirisa kunosanganisirwa nekushanda kwemagetsi (pane mhando umo kugadzirwa kwechikwata kunodzorwa nemumwe mutungamiriri).
• Chechipiri, tichienzanisa neyechinyakare system, iyi shanduko inoda huwandu hukuru hwemafuta mumota ine vhoriyamu yakafanana uye dhizaini. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuvepo kweyekuwedzera michina uye zvinhu, zvinonyanya kupenya zvine radiator. Chinhu chimwe chete ichocho chinokanganisa huremu hwemotokari.
• Chechitatu, mutengo weakaomeswa sump mota wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura uya weyakaenzana shamwari yake.

Mune dzakajairika zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, iko kushandiswa kweyakaoma sump system haina musoro. Idzo mota hadzi shandi kunyangwe pazviitiko zvakanyanyisa, umo kugona kweiyi budiriro kunogona kuongororwa. Iyo inokodzera rally kumhanyisa mota, madunhu emakwikwi akadai seNASCAR uye mamwe marudzi emota. Kana paine chishuwo chekuvandudza zvishoma hunhu hwemota yako, saka kuisa yakaoma sump system haizopa chinoonekwa mhedzisiro pasina zvakakomba zvemazuvano emamiriro ekushanda akashata. Mune ino kesi, iwe unogona kudzikamisa iwe pachako kugadziridza chip, asi uyu ndiwo musoro wenyaya kune imwe chinyorwa.

Uye zvakare, kune avo vanofarira musoro we auto-tuning, tinokurudzira kuona iyi vhidhiyo, iyo inokurukura zvakadzama iyo yakaoma sump system uye zvimwe zvehunyengeri zvine hukama nekuisirwa kwayo:

Wakaoma Carter! Sei, nei, uye nei?

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Dry sump inorevei? Iyi imhando yeinjini yekuzora sisitimu ine dura rakasiyana rinochengeta mafuta einjini. Mota zhinji dzemazuvano dzakagadzirirwa wet sump system.

Dry sump ndeyei? Iyo yakaoma sump system inoitirwa zvakanyanya kune idzo mota dzinofamba pamwe pamateru. Muhurongwa hwakadaro, mota inogara ichigashira kwakaringana lubrication yezvikamu.

Ndeapi madhizaini eiyo yakaoma sump lubrication masisitimu? Mune sump yakaoma, mafuta anoyerera achipinda mune sump, uye kubva ipapo pombi yemafuta inosveta mukati uye inoipomba mune imwe dura. Mune maitiro akadaro, pane nguva dzose mapombi maviri emafuta.

Injini ye lubrication system inoshanda sei? Mune masisitimu akadaro, mota inozorwa nenzira yechinyakare - oiri inopombwa kuburikidza nematanho kune ese zvikamu. Mune sump yakaoma, kuparara kwe sump kunogona kugadziriswa pasina kurasikirwa nemafuta ese.